Search results for "menetelmä"
showing 10 items of 1256 documents
Efficient Bayesian generalized linear models with time-varying coefficients : The walker package in R
2020
The R package walker extends standard Bayesian general linear models to the case where the effects of the explanatory variables can vary in time. This allows, for example, to model the effects of interventions such as changes in tax policy which gradually increases their effect over time. The Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms powering the Bayesian inference are based on Hamiltonian Monte Carlo provided by Stan software, using a state space representation of the model to marginalise over the regression coefficients for efficient low-dimensional sampling.
Visual Parameter Selection for Spatial Blind Source Separation.
2022
Analysis of spatial multivariate data, i.e., measurements at irregularly-spaced locations, is a challenging topic in visualization and statistics alike. Such data are inteGral to many domains, e.g., indicators of valuable minerals are measured for mine prospecting. Popular analysis methods, like PCA, often by design do not account for the spatial nature of the data. Thus they, together with their spatial variants, must be employed very carefully. Clearly, it is preferable to use methods that were specifically designed for such data, like spatial blind source separation (SBSS). However, SBSS requires two tuning parameters, which are themselves complex spatial objects. Setting these parameter…
ECCOLA : a Method for Implementing Ethically Aligned AI Systems
2020
Various recent Artificial Intelligence (AI) system failures, some of which have made the global headlines, have highlighted issues in these systems. These failures have resulted in calls for more ethical AI systems that better take into account their effects on various stakeholders. However, implementing AI ethics into practice is still an on-going challenge. High-level guidelines for doing so exist, devised by governments and private organizations alike, but lack practicality for developers. To address this issue, in this paper, we present a method for implementing AI ethics. The method, ECCOLA, has been iteratively developed using a cyclical action design research approach. The method aim…
Can visualization alleviate dichotomous thinking? Effects of visual representations on the cliff effect
2021
Common reporting styles for statistical results in scientific articles, such as $p$ p -values and confidence intervals (CI), have been reported to be prone to dichotomous interpretations, especially with respect to the null hypothesis significance testing framework. For example when the $p$ p -value is small enough or the CIs of the mean effects of a studied drug and a placebo are not overlapping, scientists tend to claim significant differences while often disregarding the magnitudes and absolute differences in the effect sizes. This type of reasoning has been shown to be potentially harmful to science. Techniques relying on the visual estimation of the strength of evidence have been recom…
Patterns of Sociotechnical Design Preferences of Chatbots for Intergenerational Collaborative Innovation: A Q Methodology Study
2022
Chatbot technology is increasingly emerging as a virtual assistant. Chatbots could allow individuals and organizations to accomplish objectives that are currently not fully optimized for collaboration across an intergenerational context. This paper explores the preferences of chatbots as a companion in intergenerational innovation. The Q methodology was used to investigate different types of collaborators and determine how different choices occur between collaborators that merge the problem and solution domains of chatbots’ design within intergenerational settings. The study’s findings reveal that various chatbot design priorities are more diverse among younger adults than senior adults. Ad…
"Et jokainen löytäis parhaan version itsestään, niin siinähän olis jo paljon" : Ohjaamot ponnahduslautana omille unelmille koulutukseen ja työelämään…
2016
Opinnäytetyön tavoitteena oli tarkastella Ohjaamoverkoston käsityksiä siitä, miten vailla toisen asteen tutkintoa olevia nuoria voidaan tukea koulutukseen ja työelämään kiinnittymisessä. Tavoitteena oli ymmärtää niitä hyviä käytänteitä ja toimintamalleja nuorten tukemisessa, joita Ohjaamon toiminnassa käsitetään olevan. Tutkimusongelmaa lähestyttiin laadullisen tutkimuksen menetelmin fenomenografisen tutkimusotteen kautta. Tutkimusmenetelminä käytettiin sekä eläytymismenetelmää (N= 35) että teemahaastatteluita (N= 3). Aineiston analyysi pohjautui aineistolähtöiseen sisällönanalyysiin, teemoitteluun ja tyypittelyyn. Analyysin tuloksena aineistosta saatiin 13 teemaa, joista myöhemmin hahmotel…
Soveltuvuuskoe vai ei? : sosiaalialan ammattilaisten käsityksiä alansa korkeakouluopiskelijoiden ja työntekijöiden soveltuvuudesta alalle
2016
Tämän tutkimuksen tarkoituksena on selvittää sosiaalialan ammattilaisten käsityksiä alansa korkeakoulujen opiskelijavalinnasta sekä soveltuvuuskokeen tarpeesta osana opiskelijavalintoja. Tarkoituksena on myös tutkia sitä, miten opiskelijoiden ja työntekijöiden soveltumattomuus tai hyvä soveltuvuus alalle näyttäytyy koulutuksen aikana ja myöhemmin työelämässä. Sosiaalialan korkeakouluilla tarkoitetaan tässä tutkimuksessa ammattikorkeakoulujen sosionomikoulutusta sekä yliopistojen sosiaalityön koulutusta, joista ensin mainitussa opiskelijoiden soveltuvuuden testaamisella on ollut pitkään vakiintunut asema. Tarkoituksena on tuottaa uutta tietoa aiheesta, jota varsinkin Suomessa on tutkittu väh…
Löytyykö tekniikan olemus laatikoista?
2020
Kirja-arvostelu: Boxes – A Field Guide. Edited by Susanne Bauer, Martina Schlünder & Maria Rentetzi. Mattering Press, 2020.
Bioflocculation of Euglena gracilis via direct application of fungal filaments: a rapid harvesting method
2021
Funding Information: Special thanks to the US Agricultural Research Service for the provision of fungal strains. Thanks also to Dr Marilyn Wiebe (Technical Research Centre of Finland) for her expert advice on fungi and Johanna Oja for her technical help. This research was enabled by funding from The Land and Water Technology Foundation, The Finnish Cultural Foundation, and The Finnish Foundation for Technology Promotion. Publisher Copyright: © 2021, The Author(s). The high cost and environmental impact of traditional microalgal harvesting methods limit commercialization of microalgal biomass. Fungal bioflocculation of microalgae is a promising low-cost, eco-friendly method but the range of …