Search results for "medicine.drug_class"
showing 10 items of 2726 documents
The effects of experimentally manipulated yolk androgens on growth and immune function of male and female nestling collared flycatchers Ficedula albi…
2009
Hormone-mediated maternal effects may be an important mechanism for adjusting offspring phenotype to particular requirements of the environment. We manipulated the levels of testosterone and androstenedione in the yolk of collared flycatcher Ficedula albicollis eggs to investigate the effects of pre-natal exposure to androgens on growth and immune function. Androgen treatment tended to reduce the growth of males, and enhance the growth of females, as indicated by significant interaction between sex and androgen treatment. Cellular immune function was not affected by androgen treatment or sex. Survival of nestlings until fledging was not related to androgen treatment. Our results indicate th…
Maintenance of anticoagulant and antiplatelet agents for patients undergoing vitreoretinal surgery
2010
International audience; Purpose: To establish the prevalence of anticoagulant, aspirin, and clopidogrel use in patients undergoing vitreoretinal surgery, and to compare the outcome of peribulbar anesthesia between users and non‐users. Methods: We conducted a retrospective case series in one academic center between January and June 2009. We analyzed the chart of 239 eyes who underwent posterior segment surgery with peribulbar anesthesia. No changes in the anticoagulant regimen were made prior to surgery. We divided patients into 7 groups: group 1: patients with no anticoagulants and 6 groups defined according to the type of anticoagulant or antiplatelet medication. Results: 239 eyes (206 pat…
Pre-operative diclofenac HPβCD for pain control of needle biopsy in musculoskeletal neoplasm: preliminary results.
2015
Needle biopsy is the main standard method used for diagnosis of musculoskeletal tumors of the limbs and superficial trunk. Pain control during this procedure is through the use of Local Anaestetic (L.A.). In order to achieve a complete pain control in our cases, recently we started using diclofenac HPβCD 50 mg via s.c. preoperativly. We present the clinical results of a non-randomized study of two eterogeneous groups of patients: "Experimental" Group (1): diclofenac HPβCD 50 mg via s.c. one hour before surgical procedure, local anesthesia and ev. diclofenac HPβCD 50 mg via s.c. 12 hours postoperative; "Conventional" Group (2): local anesthesia and ev. postoperative tramadol 100 mg via oral …
INT-009 Pharmacokinetics of linezolid and meropenem in intensive care unit patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy
2016
Background Intensive care unit (ICU) patients often suffer from infections and acute renal failure and might need continuous renal replacement therapy commonly applied by veno-venous hemodialysis (CVVHD) or hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF). In this case there are no dosage recommendations in the product informations of antibiotics and literature data are scarce. The risk for therapy failure, development of resistance and adverse drug effects is elevated. Purpose Aim of the presented study was to find out if standard therapy of Linezolid (LZ) and Meropenem (MP) results in adequate plasma levels in surgical ICU patients receiving CVVHD(F). Materials and Methods Surgical ICU patients receiving CVVHD…
1012 – Evaluation of a risk-scale for anticholinergic side-effects in elderly psychiatric inpatients
2013
Introduction Many commonly prescribed drugs have anticholinergic properties which can induce side-effects e.g. delirium, especially in an ageing brain with increased sensitivity. Risk-assessment before starting therapy may prevent such sideeffects. Objectives We rated anticholinergic pharmacological properties of prescribed medication and compared the theoretical risk with side-effects in clinical practice. Aims The scale should improve the safety of pharmacotherapy in gerontopsychiatry. Methods Based on five publications that considered anticholinergic properties of drugs, a risk-scale was established. Riskpoints for all drugs were summarized to a total score. Patients were selected from T…
Minimalheparinisierung bei Dialysepatienten mit erhöhter Blutungsgefährdung
2008
Abstract In 78 patients (47 men, 31 women; mean age 53 [22-78] years) 174 dialyses were undertaken within one week of a bleeding episode or a diagnostic or therapeutic procedure which may cause bleeding. Minimal anticoagulation with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) was the aim, using a biocompatible dialyser. During the dialysis coagulation was controlled by global tests (Quick value/international normalized ratio [INR], partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time, antifactor Xa activity), by molecular markers of clotting activity (thrombin-antithrombin III complex [TAT], D-dimers), as well as measurement of elastase (elastase-alpha 1-protein inhibitor complex). The LMWH dosage averaged 9…
Letter by Barco et al Regarding Article, "Restarting Anticoagulant Therapy After Intracranial Hemorrhage: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"
2017
We read with interest the systematic review and meta-analysis authored by Murthy et al1 that appeared in Stroke . The authors studied the efficacy and safety of anticoagulant resumption after nontraumatic intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) and showed that resumption was associated with a lower risk of arterial thromboembolism but a similar risk of recurrent ICH. We do have some comments on their interpretation of the results. First, all the included studies had a retrospective design and, therefore, are characterized by heterogeneity in treatment regimens and timing of anticoagulation restart. As the authors argue in their discussion, location matters for the risk of recurrent ICH: lobar bleedin…
Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin for Acute Kidney Injury During Acute Heart Failure Hospitalizations
2016
AbstractBackground: Worsening renal function (WRF) often occurs during acute heart failure (AHF) and can portend adverse outcomes; therefore, early identification may help mitigate risk. Neutrophil...
Role of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) for prognosis in endometrial cancer
2007
Abstract Background. Urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) contribute to the invasiveness of many carcinomas. Here, we studied a possible association between cytosolic uPA and PA-1 concentrations in tumor tissue with prognosis in patients with endometrial cancer. Methods. Cytosolic concentrations of uPA and PAI-1 were determined in 69 primary endothelial adenocarcinomas using an enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). A possible influence of uPA and PAI-1 was studied by multivariate Cox regression adjusting for the established clinical prognostic factors FIGO-stage, grading, depth of invasion, diabetes mellitus and age. Results. Both uPA ( …
Clinical pharmacokinetics of atenolol — A review
1982
Atenolol is a hydrophilic betareceptor blocking drug, which is predominantly eliminated via the kidneys, only about 5% of the atenolol is metabolised by the liver. After oral administration atenolol is incompletely absorbed from the intestine, so about 50% of the beta blocker are finally biovailable. In plasma only 3% of atenolol are protein-bound. There exists a linear relationship between the atenolol plasma levels and the degree of beta blocking effect measured by inhibition of the exercise-induced tachycardia. No correlation was found between plasma levels of atenolol and blood pressure lowering activity of the drug. After oral administration elimination half life of atenolol is calcula…