Search results for "metsälaitumet"

Ectomycorrhizal fungi in wood-pastures : Communities are determined by trees and soil properties, not by grazing

2019

Traditional rural biotopes such as wood-pastures are species-rich environments that have been created by low-intensity agriculture. Their amount has decreased dramatically during the 20th century in whole Europe due to the intensification of agriculture. Wood-pastures host some fungal species that prefer warm areas and are adapted to semi-open conditions, but still very little is known about fungi in these habitats. We studied how management, historical land-use intensity, present grazing intensity, time since abandonment, and stand conditions affect the species richness and community composition of ectomycorrhizal fungi. We surveyed fruit bodies on three 10 m × 10 m study plots in 36 sites…

Semi-natural habitats in the European boreal region: Caught in the socio-ecological extinction vortex?

2022

AbstractWe propose to consider semi-natural habitats—hotspots for biodiversity—being caught in a socio-ecological extinction vortex, similar to the phenomenon described for species threatened with extinction. These habitats are essentially socioecological systems, in which socioeconomic drivers are interlinked with ecological processes. We identify four highly interlinked and mutually reinforcing socio-economic processes, pertaining to the importance of semi-natural habitats for (i) agricultural production, (ii) policy, research and development; (iii) vocational education in the fields of agricultural sciences and (iv) public’s experiences with semi-natural habitats. Evidence from six count…

The effect of grazing history on fungal diversity in broadleaved wood pastures

2012

Traditional rural biotopes such as wood pastures are species rich habitats which have been created by extensive agriculture. In all European countries both the quality and quantity of traditional rural biotopes have drastically decreased during the past century because of increasing farming intensity. This decline is causing a threat to many species, but very little is known about the conservation ecology of fungi living in wood pastures. Considering vascular plants, it is known that sites with long management history have higher species richness compared to abandoned sites. It is also known that species richness is highest with intermediate grazing intensity. In this study I investigated i…

Multitaxa species richness of a wood-pasture complex in the Finnish SW-archipelago

2019

Traditional rural biotopes such as semi-natural grasslands and wood-pastures are among the most threatened biotopes in Finland. Archipelago Sea area hosts an especially representative collection of these biotopes, considering both their combined area and average quality. We surveyed birds, vascular plants, bryophytes, polypores and ground-inhabiting stipitate macrofungi in one wood-pasture complex in Korppoo, Archipelago Sea area. Here we report and discuss the results of these surveys. We detected altogether 457 species, including 8 red-listed bird species and 6 red-listed vascular plant species. We didn´t detect any red-listed bryophytes or fungi, but also these groups included several ra…

Plant biodiversity in boreal wood-pastures : impacts of grazing and abandonment

2016

Maatalouden ympäristötukijärjestelmään kuuluvien perinnebiotooppien hoidon kustannukset Keski-Suomessa

2016

Perinnebiotoopit ovat perinteisen karjatalouden synnyttämiä monimuotoisia niittyjä ja puustoisia luonnonlaitumia, joita ylläpitää niitto tai laidunnus. Perinnebiotooppien määrä on vähentynyt rajusti maatalouden tehostumisen myötä. Merkittävin uhanalaistumisen syy on perinnebiotooppien umpeenkasvu laidunnuksen ja niiton loputtua, mutta myös pellonraivaus ja metsittäminen ovat hävittäneet perinnebiotooppeja runsaasti. Perinnebiotooppien hoitomenetelmät perustuvat niittoon ja laidunnukseen sekä tarvittaessa alkuraivaukseen. Perinnebiotooppien hoitoon voi saada maatalouden ympäristökorvausta. Hoitosopimus korvaa viljelijälle ne suorat kustannukset, joita kohteen hoitaminen synnyttää. Joskus per…

Conservation of traditional rural biotopes in Finland : a social-ecological approach

2018

This research focuses on conservation of traditional rural biotopes, which are biodiverse meadows and wood-pastures that are dependent on management through grazing or mowing. These low-intensity management actions have become rare as a result of agricultural modernisation. I have utilised a social-ecological approach in order to seek for the most critical factors hindering conservation of traditional rural biotopes in Finland. I also explore practical solutions that have the potential to improve their conservation status. The coverage of traditional rural biotopes has faced severe habitat loss during the last 150 years. This has led to endangerment of several habitat types and species that…