Search results for "molecular clusters"

showing 10 items of 868 documents

Calculations of the atomic structure of the KNbO3 (110) surface

2000

Abstract The O-terminated KNbO 3 (110) surface is modeled using a semi-empirical shell model and two different short-range interatomic potentials. We find this surface to be unstable with respect to a strong reconstruction and K-termination. This conclusion is confirmed by preliminary calculations using the ab initio linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO) formalism.

ChemistrySHELL modelMetals and AlloysAb initioSurfaces and InterfacesMolecular physicsSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceFormalism (philosophy of mathematics)Linear combination of atomic orbitalsAb initio quantum chemistry methodsPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersMaterials ChemistryPhysical chemistrySurface structureSurface reconstructionThin Solid Films
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The surface electronic structure of stoichiometric and defective LiF surfaces studied with MIES and UPS in combination with ab-initio calculations

1997

Abstract UPS (He I) and metastable impact electron spectroscopy (MIES) spectra of the LiF(100) single crystal surface and stoichiometric LiF films are presented. The spectra are interpreted on the basis of ab-initio electronic structure calculations. Defective surfaces, produced by electron dosing, were studied in the same manner. The MIES spectra reveal that the electron dosing produces metallic patches on the surface, but no uniform Li adlayer. The calculation show that the F-center contribution to the electron emission is very close in energy to that from the metallic patches; thus, the two contributions cannot be distinguished by the present experimental techniques.

ChemistrySurfaces and InterfacesElectronElectronic structureCondensed Matter PhysicsElectron spectroscopySurfaces Coatings and FilmsCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceX-ray photoelectron spectroscopyAb initio quantum chemistry methodsMetastabilityPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersMaterials ChemistryAtomic physicsSingle crystalSurface statesSurface Science
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Atomic and electronic structure of the corundum (0001) surface: comparison with surface spectroscopies

1997

Abstract The electronic structure and geometry of the Al-terminated corundum (0001) surface were studied using a slab model within the ab-initio Hartree-Fock technique. The distance between the top Al plane and the next O basal plane is found to be considerably reduced on relaxation (by 0.57 A, i.e. by 68% of the corresponding interlayer distance in the bulk). An interpretation of experimental photoelectron spectra (UPS He I) and metastable impact electron spectra (MIES) is given using the calculated total density of states of the slab and the projections to the atoms, atomic orbitals, and He 1s floating atomic orbital at different positions above the surface. Calculated projected densities…

ChemistrySurfaces and InterfacesElectronic structureCondensed Matter PhysicsElectron spectroscopySpectral lineSurfaces Coatings and FilmsAtomic orbitalX-ray photoelectron spectroscopyMetastabilityPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersMaterials ChemistryDensity of statesRelaxation (physics)Physics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physicsSurface Science
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General occurrence of polar twisted minima in the ionic singlet excited surfaces of polyenes

1982

Except for a few cases, the lowest closed shell SCF solutions for the twisted geometries of polyenes involves delocalized nonpolarized MO’s, and represents a meaningless mixture of radicalar gound state and ionic excited states. Higher (quasi) solutions allow a realistic approach of the polarized ionic states. Orthogonality to the radicalar ground state may be imposed without important loss of energy. Further extensive CI does not modify significantly the situation. These statements are illustrated through ab initio calculations of butadiene and hexatriene. This approach allows us to show that slight distortions stablize polar minima even in ’’homosymmetric’’ molecules such as all‐trans hex…

ChemistryUNESCO::FÍSICAGeneral Physics and AstronomyIonic bondingElectronic structurePolyenesExcited StatesSelf−Consistent FieldDelocalized electronElectronic StructureAb initio quantum chemistry methods:FÍSICA [UNESCO]Polyenes ; Self−Consistent Field ; Electronic Structure ; Excited StatesExcited statePhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersSinglet statePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsPhysics::Chemical PhysicsGround stateOpen shell
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Anharmonic vibrational frequency calculations for solvated molecules in the B3LYP Kohn–Sham basis set limit

2012

Abstract The solvent dependence of harmonic and anharmonic vibrational wavenumbers of water, formaldehyde and formamide was studied using the B3LYP method. The results obtained with the hierarchy of Jensen's polarization-consistent basis sets were fitted with two-parameter formula toward the B3LYP Kohn–Sham complete basis set (CBS) limit. Anharmonic corrections have been obtained by a second order perturbation treatment (VPT2) and vibrational configuration interaction (VCI) method. The solvent environment was treated according to the self-consistent reaction field polarizable continuum model (SCRF PCM) approach.

ChemistryVibrational partition functionMolecular vibrationAnharmonicityPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersKohn–Sham equationsPhysics::Chemical PhysicsSolvent effectsConfiguration interactionAtomic physicsPolarizable continuum modelSpectroscopyBasis setVibrational Spectroscopy
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Ultrafast dynamics of halogens in rare gas solids

2007

We perform time resolved pump-probe spectroscopy on small halogen molecules ClF, Cl2, Br2, and I2 embedded in rare gas solids (RGS). We find that dissociation, angular depolarization, and the decoherence of the molecule is strongly influenced by the cage structure. The well ordered crystalline environment facilitates the modelling of the experimental angular distribution of the molecular axis after the collision with the rare gas cage. The observation of many subsequent vibrational wave packet oscillations allows the construction of anharmonic potentials and indicate a long vibrational coherence time. We control the vibrational wave packet revivals, thereby gaining information about the vib…

Coherence timeQuantum decoherenceChemistryPhononWave packetAnalytical chemistryGeneral Physics and AstronomyMolecular electronicsMolecular electronic transitionExcited statePhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsCoherence (physics)Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.
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Mass-asymmetric fission in the 40ca+142Nd reaction

2016

Shell effects play a major role in fission. Mass-asymmetric fission observed in the spontaneous and low energy fission of actinide nuclei was explained by incorporating the fragment shell properties in liquid drop model. Asymmetric fission has also been observed in the low energy fission of neutron-deficient 180 Hg nuclei in recent β -delayed fission experiments. This low-energy β -delayed fission has been explained in terms of strong shell effects in pre-scission configurations associated with the system after capture. Calculations predicted asymmetric fission for heavier Hg isotopes as well, at compound nuclear excitation energy as high as 40 MeV. To explore the evolution of fission fragm…

Cold fissionCluster decay010308 nuclear & particles physicsNeutron emissionChemistryFissionIsotopes of samariumPhysicsQC1-999Nuclear TheoryFission product yield01 natural sciences0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersNeutronAtomic physics010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentSpontaneous fissionEPJ Web of Conferences
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Multicollision-induced dissociation of multiply charged gold clusters, Aun2+, n = 7–35, and Aun3+, n = 19–35

2000

Abstract Multicollision-induced dissociation (MCID) has been applied to gold clusters, Au n 2+ (n = 7–35) and Au n 3+ (n = 19–35) stored in a Penning trap. By application of ion cyclotron resonance excitation and pulses of argon collision gas, fragmentation yields have been measured as a function of the clusters’ kinetic energy. The corresponding dissociation energies have been determined by use of the impulsive collision theory and the quantum Rice–Ramsperger–Kassel (RRK) model for the energy transfer to internal cluster modes and for delayed dissociation, respectively. As compared to earlier measurements of singly charged gold clusters the variation of the stability as a function of clust…

Collision-induced dissociationChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsPenning trapDissociation (chemistry)Fragmentation (mass spectrometry)Physics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersCluster (physics)Physical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsValence electronInstrumentationSpectroscopyElectron ionizationIon cyclotron resonanceInternational Journal of Mass Spectrometry
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A Theoretical Determination of the Low-lying Electronic States of the p-Benzosemiquinone Radical Anion

2000

The low-lying electronic states of the p-benzosemiquinone radical anion are studied using multiconfigurational second-order perturbation theory (CASPT2) and extended atomic natural orbital (ANO) ba...

Colloid and Surface ChemistryChemistryPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersPhysics::Atomic PhysicsGeneral ChemistryPhysics::Chemical PhysicsPerturbation theoryAtomic physicsBiochemistryCatalysisIonElectronic statesJournal of the American Chemical Society
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Theoretical studies of isomers of C 3 H 2 using a multiconfigurational approach

2000

The C3H2 isomers are important molecules in interstellar space. An understanding of their electronic structure can contribute significantly to the interpretation of interstellar spectra. In a theoretical study of the C3H2 isomers a multiconfigurational treatment is of interest because many of the isomers are carbenes or diradicals. We present such an investigation of all possible C3H2 isomers. The most important features of their electronic and vibrational spectra are calculated. Earlier theoretical studies are reviewed and it is shown that the present study yields the same order of stability for the singlet and triplet states as most previous studies.

Computational chemistryChemistryPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersMoleculeElectronic structureSinglet statePhysics::Chemical PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsSpectral lineVibrational spectraTheoretical Chemistry Accounts: Theory, Computation, and Modeling (Theoretica Chimica Acta)
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