Search results for "medium"

showing 10 items of 3746 documents

Peculiarities of luminescent properties of cerium doped YAG transparent nanoceramics

2010

Abstract Optical and luminescence properties of transparent nanosized cerium doped Y 3 Al 5 O 12 (YAG:Ce) ceramics have been studied. YAG:Ce nanoceramics were obtained by means of low temperature and high pressure (LTHP) sintering method. Nanoceramic samples were sintered in the 2–8 GPa pressure range, whereas Ce 3+ concentration was varied in the 0.5–5 at. % range. It is shown that, in contrast to the single crystal, a strong rise of absorption coefficient was detected already at wavelength shorter than 400 nm in all nanoceramic samples studied. Furthermore, in nanoceramic samples unusual UV emission band near 3.1 eV was observed, which is not observed in the YAG:Ce single crystal. High pr…

RadiationMaterials scienceDopingAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementSinteringMineralogyNanoceramicCeriumchemistryAttenuation coefficientvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumCeramicLuminescenceInstrumentationSingle crystalRadiation Measurements
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Structural investigation of e-beam cured epoxy resins through solid state NMR

2012

Abstract In this paper the network structure of e-beam cured DGEBF based epoxy resins is investigated. Two epoxy systems, having different reactivity and cured in different process conditions, were analyzed through solid state NMR spectroscopy. The analysis shows that the more reactive system has higher cross-linking density and higher uniformity of network distribution. Similar information were obtained, in a previous work, on the same systems through dynamic mechanical thermal analysis. It is worth noting that unlike DMTA tests, which interfere with the molecular structure of the analyzed material, due to the heating during the analysis itself, more reliable information, without any artef…

RadiationMaterials scienceEpoxy resin E-beam curing Network structure Dynamic-mechanical–thermal analysis Solid statenuclearmagneticresonanceEpoxyDynamic mechanical analysisSolid-state nuclear magnetic resonancevisual_artPolymer chemistryvisual_art.visual_art_mediumElectron beam processingMoleculeReactivity (chemistry)Composite materialThermal analysisSpectroscopyRadiation Physics and Chemistry
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Crystal Data for Metal Cimetidine Isotiocionates: M(CM)2(NCS)2 (M = Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II))

1992

AbstractMetal cimetidine isothiocyanates, M(C10H16SN6)2(NCS)2, where M = Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II), have been investigated by means of X-ray powder diffraction. Unit cell dimensions were determined from powder diffractometer data. Refined cell parameters (monoclinic with a primitive cell), powder data, calculated densities and Z value are presented.

RadiationMaterials scienceInorganic chemistryPrimitive cellCondensed Matter PhysicsMetalCrystallographyPowder DiffractometerCrystal datavisual_artmedicinevisual_art.visual_art_mediumGeneral Materials ScienceCimetidineInstrumentationPowder diffractionmedicine.drugMonoclinic crystal systemPowder Diffraction
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Crystal Data for Complexes of Co(II) and Ni(II) Perchlorates with Mepirizole

1992

AbstractMetal mepirizole perchlorates, M(C11H14N4O2)3 (C104)2 where M = Co(II) and Ni(II) have been investigated by means of X-ray powder diffraction. Unit cell dimensions were determined by indexing programs from diffractometer data. Refined cell parameters (monoclinic with a C-centered cell), calculated density and Z values are presented.

RadiationMaterials scienceMepirizoleCondensed Matter PhysicsMetalCrystallographyCrystal datavisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumGeneral Materials ScienceInstrumentationPowder diffractionDiffractometerMonoclinic crystal systemPowder Diffraction
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Powder diffraction analysis of gemstone inclusions

2011

Gemstones are pieces of materials that once cut and polished are used as jewels or adornments. Gemstones may be single crystal (such as diamonds), polycrystalline (such as lapis lazuli), or amorphous (such as amber). In any case, gems may have inclusions that may yield a variety of optic effects. It is also important to unravel the crystal structure of the inclusion(s) in order to determine the origin of the gem and to help to understand their formation mechanism. Here, we expand the use of powder diffraction to identify crystalline inclusions in bulk gemstones highlighting Mo Kα radiation to penetrate within compact gems. Initially, rock crystal quartz with rutile needles was investigated …

RadiationMaterials scienceMetallurgyHematiteMoss agateCondensed Matter PhysicsCrystallographyvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumGemstoneGeneral Materials ScienceInclusion (mineral)InstrumentationQuartzSingle crystalPowder diffractionAventurinePowder Diffraction
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Radiation curing of carbon fibre composites

2014

Epoxy/carbon fibre reinforced composites were produced by means of e-beam irradiation through a pulsed 10 MeV electron beam accelerator. The matrix consisted of a difunctional epoxy monomer (DGEBA) and an initiator of cationic polymerisation, while the reinforcement was a unidirectional high modulus carbon fibre fabric. Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis was carried out in order to determine the cross-linking degree. The analysis pointed out a nonuniformity in the cross-linking degree of the e-beam cured panels, with the formation of clusters at low Tg (glass transition temperature) and clusters at high Tg. An out-of-mould post irradiation thermal treatment on e-beam cured samples provides…

RadiationMaterials scienceModulusThermal treatmentEpoxyFracture toughnessvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumSettore CHIM/07 - Fondamenti Chimici Delle TecnologieComposite materialGlass transitionThermal analysisBeam (structure)Curing (chemistry)Carbon fibre reinforced epoxy resin Radiation curingDynamic mechanical thermal analysisDelamination fracture toughness
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Effect of Mechanoactivation on Interfacial Interaction in Metal/Oxide Systems

2006

Properties of interfaces in solid state metal/oxide joints (Al/SiO2, Al/MgO, Al/glass, Mg/MgO, Mg/SiO2, In/glass etc.) are reported. The interfaces were formed by plastic deformation of metal on the oxide surface at room temperature. Their structure, chemical composition, and micromechanical properties were studied by the AFM, XRD, SIMS, optical microscopy, and precision microindentation techniques. A noticeable adhesion was observed for metals with high affinity for oxygen and only in the regions of the maximum shear stress. Formation of an interfacial reaction zone with an oxygen concentration gradient is detected. In this zone metals are nanostructured and noticeably hardened. The effect…

RadiationMaterials scienceNanostructureMetallurgyOxidechemistry.chemical_elementAdhesionCondensed Matter PhysicsOxygenlaw.inventionMetalchemistry.chemical_compoundOptical microscopechemistryChemical engineeringlawvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumGeneral Materials ScienceLimiting oxygen concentrationChemical compositionDefect and Diffusion Forum
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Stimulated luminescence of AlN ceramics induced by ultraviolet radiation

2001

Abstract Properties of thermally stimulated luminescence (TL) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) of the ceramic material AlN-Y 2 O 3 have been studied after exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR). The dosemeter material Al 2 O 3 : C has been used for comparative measurements. The spectral sensitivity of the samples has been studied and compared with spectral effectiveness of the UVR-induced biological processes. It has been shown that a very high yield and linear dose response characterise the UVR-induced TL from AlN-Y 2 O 3 . Although lower than the TL, the OSL signal from UV-exposed AlN-Y 2 O 3 is still higher than that of Al 2 O 3  : C in a broad spectral region. The possibilit…

RadiationMaterials scienceOptically stimulated luminescencebusiness.industryAnalytical chemistryThermoluminescenceSpectral sensitivityvisual_artYield (chemistry)visual_art.visual_art_mediumOptoelectronicsDosimetryCeramicIrradiationbusinessLuminescenceInstrumentationRadiation Measurements
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The influence of the processing temperature on gamma curing of epoxy resins for the production of advanced composites

2007

Abstract Gamma radiation curing of an epoxy monomer, in the presence of an iodonium salt, as initiator, is studied. Systems have been polymerized at the same irradiation dose and dose rate and at different processing temperatures. The experimental results show that all the irradiated materials exhibit a latent reactivity, undergoing toward an increase of crosslinking density if they are thermally cured after irradiation. The results indicate that the processing temperature affects both the crosslinking density after irradiation and the sensibility to the post-irradiation thermal treatment.

RadiationMaterials scienceProcessing temperaturetechnology industry and agricultureRadiation curingmacromolecular substancesEpoxyThermal treatmentchemistry.chemical_compoundMonomerchemistryPolymerizationChemical engineeringvisual_artAdvanced composite materialsPolymer chemistryvisual_art.visual_art_mediumEpoxy resinIrradiationDose rateCuring (chemistry)
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Electron beam induced polymerisation of MMA in the presence of rubber: a novel process to produce tough materials

2002

Abstract PMMA-rubber blends are formed through electron beam induced in situ polymerisation. The influence of rubber nature and irradiation dose has been investigated through mechanical tensile tests, solubility analysis and the results were related to material structure investigated through atomic force microscopy. Some blend formulations present a significant increase of ductility with respect to pure PMMA, without a dramatic decrease of modulus, yield stress and stress at break values. The results are interpreted on the basis of the criterion of the critical inter-particle thickness.

RadiationMaterials sciencetechnology industry and agricultureModulusbody regionsStress (mechanics)Natural rubberPolymerizationvisual_artPolymer chemistryUltimate tensile strengthvisual_art.visual_art_mediumIrradiationComposite materialSolubilityDuctilityRadiation Physics and Chemistry
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