Search results for "miR"
showing 10 items of 1117 documents
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation over the left parietal cortex facilitates visual search for a letter among its mirror images
2015
Interference by task irrelevant information is seen in visual search paradigms using letters. Thus, it is harder to find the letter 'N' among its mirror reversals 'Icyrillic' than vice versa. This observation, termed the reversed letter effect, involves both a linguistic association and an interference of task irrelevant information - the shape of 'N' or 'Icyrillic' is irrelevant, the search requires merely distinguishing the tilts of oblique bars. We adapted the repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) methods that we previously used, and conducted three rTMS experiments using healthy subjects. The first experiment investigated the effects of rTMS on the left and right posterior…
Modulation of premotor mirror neuron activity during observation of unpredictable grasping movements.
2004
Using transcranial magnetic stimulation, we explored the properties of premotor mirror neurons during the passive observation of a reaching-grasping movement in human subjects. Two different experiments were run using video-clips as visual stimuli. Video-clips showed a normally performed (control stimulus) or an anomalous reaching-grasping movement executed by delaying the time of the appearance of the maximal finger aperture (experiment 1), or substituting it with an unpredictable closure (experiment 2). Motor evoked potentials were recorded at different time-points during the observation of the video-clips. Profiles of cortical excitability were drawn and compared with the kinematic profi…
Release of premotor activity after repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of prefrontal cortex
2008
In the present study we aimed to explore by means of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) the reciprocal influences between prefrontal cortex (PFC) and premotor cortex (PMC). Subjects were asked to observe on a computer monitor different pictures representing manipulations of different kind of tools. They had to produce a movement (go condition) or to keep the resting position (no-go condition) at the appearance of different cue signals represented by different colors shown alternatively on the hands manipulating the tools or on the picture background. Motor evoked potentials (MEPs) were collected at the offset of the visual stimuli before and after a 10 minute, 1 Hz rTMS tra…
Evidence of noncentrosymmetry of human tooth hydroxyapatite crystals
2014
Herein, we investigate human single hydroxyapatite crystals (enamel and dentine) by convergent-beam electron diffraction (CBED) and automated electron-diffraction tomography (ADT). The CBED pattern shows the absence of the mirror plane perpendicular to the c axis leading to the P63 space group instead of the P63 /m space group considered for larger-scale crystals, this is confirmed by ADT. This experimental evidence is of prime importance for understanding the morphogenesis and the architectural organization of calcified tissues.
Accommodation Responds to Optical Vergence and Not Defocus Blur Alone.
2017
Purpose To determine whether changes in wavefront spherical curvature (optical vergence) are a directional cue for accommodation. Methods Nine subjects participated in this experiment. The accommodation response to a monochromatic target was measured continuously with a custom-made adaptive optics system while astigmatism and higher-order aberrations were corrected in real time. There were two experimental open-loop conditions: vergence-driven condition, where the deformable mirror provided sinusoidal changes in defocus at the retina between -1 and +1 diopters (D) at 0.2 Hz; and blur-driven condition, in which the level of defocus at the retina was always 0 D, but a sinusoidal defocus blur …
Early improvement under mirtazapine and paroxetine predicts later stable response and remission with high sensitivity in patients with major depressi…
2003
OBJECTIVE Current clinical knowledge holds that antidepressants have a delayed onset of efficacy. However, the delayed onset hypothesis has been questioned recently by survival analytical approaches. We aimed to test whether early improvement under antidepressant treatment is a clinically useful predictor of later stable response and remission. METHOD We analyzed data from a randomized double-blind controlled trial with mirtazapine and paroxetine in patients with major depression (DSM-IV). Improvement was defined as a 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D-17) score reduction of > or = 20%. Stable response was defined as > or = 50% HAM-D-17 score reduction at week 4 and week 6,…
Impact of the WHO depression guideline on patient care by psychiatrists: a randomized controlled trial.
2008
AbstractBackgroundScientific literature reviews aim to summarize the state of knowledge and published empirical evidence. In contrast, medical guidelines are intervention tools that aim to improve physician behaviour and patient outcome. They can have positive effects, but they can also have negative effects. Their effects must be tested by research.MethodsIn a randomized controlled trial, 103 psychiatrists in private practice were either provided with the WHO depression guideline only (information group), or provided with the WHO depression guideline and trained for one day in this guideline (intervention group), or left uninformed (control group). They then treated a total of 497 patients…
Mirtazapine compared with paroxetine in major depression.
2000
Background: The aim was to compare the efficacy and tolerability of mirtazapine with those of paroxetine. Method: 275 outpatients with a diagnosis of major depressive episode (DSM-IV) and a score ≥ 18 on the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D-17) were randomly assigned to 6 weeks of treatment with mirtazapine (15-45 mg/day) or paroxetine (20-40 mg/day). Efficacy was assessed by the HAM-D-17, Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAM-A), and Clinical Global Impressions scales (Severity and Improvement), and analyses were performed on the intent-to-treat sample (127 mirtazapine-treated patients and 123 paroxetine-treated patients). Results: Mean daily doses were 32.7 mg of mirta…
A unique fatal case of Waterhouse–Friderichsen syndrome caused by Proteus mirabilis in an immunocompetent subject
2019
Abstract Introduction: The Waterhouse–Friderichsen syndrome (WFS), also known as purpura fulminans, is a potentially lethal condition described as acute hemorrhagic necrosis of the adrenal glands. It is often caused by infection. Classically, Neisseriae meningitidis represents the main microorganism related to WFS, although, infrequently, also other infectious agents are reported as a possible etiologic agent. The authors report the first case of death due to Proteus mirabilis infection, with postmortem evidence of WFS. Patient concerns: After a facial trauma that provoked a wound on the nose, the subject, a healthy 40-years old man, was conducted to the local hospital (in Sicily, Italy) af…
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of the Antidepressant Mirtazapine and Its N-Demethylated Metabolite in Human Serum
2004
Mirtazapine is a novel antidepressant that acts by enhancing serotonergic and noradrenergic neurotransmission. Because very little is known about serum concentrations in relation to clinical effects, the use of therapeutic drug monitoring is so far unclear. A rapid automated HPLC method with fluorescence detection was developed for routine quantification of mirtazapine and its demethylated metabolite N-desmethylmirtazapine in human serum. The precision of the method was suitable because the day-to-day (n = 7) coefficient of variation (CV) of mirtazapine was 9.8, 4.2, and 5.1% for concentrations of 10, 40, and 80 ng/mL, respectively, and the CV for N-desmethylmirtazapine were 11.6, 10.3, and…