Search results for "modality."

Infants' hedonic responsiveness to food odours: a longitudinal study during and after weaning (8, 12 and 22 months)

2013

Abstract Background Olfaction is a highly salient sensory modality in early human life. Neonates show keen olfactory sensitivity and hedonic responsiveness. However, little is known about hedonic olfactory responsiveness between the neonatal period and 2 years of age. In an attempt to fill this gap, this longitudinal follow-up study aimed at investigating hedonic responses to food odours in infants during the first 2 years of life. The second objective was to evaluate whether gender has an influence on hedonic responses during this early period. Four control stimuli and eight odours (four rated by adults as a priori pleasant and four a priori unpleasant) were presented in bottles to 235 inf…

Novel therapeutic strategies for patients with NSCLC that do not respond to treatment with EGFR inhibitors

2014

Abstract: Introduction: Treatment with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) yields tumour responses in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients harbouring activating EGFR mutations. However, even in long-lasting responses, resistance to EGFR TKIs invariably occurs. Areas covered: This review examines resistance mechanisms to EGFR TKI treatment, which mainly arise from secondary EGFR mutations. Other resistance-inducing processes include mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (MET) amplification, epithelial-mesenchymal transformation, phenotypic change from NSCLC to small-cell lung carcinoma, and modifications in parallel signalling pathways. Current…

Emerging drugs for the treatment of vitiligo.

2020

Introduction: Vitiligo is a relatively common autoimmune depigmenting disorder of the skin. There has been a great advance in understanding the pathological basis, which has led to the development and utilization of various new molecules in treating vitiligo. This review aims at a comprehensively describing the treatments available and the emerging treatment aspects and the scope for future developments.Areas covered: This study comprehensively summarizes the current concepts in the pathogenesis of vitiligo with special focus on the cytokine and signaling pathways, which are the targets for newer drugs. JAK kinase signaling pathways and the cytokines involved are the focus of vitiligo treat…

An Automatic Sleep Scoring Toolbox : Multi-modality of Polysomnography Signals’ Processing

2019

Sleep scoring is a fundamental but time-consuming process in any sleep laboratory. To speed up the process of sleep scoring without compromising accuracy, this paper develops an automatic sleep scoring toolbox with the capability of multi-signal processing. It allows the user to choose signal types and the number of target classes. Then, an automatic process containing signal pre-processing, feature extraction, classifier training (or prediction) and result correction will be performed. Finally, the application interface displays predicted sleep structure, related sleep parameters and the sleep quality index for reference. To improve the identification accuracy of minority stages, a layer-w…

Multi-factorial sicilian modals: a case of continuity in discourse

2008

We intend to analyze a few constructions, in Sicilian (S) and in the variety of Italian spoken in Sicily (IS), involving the modals voliri (S)/volere (IS) “want” and aviri a (S)/dovere (IS) “have to”. They are used to express both modal values, along a deontic→epistemic continuum, and futurity (Sicilian, but not Italian, lacks a synthetic future). Modality has been traditionally defined as the linguistic manifestation of the speaker’s attitude towards his utterance. However, modality does not have an unambiguous treatment and there is no agreement on number and kind of semantic categories that can be completely defined as modals (cf. Bybee et al. 1994; Palmer 2001; Nuyts 2005). From a cogni…

Use of psycho‐oncological services by prostate cancer patients: A multilevel analysis

2020

Abstract Background Cancer patients often suffer from psychological distress. Psycho‐oncological services (POS) have been established in some health care systems in order to address such issues. This study aims to identify patient and center characteristics that elucidate the use of POS by patients in prostate cancer centers (PCCs). Methods Center‐reported certification and patient survey data from 3094 patients in 44 certified PCCs in Germany were gathered in the observational study (Prostate Cancer Outcomes). A multilevel analysis was conducted. Results Model 1 showed that utilization of POS in PCCs is associated with patients’ age (OR = 0.98; 95%‐CI = 0.96‐0.99; P < .001), number of como…

KEYNOTE-975 study design: a Phase III study of definitive chemoradiotherapy plus pembrolizumab in patients with esophageal carcinoma

2021

Despite curative-intent treatment, most patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer will experience disease recurrence or locoregional progression, highlighting the need for new therapies. Current guidelines recommend definitive chemoradiotherapy in patients ineligible for surgical resection, but survival outcomes are poor. Pembrolizumab is well tolerated and provides promising antitumor activity in patients with previously treated, advanced, unresectable esophageal/esophagogastric junction cancer. Combining pembrolizumab with chemoradiotherapy may further improve outcomes in the first-line setting. Here, we describe the design and rationale for the double-blind, Phase III, placebo-co…

Pulmonary infiltrate with characteristic “reversed halo” and “air crescent” signs

2016

Effect of High‐Caloric Nutrition on Survival in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

2019

International audience; Objective: Weight loss has been identified as a negative prognostic factor in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, but there is no evidence regarding whether a high-caloric diet increases survival. Therefore, we sought to evaluate the efficacy of a high-caloric fatty diet (HCFD) for increasing survival.Methods: A 1:1 randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, double-blinded trial (LIPCAL-ALS study) was conducted between February 2015 and September 2018. Patients were followed up at 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, and 18 months after randomization. The study was performed at 12 sites of the clinical and scientific network of German motor neuron disease centers (ALS/MND-NET). Eligible…

The polymodal sensory cortex is crucial for controlling lateral postural stability: evidence from stroke patients.

2000

International audience; In modern literature, internal models are considered as a general neural process for resolving sensory ambiguities, synthesising information from disparate sensory modalities, and combining efferent and afferent information. The polymodal sensory cortex, especially the temporoparietal junction (TPJ), is thought to be a nodal point of the network underlying these properties. According to this view, a pronounced disruption of the TPJ functioning should dramatically impair body balance. Surprisingly, little attention has been paid to this possible relationship, which was the subject of investigation in this study. Twenty-two brain-damaged patients and 14 healthy subject…