Search results for "medias"

Paraneoplastische limbische Enzephalitis bei kleinzelligem Bronchialkarzinom

2004

We report about a 63-year-old male patient who complained of a recent onset of confusion. A mediastinal mass had been detected in his chest X-ray three days before admission to our clinic. Surprisingly, a CT scan of the brain revealed no signs of cerebral masses or oedema. MRI demonstrated bright hyperintens signals in the medial aspect of both temporal lobes. Biopsy by mediastinoscopy showed small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). No distant metastases were found by staging procedures. Cerebrospinal fluid and serum contained antineuronal antibodies (anti-Hu). The combination of symptoms, MRI findings and paraneoplastic antibodies established the diagnosis of paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis in…

The 2021 WHO Classification of Tumors of the Thymus and Mediastinum: What Is New in Thymic Epithelial, Germ Cell, and Mesenchymal Tumors?

2022

Abstract This overview of the fifth edition of the WHO classification of thymic epithelial tumors (including thymomas, thymic carcinomas, and thymic neuroendocrine tumors [NETs]), mediastinal germ cell tumors, and mesenchymal neoplasms aims to (1) list established and new tumor entities and subtypes and (2) focus on diagnostic, molecular, and conceptual advances since publication of the fourth edition in 2015. Diagnostic advances are best exemplified by the immunohistochemical characterization of adenocarcinomas and the recognition of genetic translocations in metaplastic thymomas, rare B2 and B3 thymomas, and hyalinizing clear cell carcinomas. Advancements at the molecular and tumor biolog…

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema as a complication of asthma in children: case report and literature review

2016

Background:Spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM) is an uncommon disorder. It is rarely reported in paediatric patients and may be accompanied by subcutaneous emphysema. It is usually benign and self-limiting, with only supportive therapy being needed, but severe cases may require invasive measures. Asthma exacerbations have classically been described as a cause of SPM. However, detailed descriptions in asthmatic children are scarce. We aimed at improving the current understanding of the features of SPM and subcutaneous emphysema, and outcomes, by means of a case report and a systematic review.Methods:For the systematic review a literature search was performed in PubMed to identify reported ca…

Lifesaving Stenting of Pulmonary Arteries Critically Narrowed by Mediastinal Lymphoma

2019

A narrative review on the implementation of liquid biopsy as a diagnostic tool in thoracic tumors during the COVID-19 pandemic.

2021

Objective: In this review, we evaluate the role of liquid biopsy in managing lung cancer patients during the still ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) healthcare emergency. Background: The novel influenza coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus or SARSCoV-2) has upended several aspects of our lives, including medical activities. In this setting, many routine cancer diagnostic and therapeutic procedures have been suspended, leading to delays in diagnosis, treatments, and, ultimately, increases in cancer mortality rates. Equally drastic has been the impact of COVID-19 on clinical trials, many of which have been stalled or have never begun. This has left many patient…

Combined thoracotomy and laminectomy for spinal cavernomas with intrathoracic growth.

2007

Dumbbell shaped epidural cavernomas are uncommon lesions. Of these, the extraforaminal extension is usually limited, and the lesions are removed surgically by an extended laminectomy. We present two cases of dumbbell shaped epidural cavernomas with a considerable intrathoracic growth. They were resected through a combined thoracotomy and laminectomy. Only in the case in which a wide approach to the posterior mediastinum was performed it was possible to completely remove the lesion. Since it is possible to anticipate this histological diagnosis by the magnetic resonance imaging characteristics, we propose that a wide transthoracic approach should be performed associated to a laminectomy if a…

Mechanostructural adaptations preceding postpneumonectomy lung growth

2012

In many species, pneumonectomy results in compensatory growth in the remaining lung. Although the late mechanical consequences of murine pneumonectomy are known, little is known about the anatomic adaptations and respiratory mechanics during compensatory lung growth. To investigate the structural and mechanical changes during compensatory growth, mice were studied for 21 days after left pneumonectomy using microCT and respiratory system impedance (FlexiVent). Anatomic changes after left pneumonectomy included minimal mediastinal shift or chestwall remodeling, but significant displacement of the heart and cardiac lobe. Mean displacement of the cardiac lobe centroid was 5.2 ± 0.8 mm. Lung imp…

A BRIEF DISSECTION'S GUIDE TO NORMAL MEDIASTINAL ANATOMY

2019

The purpose of this article is to show the mediastinal dissection method used during the stage performed by a group of students from the Univrersity of palermo that, during the sumer of 2017, had the opportunity to spend a period of 4 weeks at the Department of Anatomy of The University of malta. The students were guided to practice dissection of some corpes to study various mediastinal organs. This experience permitted to the students to verify practically what they lernt in the books, and reperesented a unique opportunity for them to perform practice with cadavers, that is actually very difficult to do in italian universities.

Resection of a giant mediastinal leiomyosarcoma

2019

ABSTRACT Primary leiomyosarcomas of the lung are rare tumors. We report a case of 49-year-old female with history of cough, breathless at rest, right sided chest pain. Chest CT showed a huge (16 cm) mediastinal mass located on the right mediastinum encasing the right main pulmonary artery and infiltrating the main right bronchus and pericardium. The tumor was resected with combined pericardiectomy and pnemonectomy via hemiclamshell incision. This surgical access provided an adequate exposure of the chest “blind zones” and it allowed a radical and safe surgical resection of lung, pleura, pericardium and diaphragm. The final diagnosis showed a low grade differentiation leiomyosarcoma.

Functional characterisation of the first HSP110 inhibitors.

2023

Heat shock proteins are molecular chaperones highly expressed in haematological malignancies. My laboratory has shown that the heat shock protein HSP110 is a new and important therapeutic target In colorectal cancer and in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. As there were no existing inhibitors of HSP110, a screening strategy of a chemical library was carried out and allowed the identification of two molecules capable of specifically inhibiting the chaperone activity of HSP110. My thesis objective was to characterise and functionally validate these newly identified molecules in diffuse large cell B lymphomas. I have shown that one of these molecules limits the interaction of HSP110 with the SYK signall…