Search results for "management science"

A Theoretical Agent-Based Model to simulate an Artificial Social Evolution

2013

Agent-based social simulation as a computational approach to social simulation has been largely used to explore social phenomena. The purpose of this paper is to build a theoretical agent-based model to simulate the social evolution of a set of agents/artificial societies. In this model, each agent (artificial society) has an available number of social behaviours that compete among each other. The agent/agent interactions are carried out by their social otherwise, the agent/environment interactions are expressed through the consumption of ecological resources in repression and satisfaction by social behaviours of the agent. In this work, we will present the structure and the formulation of …

Pandemic Prevention and Personality Psychology: Gender Differences in Preventive Health Behaviors during COVID-19 and the Roles of Agreeableness and …

2022

One of the greatest public health crises in recent times, the COVID-19 pandemic, has come with a myriad of challenges in terms of health communication and public cooperation to prevent the spread of the disease. Understanding which are the key determinants that make certain individuals more cooperative is key in effectively tackling pandemics and similar future challenges. In the present study (N = 800), we investigated whether gender differences in compliance with preventive health behaviors (PHB) at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic could be established, and, if so, whether the personality traits of agreeableness and conscientiousness could help explain this presumed relationship. Consis…

Sustainable Farming Practices, Awareness, and Behavior in Small Farms in Brazil

2021

This paper investigates the relationship between the use of digital and non-digital sources of information on sustainable farming practices, institutional pressure and adoption of such practices by farmers in Brazilian semi-arid lands. The research uses a model based on the theory of reasoned action (TRA) and the institutional theory. Our results for a sample of 100 Brazilian farmers show that non-digital sources of information and ‘Coercive’ and ‘Normative’ pressures have a positive impact on farmers’ attitude towards and actual adoption of sustainable farming practices. However, digital sources of information such as TV and Radio do not play a significant role. In addition, pro-environmen…

Estimating economic severity of Air Traffic Flow Management regulations

2021

The development of trajectory-based operations and the rolling network operations plan in European air traffic management network implies a move towards more collaborative, strategic flight planning. This opens up the possibility for inclusion of additional information in the collaborative decision-making process. With that in mind, we define the indicator for the economic risk of network elements (e.g., sectors or airports) as the expected costs that the elements impose on airspace users due to Air Traffic Flow Management (ATFM) regulations. The definition of the indicator is based on the analysis of historical ATFM regulations data, that provides an indication of the risk of accruing dela…

Geometric interpretation of the optimality conditions in multifacility location and applications

1991

Geometrical optimality conditions are developed for the minisum multifacility location problem involving any norm. These conditions are then used to derive sufficient conditions for coincidence of facilities at optimality; an example is given to show that these coincidence conditions seem difficult to generalize.

GRASP with exterior path-relinking and restricted local search for the multidimensional two-way number partitioning problem

2017

In this work, we tackle multidimensional two-way number partitioning (MDTWNP) problem by combining GRASP with Exterior Path Relinking. In the last few years, the combination of GRASP with path relinking (PR) has emerged as a highly effective tool for finding high-quality solutions for several difficult problems in reasonable computational time. However, in most of the cases, this hybridisation is limited to the variant known as interior PR. Here, we couple GRASP with the "exterior form" of path relinking and perform extensive experimentation to evaluate this variant. In addition, we enhance our GRASP with PR method with a novel local search method specially designed for the MDTWNP problem. …

Quantitative Vibrational Spectrometry in the 21st Century: A Scientometric Evaluation

2005

Abstract The state of the art of research on vibrational spectrometry–based quantitative methodologies was evaluated from the literature compiled in Analytical Abstracts from 1980. Medium and near infrared, Raman spectrometry, and photoacoustic methods of analysis were considered. The evolution of the number of published papers, the distribution of the literature as a function of the different application fields in which the vibrational methods were employed, and a study of the impact on this area of chemometric and automation studies clearly shows that, from the 1990s until now, the importance of vibrational spectrometry in application analysis has grown to reach maturity. This field provi…

A Paradigm Interpreting the City and the Analytic Network Process for the Management of Urban Transformations

2018

When urban and environmental transformations occur in areas where the equilibrium between nature and culture is complex and fragile, public ad-ministrations could decide to induce private investments using several tools, such as financial contributions to those projects of refurbishment that better re-spect the purpose of improving the environmental quality and of preserving the local architecture. Multicriteria models may support public decision process re-garding this issue, but it is essential to adopt a scientific paradigm that provides a major theoretical reference. This study proposes the development of a net-work model based on the scientific paradigm by Rizzo and the Analytic Net-wo…

Addressing Dendritic Cells for Anticancer Immunity

2014

Scenario optimization asset and liability modelling for individual investors

2006

We develop a scenario optimization model for asset and liability management of individual investors. The individual has a given level of initial wealth and a target goal to be reached within some time horizon. The individual must determine an asset allocation strategy so that the portfolio growth rate will be sufficient to reach the target. A scenario optimization model is formulated which maximizes the upside potential of the portfolio, with limits on the downside risk. Both upside and downside are measured vis- `a-vis the goal. The stochastic behavior of asset returns is captured through bootstrap simulation, and the simulation is embedded in the model to determine the optimal portfolio. …