Search results for "microcirculation"
showing 10 items of 319 documents
Intravital Microscopy in the Cremaster Muscle Microcirculation for Endothelial Dysfunction Studies
2015
The intravital microscopy in the mouse cremaster muscle microcirculation is a method widely used to visualize in vivo blood cells interacting with the endothelium and within the vessels. Therefore, it is a suitable technique to study leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions along every stage of the canonical leukocyte recruitment cascade: rolling, adhesion, intravascular crawling, and migration both in postcapillary venules and arterioles of the mouse cremasteric microcirculation. This technique also enables to assess vessel functionality, since hemodynamic parameters such as shear stress, flow rate, and vasodilatation/vasoconstriction, among other vascular events, can be additionally determ…
Efficacy of intra-arterial lidocaine infusion in the treatment of cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis
2020
Background Disturbances in pancreatic microcirculation, beginning with vasoconstriction, are crucial in early pancreatitis and progression to necrotizing pancreatitis. Thus, vascular-targeted treatment aiming to restore a sufficient level of microcirculation through vasodilation would possibly reduce the severity of pancreatitis. Lidocaine is an anti-arrhythmic and local anesthetic drug, which also acts as a vasodilator at higher concentrations. Objectives To evaluate the efficacy of intra-arterial infusion of lidocaine into the celiac trunk in treatment of cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis. Material and methods Wistar rats (n = 20) were randomly divided into 2 equal groups: the control g…
Budlein A from Viguiera robusta inhibits leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions, adhesion molecule expression and inflammatory mediators release
2009
Budlein A has been reported to exert some analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we have evaluated its effect on LPS-induced leukocyte recruitment in vivo and the mechanisms involved in its anti-inflammatory activity. In vivo, intravital videomicroscopy was used to determine the effects of budlein A on LPS-induced leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions in the murine cremasteric microcirculation. In vitro, the effects of budlein A on LPS-induced cytokine, chemokine and nitrites release, T-cell proliferative response as well as cell adhesion molecule expression (CAM) were evaluated. In vivo, intraperitoneal administration of budlein A (2.6 mM/kg) caused a significant redu…
Impact of antithrombin III on hepatic and intestinal microcirculation in experimental liver cirrhosis and bowel inflammation: An in vivo analysis
2005
AIM: To analyze the hepatic and intestinal microcirculation in an animal model of liver cirrhosis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and to characterize the anti-inflammatory action of antithrombin III (ATIII) on leukocyte kinetics and liver damage. METHODS: Hepatic and intestinal microcirculation was investigated by intravital videomicroscopy. Standardized models of experimental chronic liver cirrhosis and bowel inflammation were employed. Animals were divided into four groups (n = 6/group): controls, animals with cirrhosis, animals with cirrhosis and IBD, animals with cirrhosis and IBD treated with ATIII. RESULTS: Cirrhosis facilitated leukocyte rolling and sticking in hepatic sinusoids…
Human amniotic stem cells improve hepatic microvascular dysfunction and portal hypertension in cirrhotic rats
2020
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Portal hypertension is the main consequence of cirrhosis, responsible for the complications defining clinical decompensation. The only cure for decompensated cirrhosis is liver transplantation, but it is a limited resource and opens the possibility of regenerative therapy. We investigated the potential of primary human amniotic membrane-derived mesenchymal stromal (hAMSCs) and epithelial (hAECs) stem cells for the treatment of portal hypertension and decompensated cirrhosis. METHODS In vitro: Primary liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) from cirrhotic rats (chronic CCl4 inhalation) were co-cultured with hAMSCs, hAECs or vehicle for…
Portal hypertension and variceal bleeding: An AASLD single topic symposium
1998
In June 1996, the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases sponsored a single topic workshop combining a two-day symposium on liver microcirculation in health and diseases1 followed by a two day consensus workshop on portal hypertension and variceal bleeding. The goal of the combined conference was to identify areas of critical importance in the understanding and treatment of portal hypertension and to foster future collaborative research projects. The portal hypertension-variceal bleeding conference consisted of eight panel discussions, each highlighting a specific topic related to evaluation and treatment of portal hypertension. The chair of each panel was charged to summarize…
Microangiectasias: Structural regulators of lymphocyte transmigration
2003
The migration of lymphocytes into inflammatory tissue requires the migrating cell to overcome mechanical forces produced by blood flow. A generally accepted hypothesis is that these forces are overcome by a multistep sequence of adhesive interactions between lymphocytes and endothelial cells. This hypothesis has been recently challenged by results demonstrating wall shear stress on the order of 20 dyn/cm 2 in vivo and infrequent lymphocyte–endothelial adhesion at wall shear stress >1–2 dyn/cm 2 in vitro . Here, we show that lymphocyte slowing and transmigration in the skin is associated with microangiectasias, i.e., focal structural dilatations of microvessel segments. Microangiectasias…
Microcirculatory Assessment of Arterial Below-Knee Stumps: Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Versus Transcutaneous Oxygen Tension—A Preliminary Study in Pro…
2017
International audience; Objective: To examine metrologic properties of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) versus transcutaneous oxygen tension (TcPO2) for micro-circulatory assessment of vascular transtibial stumps at the stabilized period of prosthesis fitting, as a preliminary step before exploring its ability to predict stump healing, considering the previously identified limits of TcPO2 (borderline area between 15 and 35mmHg).Design: Prospective single-center observational study.Setting: University-based rehabilitation center.Participants: Individuals with unilateral transtibial amputation for peripheral artery disease, at the definitive stage of prosthesis fitting, able to perform a 2-m…
Nifedipine improves blood flow and oxygen supply, but not steady-state oxygenation of tumours in perfusion pressure-controlled isolated limb perfusio…
2002
Isolated limb perfusion allows the direct application of therapeutic agents to a tumour-bearing extremity. The present study investigated whether the dihydropyridine-type Ca2+-channel blocker nifedipine could improve blood flow and oxygenation status of experimental tumours during isolated limb perfusion. Perfusion was performed by cannulation of the femoral artery and vein in rats bearing DS-sarcoma on the hind foot dorsum. Perfusion rate was adjusted to maintain a perfusion pressure of 100–140 mmHg throughout the experiment. Following equilibration, nifedipine was continuously infused for 30 min (8.3 μg min−1 kg−1 BW). During constant-pressure isolated limb perfusion, nifedipine can signi…
Midostaurin upregulates eNOS gene expression and preserves eNOS function in the microcirculation of the mouse
2005
Nitric oxide (NO) derived from endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) is a powerful vasodilator and possesses vasoprotective effects. Therefore, augmentation of eNOS expression and -activity by pharmacological means could provide protection against cardiovascular disease. However, this concept has been questioned recently, because in several disease models, eNOS upregulation was associated with a dysfunctional enzyme (referred to as eNOS uncoupling). In contrast, the present study demonstrates that an eNOS gene expression-enhancing compound with additional protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitory properties can upregulate eNOS while preserving its enzymatic function. Apolipoprotein E-knockout mice were tr…