Search results for "misconception"
showing 10 items of 10 documents
Attitudes and beliefs about hypnosis: A multicultural study
2008
The aim of this study is to examine the effects of having personal experience and information about hypnosis over the beliefs and attitudes toward hypnosis, using a sample of students from Spain, United States, Portugal and Romania. The factor structure of the Revised Valencia Scale of Attitudes and Beliefs toward Hypnosis-Client Version, as well as its psychometric properties are also analyzed. An exploratory factor analysis of the scale was conducted and an 8-factor model solution similar to the one found in other versions of this scale was obtained: Help, Personal Control, Magical Solution, Interest, Collaboration, Fear, Memory/Trance and Marginal. Results also indicated that participant…
Didactic proposal to change misconceptions about the contribution of the fusion of the ice to the rise in sea level
2020
En la actualidad existen muchos estudios acerca del conocimiento teórico de la población sobre el cambio climático. Los resultados de estos estudios muestran la existencia de confusiones e ideas alternativas respecto a determinados fenómenos y conceptos básicos de gran importancia, las cuales constituyen un serio obstáculo para el aprendizaje en educación ambiental. En este trabajo se analiza una de esas ideas, relacionada con el impacto directo que tiene la fusión del hielo flotante en el aumento del nivel del mar. Concretamente, se muestra una primera aproximación respecto a su extensión y fortaleza entre alumnado de secundaria y profesorado en formación, detallando a su vez una estrategi…
Misconceptions of the p-value among Chilean and Italian academic psychologists
2016
Common misconceptions of p-values are based on certain beliefs and attributions about the significance of the results. Thus, they affect the professionals' decisions and jeopardize the quality of interventions and the accumulation of valid scientific knowledge. We conducted a survey on 164 academic psychologists (134 Italian, 30 Chilean) questioned on this topic. Our findings are consistent with previous research and suggest that some participants do not know how to correctly interpret p-values. The inverse probability fallacy presents the greatest comprehension problems, followed by the replication fallacy. These results highlight the importance of the statistical re-education of researche…
Una aproximación a las concepciones de estudiantes preuniversitarios y universitarios sobre pilas galvánicas
2014
En el presente trabajo se han investigado las concepciones alternativas sobre pilas galvánicas y las interpretaciones de los procesos que tienen lugar en una pila voltaica simple. Han participado en él 55 estudiantes del 2º de Bachillerato español (curso previo al ingreso en la universidad) y 43 estudiantes de primer año del Grado de Química. El análisis comparativo de los resultados de la administración de un test y de una pregunta abierta revela que: a) Tanto los estudiantes de 2º de bachillerato como los de 1º de Grado sostienen concepciones erróneas sobre pilas galvánicas; b) No hay diferencias significativas en las concepciones e interpretaciones entre ambos grupos de estudiantes, y c)…
Fallacies about p-Value Shared by Professors and University Students
2017
Resumen La “Práctica Basada en la Evidencia” requiere a los profesionales valorar de forma crítica los resultados de las investigaciones psicológicas. Sin embargo, las interpretaciones incorrectas de los valores p de probabilidad son abundantes y repetitivas. Estas interpretaciones incorrectas pueden afectar las decisiones profesionales y poner en riesgo la calidad de las intervenciones y la acumulación de un conocimiento científico válido. Por lo tanto, identificar el tipo de falacia que subyace a las decisiones estadísticas es fundamental para abordar y planificar estrategias de educación estadística dirigidas a intervenir sobre las interpretaciones incorrectas. En consecuencia, el objeti…
A Scale of Knowledge and Beliefs about Developmental Dyslexia: Scale Development and Validation
2014
Abstract The purpose of this study was to create and validate a scale measuring knowledge and beliefs regarding developmental dyslexia. A four-step procedure was followed to achieve this objective. A literature review generated a preliminary pool of 65 items. A group of 12 university teachers of learning disabilities read the items for content and face validity and offered comments. Based on their comments, some items were combined, and confusing items were changed or eliminated, which left a scale of 50 items, with the response options of true (V), false (F) or dont know (NS). Later, each participant, using a description of the scales, placed each item into one of the three subscales. An i…
Development of a Chemistry Concept Inventory for General Chemistry Students at Norwegian and Finnish Universities
2018
A Chemistry concept inventory has been developed for assessing students’ learning and identifying alternative conceptions that students may have in general chemistry. The inventory aims at functioning as a tool for adjusting teaching practices in chemistry and is mainly aimed at assessing students’ learning during general chemistry courses. The inventory was administered as a post-test in a general chemistry course at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) in spring 2015, and evaluated using different statistical tests, focusing both on item analysis and the test as a whole. The results from this analysis indicated that the concept inventory is a reliable and discriminati…
Obstacles to the problematization of time in an interdisciplinary approach: the explanation of some natural phenomena by Tunisian students and teache…
2009
This research focuses on learning and teaching of biology and geology by students and teachers. The use of geological time in the explanation of some natural phenomena by learners is difficult. We use an epistemological reflection on the teaching and study of this concept in an interdisciplinary approach by using elements of history and philosophy of science. An accurate diagnosis of the difficulties of learners through many research methods let us understand their problems and suggest strategies to facilitate the acquisition not only the concept of time but also other concepts in science. The main objectif of this research is to identify epistemological obstacles to problematization of tim…
Errores conceptuales que dificultan la resolución de problemas de multiplicación y división: Análisis de la eficacia del “Programa de Apoyo Compartid…
2014
Actualmente, el concepto misconceptions responde a interpretaciones creadas sobre la base de las convicciones desarrolladas a través de un aprendizaje, por tanto, se consideran fruto de un conocimiento (Sbaragli y Santi, 2011). El término misconception es utilizado para describir todas las ideas no completamente exactas que los estudiantes aportan a su aprendizaje (Kaut, 2013; Russell, O'Dwyer & Miranda, 2009). En matemáticas frecuentemente se presentan misconceptions persistentes y estos pueden ocasionar graves problemas, si no son resueltos (Ayyildiz & Altun, 2013; Biber, Tuna & Korkmaz, 2013; Cueli, García & González-Castro, 2013). La comprensión y el uso de estrategias efectivas para ay…
Statistical misconceptions, awareness, and attitudes towards open science practices in Slovak psychology researchers
2023
In the years following the reproducibility crisis in behavioral sciences, increased attention of the scientific community has been dedicated to the correct application of statistical inference and promotion of open science practices. In the present survey, we contacted psychology researchers, lecturers, and doctoral students from all universities in Slovakia and the Slovak Academy of Sciences via email. Together we re-ceived answers from 65 participants. Questions in the survey covered the most common misconceptions about statistical hypothesis testing, as well as awareness, attitudes, and barriers related to the adherence to open science practices. We found a high prevalence of statistical…