Search results for "medical physics"

showing 10 items of 579 documents

Improved inter-observer agreement of an expert review panel in an oncology treatment trial--Insights from a structured interventional process.

2015

Abstract Purpose Oncologic imaging is a key for successful cancer treatment. While the quality assurance (QA) of image acquisition protocols has already been focussed, QA of reading and reporting offers still room for improvement. The latter was addressed in the context of a prospective multicentre trial on fluoro-deoxyglucose (FDG)–positron-emission tomography (PET)/CT-based chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Material and methods An expert panel was prospectively installed performing blinded reviews of mediastinal NSCLC involvement in FDG–PET/CT. Due to a high initial reporting inter-observer disagreement, the independent data monitoring committee (I…

Cancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyLung NeoplasmsContext (language use)Sensitivity and SpecificityDouble-Blind MethodFluorodeoxyglucose F18Carcinoma Non-Small-Cell LungOutcome Assessment Health CaremedicineData monitoring committeeHumansMedical physicsObserver VariationPET-CTmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryReproducibility of ResultsChemoradiotherapyClinical trialOncologyPositron emission tomographyPositron-Emission TomographyRadiologybusinessTomography X-Ray ComputedQuality assuranceKappaChemoradiotherapyEuropean journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990)
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Corrigendum to Preclinical models for precision oncology. BBACAN 1870/2 (2018) 239–246

2019

Cancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyOncologybusiness.industryPrecision oncologyGeneticsmedicineMedical physicsbusinessBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer
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Overview of Prognostic Systems for Hepatocellular Carcinoma and ITA.LI.CA External Validation of MESH and CNLC Classifications

2021

Simple Summary This review proposes a comprehensive overview of the main prognostic systems for HCC classified as prognostic scores, staging systems, or combined systems. Prognostic systems for HCC are usually compared in terms of homogeneity, monotonicity of gradients, and discrimination ability. However, despite the great number of published studies comparing HCC prognostic systems, it is rather difficult to identify a system that could be universally accepted as the best prognostic scheme for all HCC patients encountered in clinical practice. In order to give a contribute in this topic, we conducted a study aimed at externally validate the MESH score and the CNLC classification using the…

Cancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyReviewlcsh:RC254-282Prognostic score03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinemedicineIn patientMedical physicsStaging systemmonotonicity of gradientsSettore MED/12 - Gastroenterologiadiscrimination ability; hepatocellular carcinoma; homogeneity; monotonicity of gradients; prognostic performance; prognostic systembusiness.industryprognostic systemExternal validationMono-tonicity of gradienthepatocellular carcinomamedicine.diseaselcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensSettore MED/18homogeneityOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisHepatocellular carcinomaPopulation data030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyGeneral healthdiscrimination abilityLiver dysfunctionbusinessprognostic performanceCancers
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Nucleation and cavitation in parahydrogen

2012

We have used a density functional approach to investigate thermal homogeneous nucleation and cavitation in parahydrogen. The effect of electrons as seeds of heterogeneous cavitation in liquid parahydrogen is also discussed within the capillary model. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

CavitationMetastable phasesChemistryCapillary actionPhysics::Medical PhysicsNucleationGeneral Physics and AstronomyElectronPhysics::Classical PhysicsSpin isomers of hydrogenPhysics::Fluid DynamicsPhysics::Plasma PhysicsHomogeneousChemical physicsCavitationThermalPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersNucleationPhysical chemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryLiquid parahydrogen
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Photochemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization of heteronuclear singlet order

2021

Photochemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization (photo-CIDNP) is a method to hyperpolarize nuclear spins using light. In most cases, CIDNP experiments are performed in high magnetic fields and the sample is irradiated by light inside a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometer. Here we demonstrate photo-CIDNP hyperpolarization generated in the Earth's magnetic field and under zero- to ultralow-field (ZULF) conditions. Irradiating a sample containing tetraphenylporphyrin and para-benzoquinone for several seconds with light-emitting diodes produces strong hyperpolarization of 1H and 13C nuclear spins, enhancing the NMR signals more than 200 times. The hyperpolarized spin states at th…

Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)Materials scienceSpin statesSpinsField (physics)CIDNPPhysics::Medical PhysicsFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPolarization (waves)7. Clean energy01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesMagnetic fieldHeteronuclear moleculePhysics - Chemical Physicsddc:530General Materials ScienceSinglet statePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physics0210 nano-technology
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Benefits of computer screen-based simulation in learning cardiac arrest procedures

2010

Medical Education 2010: 44: 716–722 Objectives  What is the best way to train medical students early so that they acquire basic skills in cardiopulmonary resuscitation as effectively as possible? Studies have shown the benefits of high-fidelity patient simulators, but have also demonstrated their limits. New computer screen-based multimedia simulators have fewer constraints than high-fidelity patient simulators. In this area, as yet, there has been no research on the effectiveness of transfer of learning from a computer screen-based simulator to more realistic situations such as those encountered with high-fidelity patient simulators. Methods  We tested the benefits of learning cardiac arre…

Class (computer programming)medicine.medical_specialtybusiness.industrymedicine.medical_treatmentLearning environmenteducationGeneral MedicineEducationTest (assessment)Basic skillsMedicineMedical physicsCardiopulmonary resuscitationClinical competencebusinessPatient simulationTransfer of learningMedical Education
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Development of an MCDA framework for evaluation and positioning of oncological treatments in clinical practice.

2019

95 Background: Ensuring that effective innovations are accessible in a timely and affordable manner to all cancer patients is a challenge that stakeholders face today. Several oncology frameworks (ASCO, ESMO, ICER, NCCN) have been developed to define and quantify the value of oncological therapies to support clinicians and patients at the time of selection and as a basis for decision-making. However, current frameworks only define treatment value in terms of clinical benefit, creating a need for one that allows holistic evaluation of treatments and supports decision-making in clinical practice. The ECO Foundation led this study to develop a reflective multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA…

Clinical PracticeCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyOncologybusiness.industryMedicineCancerMedical physicsMultiple-criteria decision analysisbusinessmedicine.diseaseJournal of Clinical Oncology
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7 Tesla MRI will soon be helpful to guide clinical practice in multiple sclerosis centres – No

2021

Clinical Practicemedicine.medical_specialtyText miningNeurologybusiness.industryMultiple sclerosisMEDLINEMedicine7 tesla mriMedical physicsNeurology (clinical)businessmedicine.diseaseMultiple Sclerosis Journal
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87 Topical Seminar Summary: QUANTITATIVE SENSORY TESTING (QST) IN PAIN MEDICINE: WHAT IS ITS VALUE IN CLINICAL PRACTICE?

2006

Clinical Practicemedicine.medical_specialtyVeterinary medicineAnesthesiology and Pain Medicinebusiness.industryPain medicineQuantitative sensory testingmedicineAlternative medicineMedical physicsbusinessValue (mathematics)European Journal of Pain
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VIII: Statistik in klinischen Publikationen: Checklisten für Autoren

2003

The "Material and Methods" section of clinical research papers should reference major aspects concerning statistical planning and evaluation of the study design and the resulting clinical data. Particular focus is laid on the listing of methods for description and significance evaluation of the trial data, as well as on design-associated study determinants (randomisation and masking strategy, response rate evaluation, primary endpoints, power and sample size determination, multiple testing, software and methods for statistical analysis). Suggestions for the minimum content to be mentioned in a trial publication are listed in author check lists and are illustrated by means of the study synop…

Clinical trialOphthalmologymedicine.medical_specialtyComputer scienceSample size determinationMultiple comparisons problemmedicineMedical physicsStatistical analysisKlinische Monatsblätter für Augenheilkunde
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