Search results for "metsämyyrä"
showing 10 items of 48 documents
Evolved high aerobic capacity has context-specific effects on gut microbiota
2022
Publisher Copyright: Copyright © 2022 Hanhimäki, Watts, Koskela, Koteja, Mappes and Hämäläinen. Gut microbiota is expected to coevolve with the host's physiology and may play a role in adjusting the host's energy metabolism to suit the host's environment. To evaluate the effects of both evolved host metabolism and the environmental context in shaping the gut microbiota, we used a unique combination of (1) experimental evolution to create selection lines for a fast metabolism and (2) a laboratory-to-field translocation study. Mature bank voles Myodes glareolus from lines selected for high aerobic capacity (A lines) and from unselected control (C lines) were released into large (0.2 ha) outdo…
Two hundred and fifty-four metagenome-assembled bacterial genomes from the bank vole gut microbiota.
2020
Abstract Vertebrate gut microbiota provide many essential services to their host. To better understand the diversity of such services provided by gut microbiota in wild rodents, we assembled metagenome shotgun sequence data from a small mammal, the bank vole Myodes glareolus (Rodentia, Cricetidae). We were able to identify 254 metagenome assembled genomes (MAGs) that were at least 50% ( n = 133 MAGs), 80% ( n = 77 MAGs) or 95% ( n = 44 MAGs) complete. As typical for a rodent gut microbiota, these MAGs are dominated by taxa assigned to the phyla Bacteroidetes ( n = 132 MAGs) and Firmicutes ( n = 80), with some Spirochaetes ( n = 15) and Proteobacteria ( n = 11). Based on coverage over…
Expansion of rDNA and pericentromere satellite repeats in the genomes of bank voles Myodes glareolus exposed to environmental radionuclides
2021
Abstract Altered copy number of certain highly repetitive regions of the genome, such as satellite DNA within heterochromatin and ribosomal RNA loci (rDNA), is hypothesized to help safeguard the genome against damage derived from external stressors. We quantified copy number of the 18S rDNA and a pericentromeric satellite DNA (Msat‐160) in bank voles (Myodes glareolus) inhabiting the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone (CEZ), an area that is contaminated by radionuclides and where organisms are exposed to elevated levels of ionizing radiation. We found a significant increase in 18S rDNA and Msat‐160 content in the genomes of bank voles from contaminated locations within the CEZ compared with animals f…
Analysis of heteroplasmy in bank voles inhabiting the Chernobyl exclusion zone : A commentary on Baker et al. (2017) "Elevated mitochondrial genome v…
2018
Fungal-Mediated Multitrophic Interactions - Do Grass Endophytes in Diet Protect Voles from Predators?
2010
Plant-associated micro-organisms such as mycotoxin-producing endophytes commonly have direct negative effects on herbivores. These effects may be carried over to natural enemies of the herbivores, but this has been rarely explored. We examined how feeding on Neotyphodium endophyte infected (E+) and endophyte free (E−) meadow ryegrass (Scherodonus pratensis) affects body mass, population size and mobility of sibling voles (Microtus levis), and whether the diet mediates the vulnerability of voles to least weasel (Mustela nivalis nivalis) predation. Because least weasels are known to be olfactory hunters, we also examined whether they are able to distinguish olfactory cues of voles fed on E+ a…
Epigenetic mechanisms behind phenotypic changes in different population densities in bank voles (Myodes glareolus)
2017
Metsämyyrän (Myodes glareolus) fenotyyppisten muutosten epigeneettiset mekanismit eri populaatiotiheyksissä. Epigeneettisilla mekanismeilla on perustava rooli normaalissa geeniekspression aktiivisuudessa ja ne voidaan nähdä molekulaaristen prosessien systeeminä, joka reagoi ympäristötekijöihin ja säätelee geenisäätelyä muuttamatta alkuperäistä DNA-sekvenssiä. DNA-metylaatio on eniten tutkittu epigeneettinen mekanismi jolla on tärkeä rooli geenien säätelyssä normaalin solujen kehityksen aikana. Metylaatio ilmenee tyypillisesti CpG-dinukleotideissa, joissa metyyliryhmä kiinnittyy 5’-sytosiiniin (C) jota seuraava emäs on guaniini (G). Tämä voi estää näihin CpG-paikkoihin liittyvien geenien ilm…
Genetic diversity in the wild : cyclic population dynamics and population isolation
2013
Polyandry and its effect on male and female fitness
2006
Miksi metsämyyränaaraalla on useampia rakastajia, on mielenkiintoinen kysymys evoluutioekologiassa. Yksi koiras riittäisi hyvin hedelmöittämään kaikki naaraan munasolut, ja useamman koiraan kanssa jatkuvat lemmenleikit altistavat naaraan niin pedon hampaille kuin tautiriskille. Useamman koiraan kanssa parittelu näyttää kuitenkin olevan enemmän sääntö kuin poikkeus.Ines Klemmen väitöskirjatutkimuksen aiheena oli selvittää, mitä hyötyä naaraalle on useamman koiraan kanssa parittelusta. Klemme osoitti tutkimuksessaan, että mitä useamman koiraan kanssa metsämyyränaaras parittelee yhden lisääntymiskerran aikana, sitä parempi on sen lisääntymistulos. Metsämyyrän poikuekoko on 5-6, ja naaras saatt…
Pre- and Postnatal Predator Cues Shape Offspring Anti-predatory Behavior Similarly in the Bank Vole
2021
Prey animals can assess the risks predators present in different ways. For example, direct cues produced by predators can be used, but also signals produced by prey conspecifics that have engaged in non-lethal predator-prey interactions. These non-lethal interactions can thereby affect the physiology, behavior, and survival of prey individuals, and may affect offspring performance through maternal effects. We investigated how timing of exposure to predation-related cues during early development affects offspring behavior after weaning. Females in the laboratory were exposed during pregnancy or lactation to one of three odor treatments: (1) predator odor (PO) originating from their most comm…
Secondhand horror: effects of direct and indirect predator cues on behavior and reproduction of the bank vole
2019
Risk recognition by prey is of paramount importance within the evolutionary arms race between predator and prey. Prey species are able to detect direct predator cues like odors and adjust their behavior appropriately. The question arises whether an indirect predation cue, such as the odor of scared individuals, can be detected by conspecifics and subsequently affects recipient behavior. Parents may also transfer their experience with predators to their offspring. In two experiments, we assessed how direct and indirect predation cues affect bank vole (Myodes glareolus) foraging behavior, reproduction, and pup fitness. Weasel (Mustela nivalis) odor served as the direct cue, whereas the odor o…