Search results for "meme"
showing 10 items of 101 documents
Molecular phylogenetics of Melastomataceae and Memecylaceae: implications for character evolution
2001
Melastomataceae are among the most abundant and diversified groups of plants throughout the tropics, but their intrafamily relationships and morphological evolution are poorly understood. Here we report the results of parsimony and maximum likelihood (ML) analyses of cpDNA sequences from the rbcL and ndhF genes and the rpl16 intron, generated for eight outgroups (Crypteroniaceae, Alzateaceae, Rhynchocalycaceae, Oliniaceae, Penaeaceae, Myrtaceae, and Onagraceae) and 54 species of melastomes. The sample represents 42 of the family’s currently recognized ~150 genera, the 13 traditional tribes, and the three subfamilies, Astronioideae, Melastomatoideae, and Memecyloideae (= Memecylaceae DC.). P…
The metaphorical species: Evolution, adaptation and speciation of metaphors
2015
Studying cartoons about the economic crisis and focusing on a pair of scissors as a symbol, I prove how they first turn into unambiguous metaphor for the economic crisis and then experience an evolution in order to adapt to new communication contexts. Along these processes, they undergo more complex changes such as coadaptation and speciation. This has allowed for the scissors meme as a symbol of economic cutbacks to permeate society, and for its metaphorical use to occupy many disparate communication scenarios, unlike other symbolic elements that were also used, but turned out to be less cognitively efficient and therefore offered fewer evolutionary possibilities.
Modelling the Effects of Internal Textures on Symmetry Detection Using Fuzzy Operators
2009
Symmetry is a crucial dimension which aids the visual system, human as well as artificial, to organize its environment and to recognize forms and objects. In humans, detection of symmetry, especially bilateral and rotational, is considered to be a primary factor for discovering and interacting with the surrounding environment. Rotational symmetry detecting can be affected by less-known factors, such as the stimulus internal texture. This paper explores how fuzzy operators can be usefully employed in modeling the effects of the internal texture on symmetry detection. To this aim, we selected two symmetry detection algorithms, based on different computational models, and compared their output…
Memetic Algorithms in Continuous Optimization
2012
Intuitively, a set is considered to be discrete if it is composed of isolated elements, whereas it is considered to be continuous if it is composed of infinite and contiguous elements and does not contain “holes”.
Disturbed Exploitation compact Differential Evolution for Limited Memory Optimization Problems
2011
This paper proposes a novel and unconventional Memetic Computing approach for solving continuous optimization problems characterized by memory limitations. The proposed algorithm, unlike employing an explorative evolutionary framework and a set of local search algorithms, employs multiple exploitative search within the main framework and performs a multiple step global search by means of a randomized perturbation of the virtual population corresponding to a periodical randomization of the search for the exploitative operators. The proposed Memetic Computing approach is based on a populationless (compact) evolutionary framework which, instead of processing a population of solutions, handles …
Visual Humor through Internet Memes (II) From harmless humour to the discriminatory potential of (anti)memes. Case Study: “The Transgender Bathroom D…
2020
After pointing out - in the first part of this study - the persuasive quality of memes, once they are created, re-mixed and shared publicly, we attempt to further analyze and discuss the social and ethical implications of this type of humour, meant for mainstream entertainment and specific to the digital era, while insisting on the relevance of its reception; when the derision hides, in fact, hostility, the use of humour can affect the image of vulnerable groups and can contribute to the exclusion of their members. The attached case study presents and analyses anti-trans memes created and shared during a notorious legislative episode in the United States, referring to the use of gender-incl…
Poola intertekstuaalsed meemid COVID pandeemia kohta
2021
The aim of the paper is to show the Polish story of the COVID-19 pandemic as seen through a humorous looking glass. Different stages of coronavirus presence in the media and social discourse have been accompanied by the appearance and development of jokes and memes, which illustrate the rapidly changing pandemic situation. The database consists of over three hundred memes, movies, and comments collected between February and May 2020, during the pandemic humour peak, and come mainly from private WhatsApp and Facebook accounts of the researchers. The humorous material is related to introduced restrictions, changing laws, parliamentary elections, news from other affected countries as well as s…
Normalisation et individualisation de l’équipement du guerrier à l’âge du Bronze (XVIe–IXe siècle av. J.-C.) : le cas des épées et de l'armement …
2019
International audience; L'étude de la forme et de l'ornementation de l’armement offensif et défensif de l'âge du Bronze indique une standardisation des productions suivant des traditions qui varient selon la région et la période considérées. L’homogénéité de ces objets au sein d'un espace témoigne de l’adhésion, consciente ou non, des utilisateurs de ces objets à une communauté partageant une même norme et identifiable par la possession d’objets à l’identité visuelle commune, qui dépasse parfois le cadre de l’armement. Ces caractères standardisés devaient ainsi constituer une composante culturelle forte, certains utilisateurs n'hésitant pas à modifier des pièces importées afin de les adapte…
Split-Delivery Capacitated Arc-Routing Problem: Lower Bound and Metaheuristic
2010
International audience; This paper proposes lower and upper bounds for the split-delivery capacitated arc-routing problem (SDCARP), a variant of the capacitated arc-routing problem in which an edge can be serviced by several vehicles. Recent papers on related problems in node routing have shown that this policy can bring significant savings. It is also more realistic in applications such as urban refuse collection, where a vehicle can become full in the middle of a street segment. This work presents the first lower bound for the SDCARP, computed with a cutting plane algorithm and an evolutionary local search reinforced by a multistart procedure and a variable neighborhood descent. Tests on …
Memetic Differential Evolution Frameworks in Filter Design for Defect Detection in Paper Production
2009
This chapter studies and analyzes Memetic Differential Evolution (MDE) Frameworks for designing digital filters, which aim at detecting paper defects produced during an industrial process. MDE Frameworks employ the Differential Evolution (DE) as an evolutionary framework and a list of local searchers adaptively coordinated by a control scheme. Here, three different variants of MDE are taken into account and their features and performance are compared. The binomial explorative features of the DE framework in contraposition to the exploitative features of the local searcher are analyzed in detail in light of the stagnation prevention problem, typical for the DE. Much emphasis in this chapter …