Search results for "maximum power point"

A novel fuel cell-based power system modeling approach

2013

Nowadays, fuel cells are the most promising source of energy for stationary applications. Unfortunately, the power density of fuel cells is not adequate for modern applications. A fuel cell - based hybrid power supply is required. The fuel cell is coupled with a high-energy density power source to improve performances of the composite power source. A power management stage is introduced between the two basic sources to control the power flow path from the fuel cell to the auxiliary source and the load. In order to avoid effects of a limited power density of the fuel cell on the whole power supply, sophisticated power management algorithms are implemented. Accurate modeling is required to te…

Power loss analysis for single phase grid-connected PV inverters

2009

This paper presents a method for power loss analysis applied on single-phase grid-connected PV inverter. The often neglected current ripple effects are included in power device switching and conduction losses. The relationships amongst component losses, output inductance, switching frequency and dc-link voltage are investigated. It is shown that current ripple effect is important to power loss analysis due to varying irradiation. The closed form solutions of component losses are proposed and verified with SPICE simulation results.

Reconfigurable electrical interconnection strategies for photovoltaic arrays: A review

2014

Non-uniform irradiance significantly decreases the power delivered by solar photovoltaic arrays. A promising technique for compensating these power losses relies on dynamically reconfiguring the electrical connections between photovoltaic modules. This paper presents the current state-of-the-art strategies for photovoltaic array reconfiguration in order to increase the power output under partial shading and mismatch conditions. The different approaches have been compared in terms of effectiveness of the control algorithms, monitored electrical and environmental variables, overall hardware complexity and specific features of each solution. Finally, the most challenging aspects of the reconfi…

Maximum Power Point Tracker for Standalone PV System Using Neural Networks

2019

In this work, designing and implementation of a maximum power point tracker (MPPT) based on an artificial neural network is proposed. The output voltage of the selected photovoltaic array is controlled by a DC to DC boost converter in a way that the PV array generates the available possible maximum power correspond to the available solar irradiance and temperature. The neural network (NN) is capable of forecasting the required terminal voltage of the PV array in order to generate the possible maximum power. The pulse width modulation (PWM) signal, which drives the boost converter, is generated through a raspberry pi according to the forecasted terminal voltage. The terminal voltage of the P…

Real time estimation of photovoltaic modules characteristics and its application to maximum power point operation

2007

In this paper, an approximate curve fitting method for photovoltaic modules is presented. The operation is based on solving a simple solar cell electrical model by a microcontroller in real time. Only four voltage and current coordinates are needed to obtain the solar module parameters and set its operation at maximum power in any conditions of illumination and temperature. Despite its simplicity, this method is suitable for low cost real time applications, as control loop reference generator in photovoltaic maximum power point circuits. The theory that supports the estimator together with simulations and experimental results are presented.

Power management of grid-connected photovoltaic inverter with storage battery

2011

With increased penetration of PV generation in the power grid, it becomes necessary to control the PV generation similar to the conventional power sources. Grid-connected PV systems equipped with storage batteries are capable of active power control. PV power generation can be either fed into the grid or stored in the battery. This paper presents a deterministic power management algorithm that uses closed-form approximations derived from analytical loss models. It can be configured to maximize the efficiency or the revenue in a liberalized electricity market. The battery controller emulates an optimum load-line in which the PV power is autonomously shared between the battery and the feed-in…

Hydrogen back-up power system with photovoltaic direct energy transfer regulation and interleaved boost for space applicattions

2012

This work details a power conditioning unit for photovoltaic/hydrogen based energy systems in space applications. The power conversion techniques applied are similar to the ones used on photovoltaic/battery space power systems. A direct energy transfer photovoltaic regulator is devised for feeding two outputs; the first output corresponds to the main unregulated battery bus and the second output sets a power path to feed an electrolyser. A modular fuel cell converter completes the system and operates when photovoltaic energy is not available or load demand exceeds the generated photovoltaic power, providing electrical power from a fuel cell. An ancillary battery, located in the main bus, di…

Design of a solar-battery-thermoelectric power converter prototype

2015

In this paper a multisource renewable energy system for high-current applications is proposed. The power architecture is based on a multi-input power converter including control and reconfiguration subsystems. Independently of the type of connected renewable sources, a proper control of the output DC voltage bus is provided as well as a proper control on the operating point of each renewable source to achieve the maximum power transfer. A 48V thermoelectric-photovoltaic-battery system in a three input configuration is designed. Three interacting feedback networks are implemented: the outer loop which controls the output voltage and as many inner loops as connected renewable sources to achie…

Performance evaluation of a multisource renewable power converter prototype

2014

A novel meta-heuristic optimization algorithm based MPPT control technique for PV systems under complex partial shading condition

2021

Abstract The need to combat the increase in global warming is well taken by solar energy lead renewable energy resources. The techno-economic feasibility of solar systems in the form of photovoltaic (PV) generation is highly dependent upon its operating conditions. The nonlinear control problem is further worsened by partial shading (PS) environment causing major power losses. Bio-inspired maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control techniques, in literature, exhibit some major common drawbacks such as high tracking and settling time, oscillations at global maxima (GM), and local maxima (LM) trapping under PS conditions. This paper presents a novel search and rescue (SRA) optimization algor…