Search results for "microbial diversity"
showing 10 items of 45 documents
Impact assessment of irrigation by treated wastewater on soil bacterial genetic structure diversity of Nabeul-Tunisia irrigated areas
2011
Affiche, résumé. Session AS: Agricullural Soils: Biodiverslly and Functloning; International audience
Relationship between microbial diversity and soil organic matter turnover
2011
International audience
Use of functional traits to study microbial diversity
2012
Microbial communities have a central role in many ecosystem functions such as biogeochemical cycling, filtering and climate regulation. However, while functional trait-based approaches are commonly used for at least two decades in microbiology, most microbial ecology studies are still carried out with the rRNA genes. This talk will highlight the advantages of trait-based approaches for studying microbial diversity and its relationship with ecosystem functions. For this purpose, denitrification, a microbial process involved in N-cycling, was selected as a model functional trait. Using both naturally assembled and artificially manipulated communities, we will show how the diversity of the den…
GnS-PIPE: an optimized bionformatic pipeline to efficiently assess microbial taxonomic diversity of complex environments using high throughput sequen…
2013
International audience; The rRNA genes (16S, 18S, ITS) are widely used to study microbial communities in soils, as they can be easily amplified from metagenomic DNA. Moreover, the recent development of high-throughput sequencing technologies allows the assessment of millions of sequences from a single metagenomic DNA. Some pipelines are already available (e.g. QIIME or Mothur) to efficiently treat such data. However, the development of bioinformatic tools must now be validated by various biological tests. This was particularly true for key steps to appraise microbial diversity and richness. Here, we present a new pipeline named GnS-PIPE, a software application performing bacterial, archaeal…
GnS-PIPE: an optimized bionformatic pipeline to efficiently assess microbial taxonomic diversity of complex environments using high throughput sequen…
2013
International audience; The rRNA genes (16S, 18S, ITS) are widely used to study microbial communities in soils, as they can be easily amplified from metagenomic DNA. Moreover, the recent development of high-throughput sequencing technologies allows the assessment of millions of sequences from a single metagenomic DNA. Some pipelines are already available (e.g. QIIME or Mothur) to efficiently treat such data. However, the development of bioinformatic tools must now be validated by various biological tests. This was particularly true for key steps to appraise microbial diversity and richness. Here, we present a new pipeline named GnS-PIPE, a software application performing bacterial, archaeal…
Nitrogen cycling microbial communities: from diversity to interactions and functions
2019
Soil microorganisms form one of the largest biodiversity reservoirs on earth. They also play essential roles in ecosystem functions such as biogeochemical cycling. However, the importance of microbial community diversity and composition for ecosystem functioning is still debated. A sound understanding of the ecological processes governing the assembly of these communities in the environment is also missing. In this talk, I will give examples of how we addressed these knowledge gaps using nitrogen cycling microorganisms as model functional guilds. Nitrogen is the most limiting nutrient for crop production in agriculture. The nitrogen cycle is also one which was pushed by human activities out…
Linking microbial diversity and ecosystem functioning: The nitrogen cycle example
2014
Microbial communities have a central role in ecosystem processes by driving the Earth’s biogeochemical cycles. However, the importance of microbial diversity for ecosystem functioning is still debated. While functional trait-based approaches are commonly used for at least two decades in microbiology, most microbial diversity studies are still carried out with the rRNA genes. This talk will show how metagenomic approaches targeting microbial guilds involved in nitrogen cycling can help bridging microbial community ecology and ecosystem processes in terrestrial environments.
Including the soil microbiota in the quality evaluation of soils vulnerable to desertification
2021
The soil microbiota is recognized as key player in both diversity and productivity of terrestrial ecosystems and it is mandatory to include its role in soil quality evaluation. Drivers of below-ground diversity are still largely unknown and is still unclear if the main soil features (i.e. soil organic matter, nutrient and water availability) are potential drivers of microbial diversity or are regulated by it. Increasingly negative effects of climate change due to drought and extreme weather phenomena are causing Mediterranean soil degradation that rapidly degenerates to desertification. Within the LIFE Desert-Adapt project we investigated bacterial diversity in soils of southern Europe unde…
Dynamique de la communauté microbienne de sols tropicaux suite à une application répétée de fertilisants organiques et minéraux
2019
Organic waste products (OWP) with NPK mineral fertilization are known to have an impact on soil microbial communities. However, dynamic of these communities following a repeated OWP and NPK application has not been well described. In the present study, this dynamic was observed on soil sampled at the La Mare (La Réunion) field experiment, which was set up in 2013. This experiment includes control plot (without organic input, but mineral fertilization) and several plots receiving different types of OWP coupled with NPK fertilization. Physico-chemical parameters were measured on soils and OWPs (2013 to 2017). Soil microbial biomass (from 2013 to 2018) and the structure of microbial community …
The influence of backslopping on lactic acid bacteria diversity in tarhana fermentation
2020
Tarhana is produced at batch systems in which the microbiota has changed accordingly to the microbial load from ingredients. In order to stabilize the microbiota, the effects of backslopping carried out under different temperature regimes (25 and 30 °C), pH (3.70 and 4.00) and inoculation rates (5, 10 and 15%) on lactic acid bacteria (LAB) diversity were determined in tarhana dough. LAB and Total Aerobic Mesophilic Bacteria (TAMB) numbers increased in all tarhana dough samples subjected to backslopping. Temperature and pH significantly affected the microbiological diversity of tarhana whereas the different inoculation rates did not. Tarhana dough showed complex tarhana microbiota following …