Search results for "mentality"
showing 10 items of 62 documents
Psychology and Management of the Workforce in Post-Stalinist Hungary
2019
Over recent years, there has been a growing academic interest in the history of psychological disciplines and mental health in the Soviet Union and eastern Europe. This article explores psychological sciences and social planning in post-Stalinist Hungary after 1956. The focus is on the psychology of work as a socially- and historically-situated discourse. The article demonstrates how psychologists started to promote their expertise to reform the practices of management and to “humanize” the conditions of work. They suggested practical remedies for everyday problems of worker motivation and social adjustment and introduced concepts from social psychology to improve the state of interpersonal…
Neutral experts or passionate participants? Renegotiating expertise and the right to act in Finnish participatory social policy
2018
This article examines a case of participatory social policy in which former beneficiaries were invited as ‘experts-by-experience’ into Finnish social welfare organisations. It combines a governmentality perspective with the analytical tools of the sociology of engagements to explore as what the projects’ participants are engaged, and how the differing demands made on their ways of being are made to appear as legitimate. The article shows how different definitions of expertise are used to steer the participants’ forms of engagement, and how these definitions appear valid only within a specific frame of justifying civic participation. It concludes that the participants’ expertise is defined i…
Constructing Appropriate Information in School Transition. Documents as Institutional Agents of Topicalising Children’s (In)Capabilities and Pedagogi…
2020
In this chapter, I investigate how school transition documentation, in addition to recording issues, also actively constructs ideas about the topical information, roles and responsibilities and, consequently, institutional reality in school transition. In a transition phase, documentation has a great potential serve as a tool for ensuring the continuity in pedagogical practices. However, documentation is often found to focus on illustrating subjectifying and problem-oriented pictures of children and their incapabilities instead of explicating pedagogical practices and professional responsibilities in transition. In this chapter, I utilise the discursive approach to analyse the ready-set tra…
Precarious Sovereignty in a Post-Liberal Europe : the Covid-19 Emergency in Estonia and Finland
2020
The paper addresses a puzzle resulting from the current global state of alert: the coronavirus pandemic brought us back to the world of the allegedly sovereign nation states with borders and national governments in charge, yet in fact, this retrieved sovereignty looks very vulnerable and precarious. We explain this controversy through a triad of concepts—sovereignty, governmentality, and post-liberalism—that we apply to an analysis of a corona-imposed state of emergency in Estonia and Finland. Based on comparative case study research, we posit that sovereignty is precarious in post-liberalism due to its large dependence on the technologies of responsibilization and agency. From a biopolitic…
Conflictual Rebordering: The Russia Policies of Finland and Estonia
2023
This article seeks to analyse the process of conflictual rebordering in the EU’s relations with Russia. The authors single out three major crises that triggered and shaped the process of toughening the border regime and the related transformations of political meaning of the EU-Russia border: the COVID-19 pandemic, the drastic deterioration of Moscow-Brussels relations in the beginning of 2021 and the war in Ukraine that started on 24 February 2022. Correspondingly, the EU’s reactions to each of these critical junctures might be described through the academic concepts of governmentality, normativity and geopolitics. Our aim is to look at the three ensuing models – governmental, normative an…
Le nuove sfide del femminismo in epoca neoliberale
2016
Il dibattito femminista attuale ha aperto un confronto con le nuove condizioni generate dalla razionalità neoliberale e sui suoi effetti su donne e uomini a livello globale. Questioni classiche, come libertà, eguaglianza, libertà di scelta e le forme attuali di soggettivazione in termini di femminilizzazione, precarizzazione, domesticazione devono essere analizzate attraverso le teorie e le pratiche della lotta femminista contro gli effetti che la governamentalità neoliberale produce sulle vite. L'articolo parte da alcuni questioni classiche del femminismo per verificare come queste possano essere problematizzate a partire dalle relazioni che intercorrono tra femminismo e neoliberalismo. To…
Foucault, pastoral power, and optics
2015
The article shows that in Foucault’s late 1970s and early 1980s analyses of pastoral, conductive power—most essentially in early and medieval Christianity—the issue of sight and visual perception recurs and occupies a crucial status. In Foucault’s discussion, these Christian relations of power, knowledge, and truth are attached with a surveying gaze that is both totalizing as well as individualizing, one that is mobilized by the thrust towards perfect visibility, transparency, and illumination of the subject turned into an object. The intention is also to develop Foucault’s analysis further, by demonstrating how Christian, providential government can be and actually has been detached from …
The EU'S Explicit and Implicit Heritage Politics
2014
During the past couple of decades, heritage has become topical in a new way in Europe as the concept has been utilized for political purposes in the EU cultural policy. The EU currently administrates or supports three initiatives – the European Heritage Days, the European Union Prize for Cultural Heritage, and the European Heritage Label – that address the fostering of the transnational European cultural heritage. The article discusses the explicit and implicit heritage politics included in these initiatives. In order to understand the constructive and generative nature of the EU heritage politics, it is approached in the article as a discursive meaning-making process consisting of several …
Glasgow ou l’Écosse urbaine dans les poèmes de Hugh MacDiarmid
2012
Hugh MacDiarmid is sometimes still thought a parochial poet, mostly interested in the depiction of rural Scotland. However, in the 1930s, he wrote several poems about the city of Glasgow but his work on urban predicaments has been largely forgotten. In his Glasgow sequence, MacDiarmid, along with many other writers in the 30s, redefines Scotland as an urban nation. Post-industrial Glasgow urges the whole country to ‘re-write’ itself and the canonical representation of rural Scotland to fade away. Scotland is mercilessly deconstructed in Glasgow 1938: Glasgow is no longer ‘a dear green place’, Scotland no longer a land of peasants but urban hell where filthy disease and dirty capitalism spre…
Gramsci e Foucault, Foucault e Gramsci
2017
The purpose of this essay is to analyze the scientific literature that has argued about the presence of possible relationships and similarities between Gramsci and Foucault. In particular, I will focus on the notions of hegemony, power, governmentality, ideology, discourse. Keywords: Hegemony; Governmentality; Power; Ideology; Discourse.