Search results for "markov chain"

showing 10 items of 288 documents

ON HIGH-SKILL AND LOW-SKILL EQUILIBRIA: A MARKOV CHAIN APPROACH

2006

In this paper we propose to study the dynamics of human capital accumulation by means of a Markov chain. We identify the conditions for the emergence of ergodic and nonergodic dynamics, and relate them to various characteristics of an economic system. The model may generate high-skill and low-skill equilibria as well as intermediate situations. Policy implications are also discussed.

MicroeconomicsEconomics and EconometricsMarkov chainMarkov renewal processFinancial economicsEconomicsErgodic theoryHigh skillHuman capitalMetroeconomica
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Novel 3D bio-macromolecular bilinear descriptors for protein science: Predicting protein structural classes

2015

In the present study, we introduce novel 3D protein descriptors based on the bilinear algebraic form in the ℝn space on the coulombic matrix. For the calculation of these descriptors, macromolecular vectors belonging to ℝn space, whose components represent certain amino acid side-chain properties, were used as weighting schemes. Generalization approaches for the calculation of inter-amino acidic residue spatial distances based on Minkowski metrics are proposed. The simple- and double-stochastic schemes were defined as approaches to normalize the coulombic matrix. The local-fragment indices for both amino acid-types and amino acid-groups are presented in order to permit characterizing fragme…

Models MolecularProtein structural classesMathematical parametersProtein functionQuantitative Structure-Activity RelationshipBilinear interpolationQuantitative structure activity relation3D protein descriptorBilinear formProceduresChemical structureStatistical parametersMinkowski spaceProtein analysisAmino AcidsPriority journalMathematicsInterpretabilityQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesApplied MathematicsStatistical parameterValidation studyGeneral MedicineComputer simulationDiscriminant analysisReproducibilityAmino acidAlgorithmChemistryProtein conformationModeling and SimulationStatistical modelGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesBiological systemAmino acid analysisAlgorithmsNonbiological modelStatistics and ProbabilityCorrelation coefficientLDAMacromolecular SubstancesMarkov chainMacromoleculeStructure analysisModels BiologicalArticleGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyCombinatoricsStochastic processesBilinear formBiologyMatrixGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologyProteinCoulombic matrixComputational BiologyProteinsReproducibility of ResultsLinear discriminant analysisWeightingCorrelation coefficientProtein structureBiological modelLinear ModelsThree-dimensional modelingJournal of Theoretical Biology
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Importance sampling type estimators based on approximate marginal Markov chain Monte Carlo

2020

We consider importance sampling (IS) type weighted estimators based on Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) targeting an approximate marginal of the target distribution. In the context of Bayesian latent variable models, the MCMC typically operates on the hyperparameters, and the subsequent weighting may be based on IS or sequential Monte Carlo (SMC), but allows for multilevel techniques as well. The IS approach provides a natural alternative to delayed acceptance (DA) pseudo-marginal/particle MCMC, and has many advantages over DA, including a straightforward parallelisation and additional flexibility in MCMC implementation. We detail minimal conditions which ensure strong consistency of the sug…

Monte Carlo -menetelmätbayesilainen menetelmätilastomenetelmätMarkovin ketjutMarkov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC)Bayesian analysisotantaStatistics::Computationestimointi
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k-out-of-n systems: an exact formula for the stationary availability and multi-objective configuration design based on mathematical programming and T…

2018

[EN] Reliability and availability analyses are recognized as essential for guiding decision makers in the implementation of actions addressed to improve the technical and economical performance of complex systems. For industrial systems with reparable components, the most interesting parameter used to drive maintenance is the stationary availability. In this regard, the present paper proposes an exact formula for computing the system stationary availability of a k-out-of-n system. Such a formula is proved to be in agreement with the fundamental theorem of Markov chains. Then, a multi-objective mathematical model is formulated for choosing the optimal system configuration design. The Pareto …

Multi-objective optimizationStationary availabilityMarkov chainsK-out-of-n systemMarkov chainSettore ING-IND/17 - Impianti Industriali MeccaniciTOPSISMATEMATICA APLICADA
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Poisson convergence on continuous time branching random walks and multistage carcinogenesis.

1982

A theorem for Poisson convergence on realizations of two-dimensional Branching Random Walks with an underlying continuous time Markov Branching Process is proved. This result can be used to gain an approximation for the number of cells having sustained a certain deficiency after a long time in multistage carcinogenesis.

Multistage carcinogenesisTime FactorsMarkov chainApplied MathematicsPoisson distributionRandom walkAgricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous)Models BiologicalCombinatoricsBranching (linguistics)symbols.namesakeCell Transformation NeoplasticBranching random walkModeling and SimulationNeoplasmsConvergence (routing)symbolsApplied mathematicsAnimalsHumansMathematicsMathematicsBranching processJournal of mathematical biology
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Forecasting correlated time series with exponential smoothing models

2011

Abstract This paper presents the Bayesian analysis of a general multivariate exponential smoothing model that allows us to forecast time series jointly, subject to correlated random disturbances. The general multivariate model, which can be formulated as a seemingly unrelated regression model, includes the previously studied homogeneous multivariate Holt-Winters’ model as a special case when all of the univariate series share a common structure. MCMC simulation techniques are required in order to approach the non-analytically tractable posterior distribution of the model parameters. The predictive distribution is then estimated using Monte Carlo integration. A Bayesian model selection crite…

Multivariate statisticsMathematical optimizationsymbols.namesakeModel selectionExponential smoothingPosterior probabilitysymbolsUnivariateMarkov chain Monte CarloBusiness and International ManagementSeemingly unrelated regressionsBayesian inferenceMathematicsInternational Journal of Forecasting
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Improving the Performance Metric of Wireless Sensor Networks with Clustering Markov Chain Model and Multilevel Fusion

2013

Published version of an article in the journal: Mathematical Problems in Engineering. Also available from the publisher at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/783543 Open access The paper proposes a performance metric evaluation for a distributed detection wireless sensor network with respect to IEEE 802.15.4 standard. A distributed detection scheme is considered with presence of the fusion node and organized sensors into the clustering and non-clustering networks. Sensors are distributed in clusters uniformly and nonuniformly and network has multilevel fusion centers. Fusion centers act as heads of clusters for decision making based on majority-like received signal strength (RSS) with comparis…

Network architectureArticle SubjectMarkov chainComputer scienceNetwork packetlcsh:MathematicsGeneral MathematicsNode (networking)ComputerSystemsOrganization_COMPUTER-COMMUNICATIONNETWORKSReal-time computingGeneral EngineeringThroughputlcsh:QA1-939VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Information and communication science: 420::Knowledge based systems: 425lcsh:TA1-2040Channel state informationVDP::Technology: 500::Information and communication technology: 550::Telecommunication: 552Computer Science::Networking and Internet Architecturelcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)Cluster analysisPerformance metricWireless sensor networkComputer Science::Information TheoryRayleigh fadingMathematical Problems in Engineering
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Updated determination of the solar neutrino fluxes from solar neutrino data

2016

Journal of High Energy Physics 2016.3 (2016): 132 reproduced by permission of Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA)

Normalization (statistics)Particle physicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsSolar and atmospheric neutrinosSolar neutrinoAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaBayesian probabilityPosterior probabilitySolar neutrinosFOS: Physical sciences7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - Experimentsymbols.namesakeHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Neutrins solars0103 physical sciencesAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics010306 general physicsNeutrino oscillationSolar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)Physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsParticle physicsFísicaMarkov chain Monte CarloNeutrino physicsHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyDistribution functionAstrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics13. Climate actionPhysics::Space PhysicssymbolsAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsNeutrinoFísica de partícules
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Jet evolution in a dense medium: event-by-event fluctuations and multi-particle correlations

2017

International audience; We study the gluon distribution produced via successive medium-induced branchings by an energetic jet propagating through a weakly-coupled quark-gluon plasma. We show that under suitable approximations, the jet evolution is a Markovian stochastic process, which is exactly solvable. For this process, we construct exact analytic solutions for all the n-point correlation functions describing the gluon distribution in the space of energy [M. A. Escobedo, E. Iancu, Event-by-event fluctuations in the medium-induced jet evolution, JHEP 05 (2016) 008. arXiv: arXiv:1601.03629 , doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/JHEP05(2016)008 , M. A. Escobedo, E. Iancu, Multi-particle correlati…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsmedia_common.quotation_subjectenergy lossMarkov chainKNOformula01 natural sciencesAsymmetryStandard deviationjet0103 physical sciencespropagationscaling: KNOmultiplicityStatistical physicscorrelation function010306 general physicsScalingquark gluon: plasmaBranching processmedia_commonPhysicsLarge Hadron Collidergluon: distribution functionta114Markovian stochastic process010308 nuclear & particles physicsStochastic processfluctuationdijet: asymmetryPlasmajet: asymmetrynucleus nucleus: scatteringGluonwide-anglepath lengthCERN LHC Colljet: energy lossnuclear mattercorrelationevolution equation[PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph]High Energy Physics::Experimentheavy ion: colliding beamsPhenomenology (particle physics)jet evolution
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A novel method based on augmented Markov vector process for the time-variant extreme value distribution of stochastic dynamical systems enforced by P…

2020

Abstract The probability density function (PDF) of the time-variant extreme value process for structural responses is of great importance. Poisson white noise excitation occurs widely in practical engineering problems. The extreme value distribution of the response of systems excited by Poisson white noise processes is still not yet readily available. For this purpose, in the present paper, a novel method based on the augmented Markov vector process for the PDF of the time-variant extreme value process for a Poisson white noise driven dynamical system is proposed. Specifically, the augmented Markov vector (AMV) process is constructed by combining the extreme value process and its underlying…

Numerical AnalysisMarkov chainDynamical systems theoryComputer scienceApplied MathematicsProbability density functionWhite noisePoisson distribution01 natural sciencesStochastic dynamic system010305 fluids & plasmassymbols.namesakeAugmented Markov vector proceJoint probability distributionModeling and Simulation0103 physical sciencesPoisson white noise excitationsymbolsGeneralized extreme value distributionApplied mathematicsSettore ICAR/08 - Scienza Delle Costruzioni010306 general physicsExtreme value theoryTime-variant extreme value processCommunications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation
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