Search results for "methods"

showing 10 items of 4526 documents

Patented and commercialized applications

2021

Abstract The commercialization of high added-value compounds recovery from food wastes deals with several issues such as laboratory research, scale-up problems, protection of intellectual properties, and development of market-destined applications. These issues are described in this chapter wherein a collection of commercially available compounds recovered from food by-products is presented. Verification of market existing products matching with patented processes was conducted using patent applicant name in each case. However, this matching as well as production characteristics may not be correct in all cases, as most companies typically are secretive about their methods of production and …

Methods of productionEngineeringMatching (statistics)Health claims on food labelsRisk analysis (engineering)business.industryOrder (exchange)Operations managementIntellectual propertybusinessLaboratory researchCommercialization
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Aseptic Production vs. Terminal Sterilization

2000

The safety of substance use in intraocular surgery ideally requires the absence of all biologically-active components capable of causing an inflammatory reaction. Substance purity is achieved with isolation and cleansing methods (e.g., of the polysaccharide), which remove any biological component with infective potential. The methods of production for polysaccharide isolation should remove biological agents, regardless of its origin. Hyaluronic acid is isolated either from rooster combs or biological fermentation. Use of this substance showed the development of postoperative intraocular inflammatory reactions resulting from contaminations from both sources. OVD should have low endotoxin val…

Methods of productionSterilization processSterilityChemistryTerminal SterilizationAseptic processingIntraocular surgeryFood scienceSubstance useSterility assurance level
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Le relazioni tra utente ed informazioni. Principi e metodi di analisi

2016

Presentación de los estudios sobre comportamiento informacional desde el punto de vista de: a) conceptos y evolución histórica, b) fundamentos teóricos y c) fundamentos metodológicos. Overview of studies on information behavior from the point of view of: a) concepts and historical evolution, b) theorical and c) methodological foundations.

MethodsEstudios de usuariosinformation behaviorUser studiesComportamiento informacionalTheoriesDocumentación
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Zeeman effect in sulfur monoxide: A tool to probe magnetic fields in star forming regions

2017

[Context] Magnetic fields play a fundamental role in star formation processes and the best method to evaluate their intensity is to measure the Zeeman effect of atomic and molecular lines. However, a direct measurement of the Zeeman spectral pattern from interstellar molecular species is challenging due to the high sensitivity and high spectral resolution required. So far, the Zeeman effect has been detected unambiguously in star forming regions for very few non-masing species, such as OH and CN.

Methods: laboratory: molecularlaboratory: molecular [Methods]Context (language use)ISM: moleculeRadiation01 natural sciences7. Clean energyArticlesymbols.namesakechemistry.chemical_compoundMethods: data analysis0103 physical sciencesAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsPhysics::Atomic PhysicsSpectral resolutiondata analysis [Methods]010303 astronomy & astrophysicsmolecules [ISM]Astrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesPhysicsZeeman effectSulfur monoxide010304 chemical physicsSpectrometerStar formationMolecular dataAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstronomy and AstrophysicISM: moleculesMagnetic fieldMagnetic fieldchemistrySpace and Planetary ScienceMagnetic fieldssymbolsAtomic physicsMethods: data analysi
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Biological activity of the two geometrical isomers of methomyl on maize mitochondria

1983

Abstract Methomyl ( S -methyl- N [(methylcarbamoyl)oxy]thioacetimidate), the active ingredient in lannate insecticide, gave a geometrical isomer after acid

MethomylPlant ScienceHorticultureBiology01 natural sciencesBiochemistryMedicinal chemistry03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundHelminthosporium maydisMolecular BiologyComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS[SDV.BV.PEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacyActive ingredient0303 health sciences010405 organic chemistry030302 biochemistry & molecular biologyBiological activityGeneral MedicineZea maysBipolaris maydis0104 chemical sciences[SDV.BV.PEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacyInvestigation methodschemistryBiochemistryCis–trans isomerism
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FICC-Seq: a method for enzyme-specified profiling of methyl-5-uridine in cellular RNA.

2019

AbstractMethyl-5-uridine (m5U) is one the most abundant non-canonical bases present in cellular RNA, and in yeast is found at position U54 of tRNAs where modification is catalysed by the methyltransferase Trm2. Although the mammalian enzymes that catalyse m5U formation are yet to be identified via experimental evidence, based on sequence homology to Trm2, two candidates currently exist, TRMT2A and TRMT2B. Here we developed a genome-wide single-nucleotide resolution mapping method, Fluorouracil-Induced-Catalytic-Crosslinking-Sequencing (FICC-Seq), in order to identify the relevant enzymatic targets. We demonstrate that TRMT2A is responsible for the majority of m5U present in human RNA, and t…

MethyltransferaseSaccharomyces cerevisiae ProteinsCell SurvivalSaccharomyces cerevisiaeBiology03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineRNA TransferYeastsGeneticsHumansNucleotideUridine030304 developmental biologychemistry.chemical_classification0303 health sciencestRNA MethyltransferasesDeoxyribonucleasesHEK 293 cellsRNAHigh-Throughput Nucleotide SequencingYeastUridineEnzymeHEK293 CellsBiochemistrychemistry030220 oncology & carcinogenesisTransfer RNARNAMethods OnlineFluorouracilNucleic acids research
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Unraveling the Reaction Mechanism of Enzymatic C5-Cytosine Methylation of DNA. A Combined Molecular Dynamics and QM/MM Study of Wild Type and Gln119 …

2016

M.HhaI is a DNA methyltransferase from Haemophilus hemolyticus that catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAM) to the C5 position of a cytosine. This enzyme is a paradigmatic model for C5 DNA methyltransferases due to its major homology to mammalian enzymes and to the availability of high-resolution structures of the DNA–enzyme complex. In spite of the number of experimental and theoretical analyses carried out for this system, many mechanistic details remain unraveled. We have used full atomistic classical molecular dynamics simulations to explore the protein–SAM–DNA ternary complex, where the target cytosine base is flipped out into the active site for bot…

MethyltransferaseStereochemistry010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesMolecular mechanicsenzyme catalysisCatalysisQM/MMchemistry.chemical_compound0103 physical sciencesA-DNATernary complex010304 chemical physicsbiologyChemistryActive siteGeneral Chemistryfree energy profiles0104 chemical sciencesreaction mechanismsBiochemistrybiology.proteinQM/MM methodsstring methodDNA-methylationCytosineDNA
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Analyzing Illumina Gene Expression Microarray Data from Different Tissues: Methodological Aspects of Data Analysis in the MetaXpress Consortium

2012

Microarray profiling of gene expression is widely applied in molecular biology and functional genomics. Experimental and technical variations make meta-analysis of different studies challenging. In a total of 3358 samples, all from German population-based cohorts, we investigated the effect of data preprocessing and the variability due to sample processing in whole blood cell and blood monocyte gene expression data, measured on the Illumina HumanHT-12 v3 BeadChip array. Gene expression signal intensities were similar after applying the log(2) or the variance-stabilizing transformation. In all cohorts, the first principal component (PC) explained more than 95% of the total variation. Technic…

MicroarraysArray ProcessingClinical Research DesignScienceGene ExpressionSingle-nucleotide polymorphismBiologyPolymorphism Single NucleotideMolecular Genetics03 medical and health sciencesEngineering0302 clinical medicineGenome Analysis ToolsGermanyWhite blood cellGene expressionGenome-Wide Association StudiesGeneticsmedicineHumansGenome SequencingStatistical MethodsBiologyOligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis030304 developmental biologyWhole bloodGenetics0303 health sciencesMultidisciplinaryGene Expression ProfilingQRComputational BiologyReproducibility of ResultsHuman GeneticsGenomicsGene expression profilingMinor allele frequencymedicine.anatomical_structure030220 oncology & carcinogenesisSignal ProcessingMedicineRNA extractionFunctional genomicsResearch ArticlePLoS ONE
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Approaches to study yeast cell aging and death

2014

For millennia, yeast has been exploited to obtain fermentation products, such as foods and beverages. For c. 50 years, yeast has been an established model organism for basic and applied research, and more specifically, for c. 15 years, this unicellular organism has been applied to dissect molecular mechanisms of cell aging and programmed cell death. In this review, we present an overview of approaches to study cell aging and death in yeast, including lifespan assessments, calorie restriction, cell viability, survival, and death markers.

Microbiological TechniquesProgrammed cell deathTime FactorsCell Deathved/biologyved/biology.organism_classification_rank.speciesCalorie restrictionSaccharomyces cerevisiaeMycologySaccharomyces cerevisiaeGeneral MedicineBiologybiology.organism_classificationApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyMicrobiologyUnicellular organismYeastCell biologyyeast aging. chronological aging methods in yeast geneticsSettore BIO/13 - Biologia ApplicataViability assayModel organismCell agingFEMS Yeast Research
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Characterization and multicentric validation of a common standard for Toxoplasma gondii detection using nucleic acid amplification assays.

2014

ABSTRACT The molecular diagnosis of toxoplasmosis essentially relies upon laboratory-developed methods and suffers from lack of standardization, hence the large diversity of performances between laboratories. Moreover, quantifications of parasitic loads differ among centers, a fact which prevents the possible prediction of the severity of this disease as a function of parasitic loads. The objectives of this multicentric study performed in eight proficient laboratories of the Molecular Biology Pole of the French National Reference Center for Toxoplasmosis (NRC-T) were (i) to assess the suitability of a lyophilized preparation of Toxoplasma gondii as a common standard for use in this PCR-base…

Microbiology (medical)MESH: Reference Standards*MESH: Molecular Diagnostic Techniques/methods*MESH: Parasite Load/standards[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]Toxoplasma gondiidiagnosticParasitic loadsParasite LoadMESH: Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques/standards*MESH: Toxoplasma/isolation & purification*medicineMolecular diagnostic techniquesHumansNational levelReference standardsMESH: Parasite Load/methodsstandardizationMESH: HumansbiologyMESH: Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques/methods*Toxoplasma gondiiNucleic acid amplification techniqueMESH: Toxoplasmosis/diagnosis*MESH: Molecular Diagnostic Techniques/standards*Reference Standardsbiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseaseVirologyToxoplasmosisquantification3. Good healthMESH: FranceMolecular Diagnostic TechniquesImmunologyNucleic acidMESH: Toxoplasma/geneticsParasitologyFranceNucleic Acid Amplification TechniquesToxoplasmaToxoplasmosisJournal of clinical microbiology
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