Search results for "modeling"

showing 10 items of 4489 documents

NOISE EFFECTS IN POLYMER DYNAMICS

2008

The study of the noise induced effects on the dynamics of a chain molecule crossing a potential barrier, in the presence of a metastable state, is presented. A two-dimensional stochastic version of the Rouse model for a flexible polymer has been adopted to mimic the molecular dynamics and to take into account the interactions between adjacent monomers. We obtain a nonmonotonic behavior of the mean first passage time and its standard deviation, of the polymer centre of inertia, with the noise intensity. These findings reveal a noise induced effect on the mean crossing time. The role of the polymer length is also investigated.

Physicschemistry.chemical_classificationPolymer DynamicsQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)Applied Mathematicsmedia_common.quotation_subjectDynamics (mechanics)FOS: Physical sciencesPolymerInertiaStandard deviationCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterMolecular dynamicschemistryModeling and SimulationMetastabilityRectangular potential barrierStatistical physicsFirst-hitting-time modelEngineering (miscellaneous)Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanicsmedia_commonInternational Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos
researchProduct

Scaling of non-Markovian Monte Carlo wave-function methods

2004

We demonstrate a scaling method for non-Markovian Monte Carlo wave-function simulations used to study open quantum systems weakly coupled to their environments. We derive a scaling equation, from which the result for the expectation values of arbitrary operators of interest can be calculated, all the quantities in the equation being easily obtainable from the scaled Monte Carlo simulations. In the optimal case, the scaling method can be used, within the weak coupling approximation, to reduce the size of the generated Monte Carlo ensemble by several orders of magnitude. Thus, the developed method allows faster simulations and makes it possible to solve the dynamics of the certain class of no…

PhysicsdynamicQuantum PhysicsQuantum Monte CarloMonte Carlo methodFOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciences010309 opticsHybrid Monte Carlo0103 physical sciencesDynamic Monte Carlo methodMonte Carlo integrationMonte Carlo method in statistical physicsStatistical physicsQuasi-Monte Carlo methodsystem-environment correlations010306 general physicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)environmentMonte Carlo molecular modeling
researchProduct

Population dynamics based on ladder bosonic operators

2021

Abstract We adopt an operatorial method, based on truncated bosons, to describe the dynamics of populations in a closed region with a non trivial topology. The main operator that includes the various mechanisms and interactions between the populations is the Hamiltonian, constructed with the density and transport operators. The whole evolution is derived from the Schrodinger equation, and the densities of the populations are retrieved from the normalized expected values of the density operators. We show that this approach is suitable for applications in very large domain, solving the computational issues that typically occur when using an Hamiltonian based on fermionic ladder operators.

Physicseducation.field_of_studyPopulation dynamicsApplied MathematicsPopulation02 engineering and technologyExpected value01 natural sciencesSchrödinger equationsymbols.namesake020303 mechanical engineering & transportsOperator (computer programming)Ladder operator0203 mechanical engineeringTrivial topologySchrödinger dynamicsModeling and Simulation0103 physical sciencessymbolsStatistical physicsOperatorial modelseducationHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)010301 acousticsBosonApplied Mathematical Modelling
researchProduct

On the existence of kinetic equations

1974

The existence of the Boltzmann equation and its generalizations is studied by analysing the order of magnitude of their terms. As a consequence we conclude that the reduced distribution functions are not analytic in the density.

Physicssymbols.namesakeDifferential equationLattice Boltzmann methodssymbolsStatistical mechanicsPoisson–Boltzmann equationPlasma modelingBoltzmann equationMaxwell–Boltzmann distributionBoltzmann distributionMathematical physicsIl Nuovo Cimento B Series 11
researchProduct

Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Model of MBQ-167 to Predict Tumor Growth Inhibition in Mice

2020

MBQ-167 is a dual inhibitor of the Rho GTPases Rac and Cdc42 that has shown promising results as an anti-cancer therapeutic at the preclinical stage. This drug has been tested in vitro and in vivo in metastatic breast cancer mouse models. The aim of this study is to develop a physiologically based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PBPK-PD) model of MBQ-167 to predict tumor growth inhibition following intraperitoneal (IP) administration in mice bearing Triple Negative and HER2+ mammary tumors. PBPK and Simeoni tumor growth inhibition (TGI) models were developed using the Simcyp V19 Animal Simulator. Our developed PBPK framework adequately describes the time course of MBQ-167 in each of the mo…

Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modellinglcsh:RS1-441Pharmaceutical ScienceSpleenPharmacologyArticlelcsh:Pharmacy and materia medica03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinebreast cancerPharmacokineticsIn vivomedicinePotency030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesMammary tumorbusiness.industryMBQ-167medicine.diseaseMetastatic breast cancermedicine.anatomical_structure030220 oncology & carcinogenesisPharmacodynamicsRac inhibitorphysiologically based pharmacokinetic modelingbusinessPharmaceutics
researchProduct

Dare to jump: The effect of the new high impact activity SuperJump on bone remodeling. A new tool to maintain fitness during COVID-19 home confinement

2021

SuperJump is a high impact activity performed on an elastic trampoline that mixes aerobic and anaerobic exercises already proposed as home-based activity for preventing a sedentary lifestyle. We determined in a randomized controlled trial whether 20 weeks of SuperJump activity would promote bone formation and reduce resorption in eumenorrheic women. Twenty-four women were randomized to a non-exercise group (control group) or an exercise group that performed SuperJump activity three times a week for 20 weeks. Blood samples were collected in both groups at baseline and at the end of the 20 weeks and compared within and between the groups for C-terminal telopeptide (CTX), a marker of bone reso…

Physiology (medical)bone homeostasisosteoporosis preventionphysical activityPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and RehabilitationOrthopedics and Sports Medicinewomenbone remodelingbone remodeling physical activity women osteoporosis prevention bone homeostasis
researchProduct

Activin A and bone metastasis

2010

Activin A, is a multifunctional cytokine of the transforming growth factor-b superfamily of growth factors. This molecule has been shown to be implicated in the regulation of a broad range of important biological functions including bone remodelling. Therefore, a deregulation in the activin signalling pathway may result in disturbances of normal bone metabolism and, eventually, in the onset of severe pathological conditions associated with an altered bone resorption. These observations support the concept that Act A might also be implicated in the pathogenesis of bone metastasis. This review provides insight into the most recent advances in understanding the role of this growth factor in th…

PhysiologyGrowth factormedicine.medical_treatmentClinical BiochemistryBone metastasisBone NeoplasmsCell BiologyBiologymedicine.diseaseHedgehog signaling pathwayBone resorptionBone remodelingActivinsActivin bone metastasisPathogenesisGene Expression Regulation NeoplasticCytokineImmunologymedicineCancer researchAnimalsBone RemodelingActivin type 2 receptorsSignal Transduction
researchProduct

Odd haemoglobins in odd-toed ungulates: Impact of selected haemoglobin characteristics of the white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum) on the monitorin…

2019

Background Due to the current poaching crisis in Africa, increasing numbers of white rhinoceroses (Ceratotherium simum) require opioid immobilisation for medical interventions or management procedures. Alarmingly, the results of both blood gas analysis and pulse oximetry regularly indicate severe hypoxaemia. Yet, the recovery of the animals is uneventful. Thus, neither of the techniques seems to represent the real oxygenation level. We hypothesized that unusual haemoglobin characteristics of this species interfere with the techniques developed and calibrated for the use in human patients. Methods Haemoglobin was isolated from blood samples of four adult, white rhinoceroses. Oxygen dissociat…

PhysiologyOxygenMethemoglobinAnalytical Chemistry0403 veterinary scienceHemoglobins0302 clinical medicineHigh oxygenMedicine and Health SciencesOximetryMammalsAnalgesicsMultidisciplinarybiologymedicine.diagnostic_testCeratotherium simumApplied MathematicsSimulation and ModelingQChemical ReactionsREukaryotaDrugs04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationBody FluidsAnalgesics OpioidChemistryBloodSpectrophotometryPhysical SciencesVertebratesMedicineAnatomyAlgorithmsResearch ArticleChemical ElementsChemical Dissociation040301 veterinary sciencesAnimal TypesScienceEquineschemistry.chemical_elementRhinocerosResearch and Analysis MethodsAbsorbance03 medical and health sciencesChemical AnalysismedicineAnimalsHumansPain ManagementGas AnalysisDomestic AnimalsHorsesPerissodactylaPharmacologyChromatographyOrganismsBiology and Life SciencesOxygenationbiology.organism_classificationOxygenOpioidsPulse oximetry030228 respiratory systemchemistryAfricaAmniotesBlood Gas AnalysisZoologyMathematicsPLoS ONE
researchProduct

The impact of grain size on the efficiency of embedded SIMD image processing architectures

2004

Pixel-per-processing element (PPE) ratio-the amount of image data directly mapped to each processing element-has a significant impact on the area and energy efficiency of embedded SIMD architectures for image processing applications. This paper quantitatively evaluates the impact of PPE ratio on system performance and efficiency for focal-plane SIMD image processing architectures by comparing throughput, area efficiency, and energy efficiency for a range of common application kernels using architectural and workload simulation. While the impact of grain size is affected by the mix of executed instructions within an application program, the most efficient PPE ratio often does not occur at PE…

PixelComputer Networks and CommunicationsComputer scienceProcessor grain sizeImage processingParallel computingEnergy technologyenergy and area efficiencyGrain sizeSIMDTheoretical Computer Scienceimage processingParallel processing (DSP implementation)technology modelingArtificial IntelligenceHardware and ArchitectureRetargetingSIMDThroughput (business)SoftwareEfficient energy use
researchProduct

<title>Spectral/spatial integration effects on information extraction from multispectral data: multiresolution approaches</title>

1995

New techniques for information extraction from multispectral data require physical modeling to understand the energy transfer at the atmosphere/surface interface and to develop appropriate inversion procedures, in combination with advanced processing techniques. A multi-step procedure is proposed in this work: the first step implies a binary decision about the second step to be applied in each case. If the pixel is considered as being a `pure' pixel, through a spectral/spatial classification procedure based on multiresolution techniques, then numerical inversion techniques, based on a multiple-scattering reflectance model, are used to extract parameters representing specific surface propert…

Pixelbusiness.industryBinary decision diagramComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONPattern recognitionAtmospheric modelcomputer.software_genreData modelingInformation extractionGeographyComputer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionSpatial ecologyComputer visionArtificial intelligenceSpectral resolutionbusinessImage resolutioncomputerSPIE Proceedings
researchProduct