Search results for "metabolic reprogramming"

showing 4 items of 14 documents

Drp1 Controls Effective T Cell Immune-Surveillance by Regulating T Cell Migration, Proliferation, and cMyc-Dependent Metabolic Reprogramming

2018

Summary Mitochondria are key players in the regulation of T cell biology by dynamically responding to cell needs, but how these dynamics integrate in T cells is still poorly understood. We show here that the mitochondrial pro-fission protein Drp1 fosters migration and expansion of developing thymocytes both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, we find that Drp1 sustains in vitro clonal expansion and cMyc-dependent metabolic reprogramming upon activation, also regulating effector T cell numbers in vivo. Migration and extravasation defects are also exhibited in Drp1-deficient mature T cells, unveiling its crucial role in controlling both T cell recirculation in secondary lymphoid organs and acc…

Genetics and Molecular Biology (all)0301 basic medicinecell migrationT-LymphocytesCellCell CountMitochondrionLymphocyte ActivationBiochemistryCell MovementHomeostasismetabolic reprogrammingcell migration; cell proliferation; cMyc; Drp1; exhaustion; metabolic reprogramming; mitochondrial dynamics; T cells; thymocytes; tumor immune-surveillance; Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology (all)lcsh:QH301-705.5cMycImmunologic SurveillanceMice KnockoutThymocytesEffectorDrp1; T cells; cMyc; cell migration; cell proliferation; exhaustion; metabolic reprogramming; mitochondrial dynamics; thymocytes; tumor immune-surveillanceCell migrationCell DifferentiationCell biologymedicine.anatomical_structurePhenotypeDynaminsendocrine systemSettore BIO/06Cell SurvivalLymphoid TissueMAP Kinase Signaling SystemT cellT cellsReceptors Antigen T-CellDrp1BiologyGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyArticleProto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc03 medical and health sciencestumor immune-surveillancemitochondrial dynamicexhaustionHomeostasimedicineAnimalsCell ProliferationTumor microenvironmentBiochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology (all)Cell growthAnimalT cellthymocytemitochondrial dynamicsDynamin030104 developmental biologylcsh:Biology (General)T-LymphocyteT cell migration
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The Crosstalk Between Signaling Pathways and Cancer Metabolism in Colorectal Cancer.

2021

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers worldwide. Metabolic reprogramming represents an important cancer hallmark in CRC. Reprogramming core metabolic pathways in cancer cells, such as glycolysis, glutaminolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, and lipid metabolism, is essential to increase energy production and biosynthesis of precursors required to support tumor initiation and progression. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that activation of oncogenes and loss of tumor suppressor genes regulate metabolic reprogramming through the downstream signaling pathways. Protein kinases, such as AKT and c-MYC, are the integral components that facilitate the crosstalk bet…

PharmacologyGlutaminolysisCancercolorectal cancerprotein kinaseRM1-950Tumor initiationReviewBiologymedicine.diseasedigestive system diseasessignaling pathwaysMetastasisCrosstalk (biology)Cancer cellCancer researchmedicinemetabolic reprogrammingPharmacology (medical)Therapeutics. PharmacologySignal transductionReprogrammingmetabolismFrontiers in pharmacology
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Metabolic Escape Routes of Cancer Stem Cells and Therapeutic Opportunities

2020

Although improvement in early diagnosis and treatment ameliorated life expectancy of cancer patients, metastatic disease still lacks effective therapeutic approaches. Resistance to anticancer therapies stems from the refractoriness of a subpopulation of cancer cells—termed cancer stem cells (CSCs)—which is endowed with tumor initiation and metastasis formation potential. CSCs are heterogeneous and diverge by phenotypic, functional and metabolic perspectives. Intrinsic as well as extrinsic stimuli dictated by the tumor microenvironment (TME)have critical roles in determining cell metabolic reprogramming from glycolytic toward an oxidative phenotype and vice versa, allowing cancer cells to th…

cancer stem cells0301 basic medicinecancer stem cellCancer ResearchStromal cellSettore MED/50 - Scienze Tecniche Mediche ApplicateCellcancer metabolismReviewTumor initiationlcsh:RC254-282glycolysi03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineCancer stem celllipid metabolismmicroRNAtumor microenvironmentmetabolic reprogrammingMedicinemetabolism-based anticancer drugsTumor microenvironmentbusiness.industryglycolysislcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensOXPHOSMicrovesicles030104 developmental biologymedicine.anatomical_structureOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisCancer cellCancer researchSettore MED/46 - Scienze Tecniche Di Medicina Di LaboratoriobusinessCancers
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Molecular Pathways Implicated in Radioresistance of Glioblastoma Multiforme: What Is the Role of Extracellular Vesicles?

2023

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a primary brain tumor that is very aggressive, resistant to treatment, and characterized by a high degree of anaplasia and proliferation. Routine treatment includes ablative surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. However, GMB rapidly relapses and develops radioresistance. Here, we briefly review the mechanisms underpinning radioresistance and discuss research to stop it and install anti-tumor defenses. Factors that participate in radioresistance are varied and include stem cells, tumor heterogeneity, tumor microenvironment, hypoxia, metabolic reprogramming, the chaperone system, non-coding RNAs, DNA repair, and extracellular vesicles (EVs). We direct our a…

hypoxiatheranosticOrganic Chemistrynon-coding RNADNA repairGeneral Medicinepersonalized medicineCatalysisComputer Science ApplicationsInorganic Chemistryradioresistancestem cellglioblastoma multiformechaperone systemtumor heterogeneityintercellular communicationtumor microenvironmentmetabolic reprogrammingextracellular vesiclePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMolecular BiologySpectroscopy
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