Search results for "methods"

showing 10 items of 4526 documents

Phase behavior of metals at very high P–T conditions: A review of recent experimental studies

2006

Studies at extreme pressures and temperatures are helpful for understanding the physical properties of the solid state, including such classes of materials as, metals, semiconductors, superconductors, or minerals. In particular, the phase behavior of metals at extreme pressures and temperatures is a challenging problem with many implications for other fields including Earth and planetary sciences. However, despite the efforts performed, the phase behavior of metals at very high pressures (HPs) and temperatures has been proven hard to predict accurately and only a limited number of experimental methods for making measurements in the regime of megabar pressures and thousand degree temperature…

SuperconductivityChemistryHigh pressurePhase (matter)Solid-stateMineralogyGeneral Materials ScienceEarth (chemistry)General ChemistryExperimental methodsCondensed Matter PhysicsEngineering physicsDiamond anvil cellJournal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids
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Lifetime of the superconductive state in short and long Josephson junctions

2008

We study the transient statistical properties of short and long Josephson junctions under the influence of thermal and correlated fluctuations. In particular, we investigate the lifetime of the superconductive metastable state finding the presence of noise induced phenomena. For short Josephson junctions we investigate the lifetime as a function both of the frequency of the current driving signal and the noise intensity and we find how these noise-induced effects are modified by the presence of a correlated noise source. For long Josephson junctions we integrate numerically the sine-Gordon equation calculating the lifetime as a function of the length of the junction both for inhomogeneous a…

SuperconductivityPhysicsJosephson effectCondensed matter physicsCondensed Matter - SuperconductivityFOS: Physical sciencesBiasingCondensed Matter PhysicsSignalNoise (electronics)Settore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsSuperconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)MetastabilityCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityComputational methods in statistical physics and nonlinear dynamics Noise Fluctuations Josephson devices.Transient (oscillation)Maxima
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Electronic and structural properties of palladium-based Heusler superconductors

2008

Abstract This work reports on superconductivity in the Heusler compounds Pd2ZrAl and Pd2HfAl. Magnetisation and resistance measurements were carried out to verify their superconducting states. The compounds exhibit transition temperatures of 3.2 K (Zr) and 3.4 K (Hf). From their behaviour in external magnetic fields, it was determined that both compounds are type II superconductors. Similar to the half-metallic ferromagnets, the superconducting Heusler compounds follow an electron counting scheme based on theoretical considerations. As found from ab initio calculations, the superconductivity can be explained by a valence instability at the L -point, that has been used as design criterion.

SuperconductivityValence (chemistry)Materials scienceCondensed matter physicsGeneral ChemistryElectronic structureCondensed Matter PhysicsCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceMagnetizationFerromagnetismAb initio quantum chemistry methodsCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityMaterials ChemistryCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsElectron countingType-II superconductorSolid State Communications
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Ab initiothermodynamics ofBacSr(1−c)TiO3solid solutions

2005

Based on ab initio calculations for a number of the ${\mathrm{Ba}}_{\mathrm{c}}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{(1\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{c})}\mathrm{Ti}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ (BST) superlattices, we developed a thermodynamic approach to these solid solutions. In particular, we calculate the BST phase diagram and show that at relatively low temperatures (below $400\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$ for $c=0.5$ and $300\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$ for $c=0.1$) the spinodal decomposition of the solid solution occurs. As a result, we predict for small Ba concentrations formation of $\mathrm{Ba}\mathrm{Ti}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ nanoregions in a predominantly $\mathrm{Sr}\mathrm{Ti}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ matrix and …

SuperstructureMaterials scienceSpinodal decompositionNeutron diffractionAb initioCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryAb initio quantum chemistry methodsStrontium titanatePhase diagramSolid solutionPhysical Review B
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Machine learning for a combined electroencephalographic anesthesia index to detect awareness under anesthesia

2020

Spontaneous electroencephalogram (EEG) and auditory evoked potentials (AEP) have been suggested to monitor the level of consciousness during anesthesia. As both signals reflect different neuronal pathways, a combination of parameters from both signals may provide broader information about the brain status during anesthesia. Appropriate parameter selection and combination to a single index is crucial to take advantage of this potential. The field of machine learning offers algorithms for both parameter selection and combination. In this study, several established machine learning approaches including a method for the selection of suitable signal parameters and classification algorithms are a…

Support Vector MachinePhysiologyComputer scienceElectroencephalographycomputer.software_genreField (computer science)Machine Learning0302 clinical medicineLevel of consciousnessAnesthesiology030202 anesthesiologyMedicine and Health SciencesAnesthesiamedia_commonClinical NeurophysiologyAnesthesiology MonitoringBrain MappingMultidisciplinaryArtificial neural networkmedicine.diagnostic_testPharmaceuticsApplied MathematicsSimulation and ModelingQUnconsciousnessRElectroencephalographyNeuronal pathwayddc:ElectrophysiologyBioassays and Physiological AnalysisBrain ElectrophysiologyAnesthesiaPhysical SciencesEvoked Potentials AuditoryMedicinemedicine.symptomAlgorithmsAnesthetics IntravenousResearch ArticleComputer and Information SciencesConsciousnessImaging TechniquesCognitive NeuroscienceSciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectNeurophysiologyNeuroimagingAnesthesia GeneralResearch and Analysis MethodsBayesian inferenceMachine learningMachine Learning Algorithms03 medical and health sciencesConsciousness MonitorsDrug TherapyArtificial IntelligenceMonitoring IntraoperativeSupport Vector MachinesmedicineHumansMonitoring Physiologicbusiness.industryElectrophysiological TechniquesBiology and Life SciencesSupport vector machineStatistical classificationCognitive ScienceNeural Networks ComputerArtificial intelligenceClinical MedicineConsciousnessbusinesscomputerMathematics030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNeurosciencePLOS ONE
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Comparative Hybrid Hartree-Fock-DFT Calculations of WO2-Terminated Cubic WO3 as Well as SrTiO3, BaTiO3, PbTiO3 and CaTiO3 (001) Surfaces

2021

We greatly acknowledge the financial support via the ERAF Project No. 1.1.1.1/18/A/073. Calculations were performed using Latvian Super Cluster (LASC), located in the Center of Excellence at Institute of Solid State Physics, the University of Latvia, which is supported by European Union Horizon 2020 Framework Programme H2020-WIDESPREAD-01-2016-2017-Teaming Phase 2 under Grant Agreement No. 739508, project CAMART.

Surface (mathematics)ABO3 (001) surfacesMaterials scienceGeneral Chemical EngineeringPopulationHartree–Fock method02 engineering and technology01 natural sciences7. Clean energyMolecular physicshybrid exchange–correlation functionalsInorganic ChemistryCrystalWO<sub>3</sub>Ab initio quantum chemistry methodsWO30103 physical sciences:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]General Materials ScienceeducationABO<sub>3</sub> (001) surfaces010302 applied physicseducation.field_of_studyCrystallography021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsAb initio calculations; ABO<sub>3</sub> (001) surfaces; WO<sub>3</sub>; hybrid exchange–correlation functionalsChemical bondQD901-999Ab initio calculations0210 nano-technologyLayer (electronics)Crystals
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Systematic trends in YAlO3, SrTiO3, BaTiO3, BaZrO3 (001) and (111) surface ab initio calculations

2019

We greatly acknowledge the financial support via Latvian-Ukrainian Joint Research Project No. LV-UA/2018/2, Latvian Council of Science Grant No. 2018/2-0083 “Theoretical prediction of hybrid nanostructured photocatalytic materials for efficient water splitting”, Latvian Council of Science Grant No. 2018/1-0214 as well as ERAF Project No. 1.1.1.1/18/A/073.

Surface (mathematics)Ab initio calculationB3LYPMaterials scienceStatistical and Nonlinear Physics02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsYAlO301 natural sciencesMolecular physics0104 chemical sciencesAb initio quantum chemistry methods(111) surfaces:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]surface energies0210 nano-technology
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Atomistic Simulations of the LaMnO3 (110) Polar Surface.

2003

The results of atomic structure calculations, with a focus on the surface relaxation and polarization, are presented for the LaMnO3 (110) O-terminated polar surface. We compare results of the classical shell model calculations for four possible terminations, including (1 × 2) (110) surface reconstruction, and demonstrate that the latter has the lowest surface energy. The surface energy is saturated only when six to eight near-surface atomic planes are relaxed which is accompanied by the considerable dipole moments perpendicular to the surface. Results are compared with those for iso-structural BaTiO3 (110) surfaces.

Surface (mathematics)ChemistrySHELL modelRelaxation (NMR)General Physics and AstronomyGeneral MedicinePolarization (waves)Molecular physicsSurface energyCrystallographyDipoleAb initio quantum chemistry methodsPerpendicularPolarPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySurface reconstructionChemInform
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Efficient Analysis of Arbitrarily Shaped Inductive Obstacles in Rectangular Waveguides Using a Surface Integral Equation Formulation

2007

In this paper we propose to use the Surface Integral Equation technique for the analysis of arbitrarily shaped Hplane obstacles in rectangular waveguides, which can contain both metallic and/or dielectric objects. The Green functions are formulated using both spectral and spatial images series, whose convergence behavior has been improved through several acceleration techniques. Proceeding in this way, the convergence of the series is not attached to the employment of any particular basis or test function, thus consequently increasing the flexibility of the implemented technique. In order to test the accuracy and numerical efficiency of the proposed method, results for practical microwave c…

Surface (mathematics)Componentes de guía de ondasWaveguide componentsAccelerationResonadores dieléctricosConvergence (routing)Electronic engineeringGreen's functionsMoment methodsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringIntegral equationsDiscontinuidades de ondas guíaMathematicsTeoría de la Señal y las ComunicacionesRadiationSeries (mathematics)Basis (linear algebra)Methods currentlyNumerical analysisMathematical analysisMétodos de momentosCondensed Matter PhysicsIntegral equationWaveguide discontinuitiesDielectric resonatorsEcuaciones integralesTest functions for optimizationFunciones GreenIntegral equation (IE)3325 Tecnología de las Telecomunicaciones
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Ab Initio Calculations of Hydroxyl Impurities in CaF2

2012

OH– in CaF2 crystal and the (111) surface have been studied by using density functional theory (DFT) with hybrid exchange potentials, namely, DFT-B3PW. Three bulk and 20 surface OH– configurations ...

Surface (mathematics)CrystalGeneral EnergyChemistryComputational chemistryImpurityAb initio quantum chemistry methodsPhysical chemistryDensity functional theoryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsThe Journal of Physical Chemistry C
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