Search results for "maternal"

Wewnątrzkulturowe uwarunkowania międzypokoleniowej transmisji przywiązania w adolescencji

2017

Celem badania była analiza środowiska zamieszkania (wieś versus miasto) jako moderatora zakresu oraz mechanizmów międzypokoleniowej transmisji (związku) przywiązania pomiędzy matkami i ich nastoletnimi dziećmi za pośrednictwem zachowań związanych z ich wrażliwością rodzicielską (tj. kontrolą psychologiczną i ciepłem wskazywanym przez akceptację-odrzucenie). Przyjmując założenie ekologicznie zróżnicowanej ekspresji przywiązania matek sformułowaliśmy hipotezy częściowej i moderowanej mediacji zakładające, że związek przywiązania matki i nastolatka będzie silniejszy w mieście, aniżeli na wsi. Próba była złożona z 575 diad matka-dziecko zamieszkujących na wsi i w mieście. Przywiązanie matki i n…

Salut de la dona, de la sexualitat i de la reproducció

2018

El document forma part dels materials docents programats mitjançant l'ajut del Servei de Política Lingüística de la Universitat de València Aquest document forma part de l'assignatura "Salut de la dona, de la sexualitat i de la reproducció", que forma part de la docència al Grau d'Infermeria

Intergenerational fitness effects of the early life environment in a wild rodent

2019

The early life environment can have profound, long‐lasting effects on an individual's fitness. For example, early life quality might (a) positively associate with fitness (a silver spoon effect), (b) stimulate a predictive adaptive response (by adjusting the phenotype to the quality of the environment to maximize fitness) or (c) be obscured by subsequent plasticity. Potentially, the effects of the early life environment can persist beyond one generation, though the intergenerational plasticity on fitness traits of a subsequent generation is unclear. To study both intra‐ and intergenerational effects of the early life environment, we exposed a first generation of bank voles to two early life…

Population divergence in maternal investment and embryo energy use and allocation suggests adaptive responses to cool climates

2023

1. The thermal sensitivity of early life stages can play a fundamental role in constraining species distributions. For egg-laying ectotherms, cool temperatures often extend development time and exacerbate developmental energy cost. Despite these costs, egg laying is still observed at high latitudes and altitudes. How embryos overcome the developmental constraints posed by cool climates is crucial knowledge for explaining the persistence of oviparous species in such environments and for understanding thermal adaptation more broadly. 2. Here, we studied maternal investment and embryo energy use and allocation in wall lizards spanning altitudinal regions, as potential mechanisms that enable su…

Prenatal thyroid hormones accelerate postnatal growth and telomere shortening in wild great tits

2021

AbstractEarly-life environment is known to affect later-life health and disease, which could be mediated by the early-life programming of telomere length, a key hallmark of ageing. According to thefetal programming of telomere biology hypothesis, variation in prenatal exposure to hormones is likely to influence telomere length. Yet the contribution of key metabolic hormones,i.e. thyroid hormones (THs), has been largely ignored. We recently showed that in contrast to predictions, exposure to elevated prenatal THs increased postnatal telomere length in wild collared flycatchers, but the generality of such effect, its underlying proximate mechanisms and consequences on survival have not been i…

Female reproductive factors are associated with objectively measured physical activity in middle-aged women

2017

Physical activity improves health and may delay the onset of several chronic diseases. For women in particular, the rate of these diseases accelerates at middle age; therefore it is important to identify the determinants of health-enhancing physical activity during midlife in this population. In this study, we focused on determinants that are unique to the female sex, such as childbearing and menopause. The main objective was to characterize the level of physical activity and differences between active and inactive middle-aged Finnish women. In addition, we examined the association of physical activity with female reproductive factors at midlife. The study population consisted of 647 women …

Lapsettomuus naisen tietoisena valintana

2001

Characterization of maternal behaviours in mice. Pheromonal control and nonapeptidergic substrate

2016

1. INTRODUCCIÓN El comportamiento parental se da en una gran amplia variedad de especies de vertebrados e invertebrados, pero es especialmente importante en mamíferos y aves (Numan and Insel, 2003). Numan e Insel definieron este comportamiento como “cualquier comportamiento de un miembro de una especie hacia un conespecífico reproductivamente inmaduro que incrementa las probabilidades de que el receptor sobreviva hasta la madurez” (Numan e Insel, 2003). Aunque, especialmente en mamíferos, la mayor parte del cuidado lo llevan a cabo las hembras, en algunas especies los machos muestran comportamiento parental, lo que se conoce como comportamiento paternal. Por otro lado, en algunas aves y mam…