Search results for "methods"

showing 10 items of 4526 documents

A computational model of postprandial adipose tissue lipid metabolism derived using human arteriovenous stable isotope tracer data

2019

Given the association of disturbances in non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) metabolism with the development of Type 2 Diabetes and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, computational models of glucose-insulin dynamics have been extended to account for the interplay with NEFA. In this study, we use arteriovenous measurement across the subcutaneous adipose tissue during a mixed meal challenge test to evaluate the performance and underlying assumptions of three existing models of adipose tissue metabolism and construct a new, refined model of adipose tissue metabolism. Our model introduces new terms, explicitly accounting for the conversion of glucose to glyceraldehye-3-phosphate, the postprandial …

Adipose Tissue/metabolismDIETARY FATTY-ACIDSmedicine.medical_treatmentFatty Acids NonesterifiedBiochemistry0302 clinical medicineEndocrinologyModelsInsulinGlucose/metabolismBiology (General)Organic CompoundsFatty AcidsChemical ReactionsPostprandial Period/physiologyPostprandial PeriodLipidsPostprandialBloodComputational Theory and MathematicsAdipose TissueModeling and SimulationPhysical Sciencesmedicine.medical_specialtyQH301-705.5LipolysisCarbohydratesLIPOPROTEIN-LIPASECarbohydrate metabolism03 medical and health sciencesNEFASDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingGeneticsLipolysisHumansComputer SimulationMolecular BiologyEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsBlood Glucose/metabolismArteriovenous AnastomosisChemical CompoundsBiology and Life SciencesComputational BiologyComputational Biology/methodsmedicine.diseaseLipid MetabolismBiologicalHormonesLipid Metabolism/physiology030104 developmental biologyEndocrinologyBiological TissueGlucoseMOBILIZATION030217 neurology & neurosurgery0301 basic medicineGlycerolBlood GlucosePhysiologyPATHOGENESISAdipose tissueLipids/physiologySDG 3 – Goede gezondheid en welzijnVoeding Metabolisme en GenomicaGlucose MetabolismIsotopesMedicine and Health SciencesMetabolitesINSULIN-RESISTANCEEcologyChemistryHydrolysisMonomersMonosaccharidesArteriovenous Anastomosis/metabolismMetabolism and GenomicsBody FluidsChemistryFatty Acids/metabolismMetabolisme en GenomicaCarbohydrate MetabolismNutrition Metabolism and GenomicsFatty Acids Nonesterified/metabolismAnatomyResearch ArticleInsulin/metabolismINHIBITIONWEIGHT-LOSSModels BiologicalBlood PlasmaMECHANISMSCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceInsulin resistanceVoedingInternal medicinemedicineLife ScienceNonesterified/metabolismNutritionDiabetic EndocrinologyInsulinOrganic ChemistryLipid metabolismECTOPIC FATPolymer ChemistryMetabolism
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Toxicity of boric acid to Blattella germanica (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae) and analysis of residues in several organs

2001

1373-7503 (Print) Journal Article; Pestiferous cockroach species are associated closely with humans and are important from medical and public health points of view. Conventional insecticides have been used widely to control cockroaches which have developed resistance to these compounds. Thus, interest has again centered on lesser-used compounds such as boric acid. Boric acid has been used as an insecticide for many years, especially against cockroach. Its mode of action on insects has not been satisfactorily established. In Algeria, Blattella germanica (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae) is a serious pest in the urban environment and their infestation were controlled for many years by organophospha…

Adipose Tissue/metabolismOralTime FactorsBoric Acids/pharmacokinetics/*pharmacologyInsect Control/methodsInsecticides/pharmacokinetics/*pharmacologyBlattellidae/*metabolismDose-Response RelationshipInsecticide ResistanceLethal Dose 50AdministrationAnimalsBiological AssayTissue DistributionDrugPesticide Residues/*analysis
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Adsorption of atomic and molecular oxygen on the LaMnO3(001) surface: ab initio supercell calculations and thermodynamics.

2008

We present and discuss the results of ab initio DFT plane-wave supercell calculations of the atomic and molecular oxygen adsorption and diffusion on the LaMnO(3) (001) surface which serves as a model material for a cathode of solid oxide fuel cells. The dissociative adsorption of O(2) molecules from the gas phase is energetically favorable on surface Mn ions even on a defect-free surface. The surface migration energy for adsorbed O ions is found to be quite high, 2.0 eV. We predict that the adsorbed O atoms could penetrate the electrode first plane when much more mobile surface oxygen vacancies (migration energy of 0.69 eV) approach the O ions strongly bound to the surface Mn ions. The form…

AdsorptionChemistryAb initio quantum chemistry methodsVacancy defectAtomBinding energyAb initioGeneral Physics and AstronomyPhysical chemistryMoleculeThermodynamicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySurface energyPhysical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP
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Alcohol consumption and risk of uterine myoma: A systematic review and meta analysis

2017

Background The published data about alcohol consumption and uterine myoma are scanty and controversial: some studies found positive association whereas other studies showed no association. Objectives To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine whether alcohol is a risk factor for myoma. Search strategy A MEDLINE/EMBASE search was carried out, supplemented by manual searches of bibliographies of the selected studies. Selection criteria Articles published as full-length papers in English. In the review we included all identified studies. Otherwise, the inclusion criteria for studies included in the meta-analysis were: a) case-control or cohort studies, reporting original dat…

Adult Alcohol Drinking Female Humans Middle Aged Myoma Odds Ratio Risk Factors Uterine Neoplasms Young Adultlcsh:MedicineSocial SciencesBiochemistryCohort StudiesMathematical and Statistical Techniques0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorsOdds RatioMedicine and Health SciencesPsychologyMedicinePublic and Occupational Health030212 general & internal medicinelcsh:Scienceeducation.field_of_studyAlcohol Consumption030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicineMultidisciplinaryObstetricsAlcoholic BeveragesBeerMiddle AgedResearch AssessmentAlcoholismSystematic reviewResearch DesignMeta-analysisUterine NeoplasmsPhysical SciencesFemaleStatistics (Mathematics)Research ArticleCohort studyAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyAlcohol DrinkingSystematic ReviewsSubstance-Related DisordersPopulationAddictionSubgroup analysisResearch and Analysis MethodsBeveragesYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencesMental Health and PsychiatryHumansStatistical MethodsRisk factoreducationNutritionbusiness.industrylcsh:RBiology and Life SciencesEstrogensMyomaOdds ratiomedicine.diseaseMyomaHormonesDietlcsh:QbusinessMathematicsMeta-AnalysisPLOS ONE
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A scoping review on interventions to promote physical activity among adults with disabilities

2018

Abstract Background Despite the strong evidence that physical activity (PA) is a key determinant of health, there is limited knowledge on the content and outcomes of PA promotion interventions among individuals with disabilities. Objective To conduct a scoping review in order to examine the published literature on PA promotion interventions among adults with disabilities. Methods A scoping review following the methodological framework provided by Arksey and O'Malley used electronic databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and CINAHL), reference lists, and journals to locate studies. Inclusion criteria were based on study aim, outcome measures, and a disability definition by the WHO International Class…

Adult030506 rehabilitationmedia_common.quotation_subjectvammaisetPsychological interventionHealth PromotionPsycINFOCINAHLbehavior change techniques taxonomyliiikuntatottumukset03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePromotion (rank)International Classification of Functioning Disability and HealthMS-tautiHumansDisabled Personstoimintarajoitteet030212 general & internal medicineExercisemedia_commonPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthBehavior change methodsGeneral Medicineinternational classification of functioningspinal cord injuryvajaakuntoisetSystematic review0305 other medical sciencePsychologyInclusion (education)terveysfyysinen aktiivisuusClinical psychologyselkäydinvammaiset
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A 1-year maintenance after early adjuvant intravesical chemotherapy has a limited efficacy in preventing recurrence of intermediate risk non-muscle-i…

2010

Abstract OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of 1-year maintenance after a 6-week cycle of early intravesical chemotherapy, as the role of maintenance in intravesical chemotherapy is debated. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between May 2002 and August 2003, 577 patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMI-BC) underwent transurethral resection (TUR) and early intravesical chemotherapy (epirubicin, 80 mg/50 mL). They were randomized between a 6-week induction cycle and the induction cycle plus maintenance with 10 monthly instillations. In all, 95 patients with T1G3, Tis or single and primary Ta-T1 G1-G2 tumours were excluded; 482 patients at intermediate risk of recurrence continued the study.…

AdultAged 80 and overMaleAntibiotics AntineoplasticRemission InductionCystoscopyintravesical chemotherapy bladder carcinomaMiddle AgedCombined Modality TherapySettore MED/24 - UrologiaAdministration IntravesicalTreatment OutcomeUrinary Bladder NeoplasmsHumansFemaleNeoplasm Recurrence LocalEpidemiologic MethodsAgedEpirubicin
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Bendamustine with or without rituximab in the treatment of relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: an Italian retrospective study.

2011

To retrospectively assess the efficacy of bendamustine alone and with rituximab (R-B), 109 patients with relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) were enrolled in 24 Italian centres. The median age was 66 years (range 39-85). Forty-three percent of patients had relapsed and 57% were resistant (median previous therapies = 3; range 1-8). Twenty-two patients received bendamustine alone and 87 patients received R-B (median B dosage: 100 mg/m(2) per day, range 90-130 mg/m(2) per day). The overall response rate was 69·6% (complete response 28·6%; partial response 41%), and was significantly higher in patients treated with R-B (P = 0·014) and in those responsive to the previous treatment (P=0·…

AdultAged 80 and overMaleAntineoplastic AgentsMiddle AgedLeukemia Lymphocytic Chronic B-CellAntibodies Monoclonal Murine-DerivedTreatment OutcomeDrug Resistance NeoplasmRecurrenceAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsNitrogen Mustard CompoundsBendamustine HydrochlorideDrug EvaluationHumanschronic lymphocytic leukemiaFemaleChronic lymphocytic leukemia; bendamustineBendamustinaEpidemiologic MethodsRituximabAged
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iGEMS: an integrated model for identification of alternative exon usage events.

2016

Abstract DNA microarrays and RNAseq are complementary methods for studying RNA molecules. Current computational methods to determine alternative exon usage (AEU) using such data require impractical visual inspection and still yield high false-positive rates. Integrated Gene and Exon Model of Splicing (iGEMS) adapts a gene-level residuals model with a gene size adjusted false discovery rate and exon-level analysis to circumvent these limitations. iGEMS was applied to two new DNA microarray datasets, including the high coverage Human Transcriptome Arrays 2.0 and performance was validated using RT-qPCR. First, AEU was studied in adipocytes treated with (n = 9) or without (n = 8) the anti-diabe…

AdultAlternative SplicingMiceGene Expression ProfilingAnimalsComputational BiologyHumansMethods OnlineExonsGenomicsTranscriptomeOligonucleotide Array Sequence AnalysisNucleic acids research
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A New Evaluation of Emergency Methods for Artificial Ventilation

1968

SUMMARY The effect of artificial ventilation by the exhaled-air methods (mouth-to-nose and mouth-to-mouth) and chest-pressure-arm-lift methods (Ho-ward-Thomsen, Silvester-Brosch, Holger Nielsen) was investigated in 11 anaesthetised apnoeic volunteers. The efficiency of these methods was assessed by the changes in arterial PO2, O2 saturation, PCO2 and pH. It could be shown that the exhaled-air methods ensured normal PO2 and O2 saturation in all cases, while the ventilation by the manual methods was insufficient. Even though normal oxygenation was achieved by the manual methods in some cases, others were extremely hypoventilated, with critically low O2 tensions. pH and CO2 tensions did not ch…

AdultArtificial ventilationmedicine.medical_treatmentpCO2law.inventionElectrocardiographylawMethodsVentilation-Perfusion RatioHumansMedicinebusiness.industryHypoventilationGeneral MedicineOxygenationCarbon DioxideHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationHypoventilatedRespiration ArtificialRespiratory Function TestsOxygenBloodAnesthesiology and Pain MedicineAnesthesiaVentilation (architecture)Arterial pO2EmergenciesbusinessMathematicsNormal po2Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Treatment of intrabony defects using guided tissue regeneration and autogenous spongiosa alone or combined with hydroxyapatite/beta-tricalcium phosph…

2007

The aim of this case-control study was to investigate the clinical regeneration of deep intrabony defects using guided tissue regeneration (GTR) with autogenous spongiosa (ASB) alone or using GTR with a mixture of ASB with a bovine-derived xenograft (BDX) or a synthetic composite bone substitute (hydroxyapatite/beta-tricalcium phosphate [HA/beta-TCP]).Sixty-four patients with a total of 93 intrabony defects of 2- or 3-wall morphology and an intrabony component (IC)or=4 mm participated in this study. Defects were treated with a bioabsorbable membrane and ASB alone or ASB mixed with HA/beta-TCP or BDX. Clinical parameters measured at baseline and 12 months after surgery included IC, bleeding …

AdultCalcium PhosphatesMaleBone substituteBleeding on probingTransplantation HeterologousDentistrymedicineAnimalsHumansBone regenerationPeriodontitisAgedPeriodontitisβ tricalcium phosphatebusiness.industryRegeneration (biology)SmokingAlveolar Ridge AugmentationAlveolar Ridge AugmentationMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseTreatment efficacyBone SubstitutesGuided Tissue Regeneration PeriodontalPeriodonticsCattleFemaleHydroxyapatitesmedicine.symptombusinessEpidemiologic MethodsJournal of periodontology
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