Search results for "mediastinum"

Relocation of an infected tracheostoma: anterior mediastinal tracheostomy as Mission:Impossible

2021

Abstract Infected tracheostomas are frequently associated with high morbidity and mortality rates—especially in patients after neck-oncological surgery with subsequent radiochemotherapy. A 59-year-old male patient with a history of hypopharynx carcinoma, successive laryngectomy and adjuvant radiochemotherapy developed an oesophagotracheal fistula with massive inflammation and periodical bleedings, uncontrollable by regular stent alternations. In a multidisciplinary setting, the decision was made to treat the patient with an anterior mediastinal tracheostomy. Extending usual anterior mediastinal tracheostomy indications, we present an ultimate treatment option for infected tracheostomas and …

Subcutaneous emphysema, pneumomediastinum and pneumoperitoneum after diagnostic colonoscopy for ulcerative colitis: a rare but possible complication …

2010

Dear Editor: Colonoscopy is regarded as a safe procedure, but complications may occur. The most dreaded are perforation and massive bleeding of the colon. The incidence of perforation is low but, despite increased experience with the procedure, it remains unchanged over time and in a large population study ranges from 0.6 to 1 per 1.000 procedures, depending on the centre and the data source. Few studies have assessed risk factors for colonoscopy-related bleeding and perforation. Gatto et al. have reported that there was a significant trend in the incidence of perforation with increasing age, people aged 75 years or older having a fourfold risk as compared to those aged 65–69 years; same re…

Pneumomediastinum and pneumopericardium due to malignant subcarinal lymphadenopathy: CT demonstration

1997

A 52-year-old man had been treated for oral cancer T3 N0 M0 by radical surgery, neck dissection on the right and cervical irradiation (60 Gy). Two months after therapy he presented with dysphagia and hemoptysis. Admission chest X-ray revealed a pneumopericardium. It was caused by a bronchomediastinal fistula due to necrotic metastatic lymph nodes as shown by CT, which also revealed a concomitant pneumomediastinum. The patient died 10 days later from pneumonia. The CT findings were confirmed at autopsy. We conclude that malignant mediastinal lymphadenopathy is a potential cause of pneumopericardium and pneumomediastinum.

Fatal venous air embolism: proof and volumetry by helical CT

1995

Transesophageal Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration

2011

Lungenfunktion nach Bestrahlung bei pädiatrisch-onkologischen Patienten

2008

Lung function tests were performed in 22 children and juveniles who had received radiotherapy to the lungs, an average of 9.5 years previously, for tumour (14 with Hodgkin's disease [aged 7-22 years], 4 with malignant non-Hodgkin lymphoma [aged 6-14 years], 3 with Wilms tumour [4-6 years], and one with Ewing's sarcoma [aged 16 years]). All three patients who, as young children, had had radiotherapy to both lungs because of a Wilms tumour with multiple lung metastases had restrictive disorders of lung function. Four of 12 after treatment of Hodgkin's disease and one of two after malignant non-Hodgkin lymphoma and extensive thoracic irradiation developed a restrictive disorder of pulmonary fu…

Cellular schwannoma of the retroperitoneum with cystic degeneration, mimicking an ovarian cyst, with CKAE1/AE3 and desmin expression.

2014

Schwannoma is an encapsulated benign tumour usually presenting as a solitary mass on the flexor surfaces of the extremities, neck, mediastinum, posterior spinal roots and cerebellopontine angle, an...

Mediastinal lymph node staging with transesophageal echography in cancer of the lung.

1990

Transesophageal echography (TEE) was used prospectively to study mediastinal lymph node enlargement in 23 patients with cancer of the lung. The findings were validated blindly by comparison with computed tomography (CT, n = 23) and pathological N classification after curative surgery (n = 9). Lymph nodes larger than 1 cm were defined as pathologically enlarged. In the upper mediastinum, 22% (8 vs 36), in the lower mediastinum including the subaortic region 112% (37 vs 33) and in the hilar region 67% (6 vs 9) of enlarged lymph nodes diagnosed by CT were detected by TEE. A pathological study in 9 patients demonstrated true positive findings in 2 vs 1, true negatives in 4 vs 5, false positives…

The use of video-assisted thoracic surgery in the management of Pancoast tumours

2010

We describe our experience using video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) as an adjunct to the surgical management of Pancoast tumors. Between March 2004 and November 2009, 13 patients with Pancoast tumors were included in this study. Surgery was performed by positioning the patient to allow either an anterior or a posterior thoracotomy. VATS was employed to explore the pleural cavity, to optimize the surgical access and as an assistance during surgical resection. Three patients with pleural carcinosis at thoracoscopy did not undergo further surgery. Seven lobectomies and three wedge resections were performed with an en bloc chest-wall resection and mediastinal lymphadenectomy. The surgical a…

The 2021 WHO Classification of Tumors of the Thymus and Mediastinum: What Is New in Thymic Epithelial, Germ Cell, and Mesenchymal Tumors?

2022

Abstract This overview of the fifth edition of the WHO classification of thymic epithelial tumors (including thymomas, thymic carcinomas, and thymic neuroendocrine tumors [NETs]), mediastinal germ cell tumors, and mesenchymal neoplasms aims to (1) list established and new tumor entities and subtypes and (2) focus on diagnostic, molecular, and conceptual advances since publication of the fourth edition in 2015. Diagnostic advances are best exemplified by the immunohistochemical characterization of adenocarcinomas and the recognition of genetic translocations in metaplastic thymomas, rare B2 and B3 thymomas, and hyalinizing clear cell carcinomas. Advancements at the molecular and tumor biolog…