Search results for "medicago truncatula"

Caractérisation biochimique, physiologique et moléculaire de différents génotypes de Medicago truncatula

2017

Engineering school; Des études de l’interaction entre la légumineuse modèle Medicago truncatula (Mt) avec l’oomycète Aphanomyces euteiches (Ae) ont montré que la glutamine accumulée dans les racines infectées pourrait être un marqueur de sensibilité à ce pathogène végétal. Pour mieux comprendre le rôle de la glutamine dans la résistance de Mt à Ae,nous avons essayé de doser la glutamine racinaire avec un kit de dosage. D’autre part, nous avons analysé l’impact d’une dose sublétale d’un inhibiteur de la glutamine synthétase (enzyme responsable de la synthèse de glutamine chez les plantes) sur le développement de différents génotypes de Mt. Enfin nous nous sommes intéressés à lacapacité de Mt…

Etude de l'importance du transfert de sulfate au sein des nodosités pour la synthèse des peptides NCR riche en cystéine nécessaire à la différenciati…

2018

A new conceptual framework shows that plant genotype and soil nitrogen availability modify both plant nutritional strategies and diversity of their a…

2015

In the context of sustainable agriculture, it is desirable to lower the input of mineral fertilizers. Therefore, we need to select ‘new’ genotypes that are both adapted to ‘low fertilizer inputs’ and more efficient in nutrient use. A better understanding of plant-microbe interactions under low input of fertilizers is now needed. Nevertheless, in microbial ecology, conceptual frameworks or models are used to analyse plant-microbe interactions but plant phenotype is currently viewed as a “black box”. We developed a new conceptual framework to study plant-microbe interactions using a multidisciplinary approach combining Microbial Ecology and Plant Ecophysiology.The links among plant genotype, …

Getting to the symbiotic proteome of Medicago truncatula

2000

Sulfate transporters in the plant’s response to drought and salinity: regulation and possible functions

2014

International audience; Drought and salinity are two frequently combined abiotic stresses that affect plant growth, development, and crop productivity. Sulfate, and molecules derived from this anion such as glutathione, play important roles in the intrinsic responses of plants to such abiotic stresses. Therefore, understanding how plants facing environmental constraints re-equilibrate the flux of sulfate between and within different tissues might uncover perspectives for improving tolerance against abiotic stresses. In this review, we took advantage of genomics and post-genomics resources available in Arabidopsis thaliana and in the model legume species Medicago truncatula to highlight and …

Mtha1, a Plasma Membrane H+-ATPase Gene fromMedicago truncatula,Shows Arbuscule-Specific Induced Expression in Mycorrhizal Tissue

2002

: Transport processes between plant and fungal cells are key elements in arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM), where H+-ATPases are considered to be involved in active uptake of nutrients from the symbiotic interface. Genes encoding H+-ATPases were identified in the genome of Medicago truncatula and three cDNA fragments of the H+-ATPase gene family (Mtha1 - 3) were obtained by RT-PCR using RNA from M. truncatula mycorrhizal roots as template. While Mtha2 and Mtha3 appeared to be constitutively expressed in roots and unaffected by AM development, transcripts of Mtha1 could only be detected in AM tissues and not in controls. Further analyses by RT-PCR revealed that Mtha1 transcripts are not detectable …

Validation and application of a PCR primer set to quantify fungal communities in the soil environment by real-time quantitative PCR

2011

Fungi constitute an important group in soil biological diversity and functioning. However, characterization and knowledge of fungal communities is hampered because few primer sets are available to quantify fungal abundance by real-time quantitative PCR (real-time Q-PCR). The aim in this study was to quantify fungal abundance in soils by incorporating, into a real-time Q-PCR using the SYBRGreen (R) method, a primer set already used to study the genetic structure of soil fungal communities. To satisfy the real-time Q-PCR requirements to enhance the accuracy and reproducibility of the detection technique, this study focused on the 18S rRNA gene conserved regions. These regions are little affec…

Technical improvements for analysis of recalcitrant proteins by LC-MS : the mycorrhiza responsive membrane proteome as a case study

2012

Arbuscular mycorrhizas (AM) are widespread symbiotic associations between plant roots and AM fungi. Deep membrane alterations are the foremost morphological changes occurring in the host plant in response to AM symbiosis. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) is the workhorse method in AM proteomics. Membrane proteins are under-represented in 2-DE because of their hydrophobicity, low abundance, and precipitation at their isoelectric point, thereby few are the identified membrane proteins involved in sustaining the AM symbiosis. Membrane proteomics is still challenging due to 2-DE related shortcomings, however latest trends and advancements in mass spectrometry (MS)-based quantitative p…

Use of translational genomics to identify genes important for legume seed filling

2013

International audience; Translational genomics, i.e., the transfer of genetic information from model species to cultivated crops, is on the brink of revolutionizing plant breeding. The recent publication of genomic sequences for several cultivated legumes is also accelerating this process. For pea, recent highthroughput RNA sequencing, and the prospect of a genome sequencing project, will further accelerate the transfer of information from the Medicago truncatula model to the cultivated crop. We have been using genomics approaches with Medicago as a tool to identify key genes determining seed yield and composition in closely related legumes. Analyses of the proteome and transcriptome of the…

Identification of mycorrhiza-regulated genes with arbuscule development-related expression profile

2004

Suppressive subtractive hybridisation was applied to the analysis of late stage arbuscular mycorrhizal development in pea. 96 cDNA clones were amplified and 81, which carried fragments more than 200 nt in size, were sequence analysed. Among 67 unique fragments, 10 showed no homology and 10 were similar to sequences with unknown function. RNA accumulation of the corresponding 67 genes was analysed by hybridisation of macro-arrays. The cDNAs used as probes were derived from roots of wild type and late mutant pea genotypes, inoculated or not with the AM fungus Glomus mosseae. After calibration, a more than 2.5-fold mycorrhiza-induced RNA accumulation was detected in two independent experiments…