Search results for "microbial"
showing 10 items of 2041 documents
Temporal dynamics of soil bacterial communities at a landscape scale: dependence to soil properties and agricultural practices.
2019
International audience; Soil microbial communities play a major role in agricultural functions and are an efficient indicator to evaluate the impacts of agricultural practices on soils. Studies on wide scales ranging from landscape to countries demonstrated that soil microbial communities were heterogeneously distributed in space under the dependence of soil properties (e.g. pH, soil texture, Organic matter Content) and agricultural practices. However, temporal dynamics of soil microbial communities at a landscape scale still need to be documented in order to go further in evaluating the sustainability of agricultural practices. In this extensive monitoring study, we focused on landscape dy…
Insights into the unexplored diversity of the nitrous oxide reducing microbial community
2012
Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a major radiative forcing and stratospheric ozone depleting gas emitted from terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. It can be transformed to N2 by bacteria and archaea harboring the nitrous oxide reductase (N2OR), which is the only known N2O sink in the biosphere. Despite its crucial role in mitigating N2O emissions, knowledge of the N2OR in the environment remains limited. Here, we report a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of the nosZ gene coding the N2OR in genomes retrieved from public databases. The resulting phylogeny revealed two distinct clades of nosZ, with one unaccounted for in studies investigating N2O reducing communities. Examination of N2OR structural el…
Studying and modelling soil microbial communities dynamics at a landscape scale in response to agricultural practices
2019
Soil microbial communities play a major role in soil fertility and are important as bioindicators to evaluate the impacts of agricultural practices on soils. The challenge is to promote their use in order to support / accelerate innovation by proposing to farmers the tools necessary to assess the impacts of practice modifications on the soil microbial composition before implementing and validating them. The goal of this thesis is to characterize spatial and temporal dynamics of soil microbial communities at the scale of an agricultural landscape in order to create models and propose a Decision Support Instrument (DSI) for stakeholders in the agricultural communities. This will use a multi-d…
Studying and modelling the dynamics of soil microbial communities at a landscape scale in response to agricultural practices
2019
National audience; Soil Microbial communities play a major role in soil fertility and are important as bioindicators to evaluate the impacts of agricultural practices on soils. The challenge is to promote their use in order to support / accelerate innovation by proposing to farmers the tools necessary to assess the impacts of practice modifications on the soil microbial composition before implementing and validating them. The goal of this thesis is to characterize spatial and temporal dynamics of soil microbial communities at the scale of an agricultural landscape in order to create models and propose a Decision Support Instrument (DSI) for stakeholders in the agricultural communities. This…
Microbial-biogeography at the scale of France by the use of molecular tools applied to the French soil quality monitoring network (RMQS)
2009
International audience
Biodechlord : à la recherche de traces de dégradation microbienne du chlordécone dans les sols contaminés des Antilles
2014
Session 5 - Milieux impactés / Impacted mediaSession 5 - Milieux impactés / Impacted media; Objectives: Chlordecone was intensively used in the French West Indies (FWI) to control the banana weewil. Recent surveys showed that arable soils cropped with banana, representing up to 20,000 ha, are contaminated this insecticide with concentrations ranging between 0.2 and 37.4 mg kg−1. Chlordecone was classified as a persistent organic pollutant in May 2009. It is not only contaminating soil resources but also water resources where it is often detected. This insecticide is bioaccumulated in different plant and animals thereby contaminating the food chain causing an important human health. This con…
Soil microbial community fragmentation reveals indirect effects of pesticide application mediated through biotic interactions between taxa
2022
In soil ecosystems, microorganisms exist in complex and diverse communities where microbial taxa are linked through different types of interactions. Therefore, pesticide application will not only directly affect certain microbial taxa, but will also have indirect effects throughout the community mediated through these interactions. These indirect effects may also influence ecosystem functions. In this study, a naturally occurring soil microbial community was fragmented by filtering a soil suspension and inoculating sterile soil microcosms. The effect of the fungicide Hymexazol on community structure and function was tested on the separate fractions and on the unfragmented community after a …
Microbial metacommunity: a METABAR coding approach
2017
Microbial metacommunity: a METABAR coding approach. 2017 Scientific MEM days: Journées scientifiques MEM (Métaomiques et écosystèmes microbiens)
Deciphering biotic interactions and their role in soil microbial community assembly and functions: using community manipulation to steer soil microbi…
2022
Microbial communities play a key role in ecosystem functioning as well as in plant, animal, and human welfare. Their assembly relies on different processes commonly referred to as abiotic and biotic filters. Despite the widespread emphasis on abiotic filters in terrestrial ecosystems, a growing body of evidence suggests that interactions between microorganisms play a critical role in community assembly. However, the contribution of these interactions to microbial community assembly and the factors influencing them have not been clearly established. In most cases, biotic interactions between microorganisms have been investigated based on cocultures of a handful of strains, completely overloo…
Soil microbial diversity effects on primary production and symbiotic interactions
2013
SPEEAEcolDurGenoSolGEAPSI; The importance of telluric microorganisms linked together by trophic exchanges with plants, that sustain all ecosystems through primary production, is known. However, the role of soil microbial diversity for primary production remains controversial. A diversity decreasing was achieved, by inoculating a sterilized soil with serial dilutions of a suspension from the same non-sterilized soil, to determine the consequences of microbial diversity erosion on the growth and fitness of three plant species more or less dependent on symbionts, Medicago truncatula, Brachypodium distachyon and Arabidopsis thaliana. The results showed that the impact of microbial diversity dec…