Search results for "monitor"
showing 10 items of 3841 documents
Determination of Drug Concentrations in Serum and Dopamine Receptor Occupancy in Brain for Optimal Antipsychotic Drug Therapy
2009
Evidence has been given that antipsychotic effects of dopamine receptor antagonists are associated with 60 and 80% striatal dopamine D2 and D3 receptor occupancy. Receptor occupancy correlates well with concentrations of the antipsychotic drugs in serum or plasma, much better than the dose. The latter is consistent with weak correlations between antipsychotic dose and serum concentrations and explained by the high interindividual variabilities in drug metabolism. Using positron emission tomography (PET) for in vivo determination of dopamine receptor occupancy in conjunction with drug concentration measurements “therapeutic windows” could be calculated for the atypical antipsychotic drugs am…
Pathogenesis and clinical relevance of bone marrow embolism in medullary nailing — demonstrated by intraoperative echocardiography
1993
Abstract For the clarification of pulmonary impairment after medullary nailing of femoral fractures, the intramedullary pressure in the femoral cavity during the operative procedure was investigated. In addition, an intraoperative transoesophageal echocardiography was performed which revealed two phenomena occurring once the intramedullary pressure had increased: snow-flurry and configured emboli. An experimental study in sheep was performed in order to define the substrata of the sonographic echoes. The level of intrafemoral pressure which would result in bone marrow intravasation and the substrata of the echocardiographic echoes were studied in sheep by applying pressure to the femoral ca…
0349: Transfer of acute coronary syndrome patients in the Alps (SCA-Alpes). Data from the RESURCOR network
2016
RationaleIn France, the transfer of patients with an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) from one centre to another is usually done by SMUR, with on-board medical staff. However, SMUR is not always available. In this study from the RESURCOR network, we investigated clinical outcomes in ACS patients transferred in private ambulances without on-board medical staff.MethodIn the French Alps, the RESURCOR network arranges “SCAAlpes” transfers in private ambulances with no medical doctors on board but with non-medically trained staff who follow strict management protocols. Ambulances are equipped with an automatic external defibrillator and patients are not under heart monitoring. These transfers are f…
Management of high blood pressure in children and adolescents: recommendations of the European Society of Hypertension.
2009
Hypertension in children and adolescents has been gaining ground in cardiovascular medicine, mainly due to the advances made in several areas of pathophysiological and clinical research. These guidelines arose from the consensus reached by specialists in the detection and control of hypertension in children and adolescents. Furthermore, these guidelines are a compendium of scientific data and the extensive clinical experience it contains represents the most complete information that doctors, nurses and families should take into account when making decisions. These guidelines, which stress the importance of hypertension in children and adolescents, and its contribution to the current epidemi…
Management of Blood Pressure and Heart Rate in Patients with Acute Stroke
2017
BACKGROUND: Stroke represent one of the most devastating of all neurological diseases, affecting about 15 million people per year and is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and currently the leading cause of adult disability in developed countries. Blood pressure and heart rate may undergo several modifications in patients with both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke in fact raised blood pressure levels may lead to cerebral edema, hematoma expansion or hemorrhagic transformation and in contrast low blood pressure can lead to increased cerebral infarction or perihematomal ischemia. In addition, ECG abnormalities and cardiac arrhythmias, especially atrial fibrillation, are re…
Reproducibility and validity of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in children.
2002
During the past several years ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) has been introduced into the study of hypertension and has become a useful tool in making clinical decisions. The ABPM improves the reproducibility of the estimates of a subject's casual blood pressure (BP) both in normotensive and in hypertensive subjects, independent of age. The advantages of ambulatory BP (ABP) over its office counterpart have been studied in children to observe the relationship between BP measurement and early markers of organ damage. In different groups of subjects that have included normotensives, essential hypertensives, renal transplant recipients, or patients with repair of an aortic coarctat…
Twenty-four-hour blood pressure profile in idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder
2022
Abstract Study Objectives To determine whether autonomic dysfunction in idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) affects circadian blood pressure (BP) profile. Methods Twenty-one iRBD (mean age 68.8 ± 6.4, mean age at onset 62.2 ± 9.3), 21 drug-free de novo Parkinson’s disease (PD) and 21 control participants (HCs), comparable for age and sex, underwent 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring. A prospective follow-up study was performed to evaluate the occurrence of neurodegenerative disorders in the iRBD cohort. Results In the iRBD group, nighttime systolic BP (SBP) was higher (124.0 ± 20.0, p = .026), nocturnal BP decrease lower (4.0 ± 8.7% for SBP and 8.7 ± 8.0% for diastolic BP [DBP], p = .0…
Blood-pressure variability in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: current perspectives
2018
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is often associated with hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases. Blood pressure (BP) variability is part of the assessment of cardiovascular risk. In OSA, BP variability has been studied mainly as very short-term (beat-by-beat) and short-term (24-hour BP profile) variability. BP measured on consecutive heartbeats has been demonstrated to be highly variable, due to repeated peaks during sleep, so that an accurate assessment of nocturnal BP levels in OSA may require peculiar methodologies. In 24-hour recordings, BP frequently features a "nondipping" profile, ie, <10% fall from day to night, which may increase cardiovascular risk and occurrence of major…
Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring is ready to replace clinic blood pressure in the diagnosis of hypertension: con side of the argument.
2014
The San Francisco experience with Perloff and Sokolow was the starting point for the clinical application of ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) measurement. Using a semiautomatic device, the superiority of ABP to office measurement was demonstrated in the relationship with hypertension-induced organ damage1 and in the risk for cardiovascular events.2 This seminal study impelled an issue with the largest production and impact in the field of hypertension in recent decades, boosting research and having an enormous influence on daily clinical practice. Initially restricted to specialized clinics, ABP monitoring (ABPM) has largely expanded to primary care in many countries. Similarly, scientific p…
Morning and smooth 24-h ambulatory blood pressure control is not achieved in general practice: results from the SURGE observational study.
2013
BACKGROUND The aim of this large-scale, practice-based observational study [Survey with HBPM and ABPM Under Real clinical conditions in General practice to Evaluate BP control in the early morning (SURGE)] was to ascertain the degree of morning and 24-h ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) control in hypertensive patients. METHODS Hypertensive patients [with uncontrolled clinic blood pressure (BP) >140/90 mmHg at screening] from nine different countries were included. Ambulatory BP monitoring was performed over 24 h at 15-min intervals during the day and at 20-min intervals during the night. Assessments included morning (0600-1159 h) and daytime ABP control (BP < 135/85 mmHg), and 24-h ABP contr…