Search results for "mortality"
showing 10 items of 1406 documents
Epidemiology of stroke and transient ischemic attacks: Current knowledge and perspectives
2015
International audience; Because of the growing size and aging of the world's population, the global burden of stroke is increasing dramatically. Current epidemiological data indicate that 16.9 million people suffer a stroke each year, which represents a global incidence of 258/100,000 year, with marked differences between high- and low-income countries, and an age-adjusted incidence 1.5 times higher in men than in women. Although primary prevention has contributed to a decrease in stroke incidence in high-income countries, the so-called 'epidemiological transition' has led to an increase in incidence in middle-to-low-income countries as well. In addition, the incidence of ischemic stroke in…
Congenital Pediatric Diseases
2008
Major congenital malformations are diagnosed in 4%–6% of all infants and fetuses (Lynberg and Edmonds 1992). About one third of them are the leading cause for infant mortality or morbidity (Grandjean et al. 1999). Malformations of the internal urogenital system are diagnosed in about 1% of all infants and account for approximately 20% of all congenital malformations, thus being one of the three most frequent birth defects (Table 11.1.1). Therefore a pre- and/or postnatally performed ultrasound screening for malformations of the internal urogenital system should be part of the routine to reduce perinatal mortality and morbidity. The reliability and value of ultrasonographic screening for con…
Prematurity and twinning
2012
Aim of the study: Newborns from multiple pregnancies are increasing in number and demonstrate a higher perinatal morbidity and mortality compared to singletons. Prematurity is the main reason for most neonatal diseases in twins, but other variables may play a role and their prenatal evaluation may improve the overall outcome. Main findings: Prematurity is six times more frequent in twins and therefore birth weight is significantly lower compared to singletons. Thus, twins are more exposed to prematurity related diseases (respiratory, cardiovas- cular, infectious, etc.) and to long-term complications (especially neurological disabilities). Results: It is very difficult to estimate the increa…
Hematological Malignancies in the Elderly: The Epidemiological Perspective
2014
In the more developed countries the total number of new cases with a hematological tumour was 415,433 for all ages, whilst 188,654 occurred in people aged 70 or more years, representing the 45 % of total cases, equally divided into two sexes. The most these malignancies is closely linked to age and incidence rates increased exponentially after 50 years of age. Aetiology of hematological tumours is largely unknown. However the basic causal mechanism could be a decline in adaptive immunity, strongly related with individual age. In addition to such immunodeficiency, some specific risk factors have been found: viral infections, overweight and obesity (particularly for non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas - …
270 Increased hospital mortality in HIV-infected patients with acute coronary or cerebrovascular syndromes. Analysis from a French nationwide hospita…
2011
Background After more than two decades of the AIDS epidemic, the spectrum of HIV-associated vascular diseases has considerably evolved from infectious disease with improved survival, to premature atherosclerosis. As a consequence, acute atherosclerosis complications, such as acute coronary and cerebrovascular syndromes (ACS and CVS) are currently growing. However, only few data are available on HIV-infected patients in the setting of ACS/CVS. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of HIV, as well as the characteristics and hospital case fatality of HIV-infected patients with CVS and ACS. Methods From the French nationwide hospital medical information database, data fro…
Enfermedad del legionario con afectación hepática predominante
2002
Like other pneumonias due to atypical agents, pneumonia due to Legionela Pneumophila has no characteristic clinical facts, although fever and non-productive cough are almost constant and diarrhea with changes in mental status are common. Hyponatremia and moderate transient hypertransaminasemia are common too. Severe systemic affectation after hematogenous dissemination similar to those described with typical bacterial pneumonias is a prominent difference with other atypical agents, with high mortality rates in the absence of appropriate treatment. Etiological diagnosis is very difficult and it is normally achieved late in the course of the infection. Because of diagnostic difficulties and p…
Contributing factors and outcomes of treatment refusal in pediatric oncology in Germany
2016
Background In Germany, about 1,800 new cases of pediatric cancer under 15 years of age are diagnosed each year and survival rates approach 80%. Although treatment is covered by health insurance and is thus available for all patients at no cost, treatment refusal and treatment discontinuation have been observed. However, no data providing numbers and outcomes for developed countries have been published thus far. Procedure A questionnaire-based survey was performed among German pediatric oncology centers to ascertain the number of treatment refusals among pediatric patients who were diagnosed between January 2008 and December 2009 in Germany. Results Questionnaires from 70 of 73 centers were …
Surveillance of hospitalised patients with influenza-like illness during pandemic influenza A(H1N1) season in Sicily, April 2009 - December 2010
2011
This paper describes the epidemiology of hospitalised cases with influenza-like illness (ILI) and laboratory- confirmed influenza A cases in Sicily (Italy) during the 2009 influenza pandemic. The first ILI case diagnosed as infected with pandemic influenza A(H1N1)2009 in Sicily was reported in June 2009 and it rapidly became the dominant circulating strain. In the period from 30 April 2009 through 31 December 2010, a total of 2,636 people in Sicily were hospitalised for ILI and 1,193 were laboratory-confirmed for influenza A. Basic demo- graphic and clinical information for all hospitalised patients was collected and population mortality rates (PMRs) and case fatality ratios (CFRs) were cal…
Leukocytosis and Thrombosis At Diagnosis Are Associated with Poor Survival in Polycythemia Vera: A Population-Based Study on 327 Patients
2011
Abstract Abstract 2819 Introduction Polycythemia Vera (PV) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm with a long life expectancy. Consequently, long-term follow-up studies that focus on survival of PV patients must be conducted in order to register a sufficient number of events to provide informative results and statistical analyses. Most of the published studies are single-institution that focused on patients referred to hospitals, which does not necessarily reflect the course of PV in the general population. In these studies, the median age at diagnosis is younger than usually noted for PV patients in population-based studies. Moreover, survival is generally based on observed mortality, a good but…
Postoperative complications and waiting time for surgical intervention after radiologically guided drainage of intra-abdominal abscess in patients wi…
2021
Abstract Background In patients with active Crohn’s disease (CD), treatment of intra-abdominal abscess usually comprises antibiotics and radiologically guided percutaneous drainage (PD) preceding surgery. The aim of this study was to investigate the risk of postoperative complications and identify the optimal time interval for surgical intervention after PD. Methods A multicentre, international, retrospective cohort study was carried out. Details of patients with diagnosis of CD who underwent ultrasonography- or CT-guided PD were retrieved from hospital records using international classification of disease (ICD-10) diagnosis code for CD combined with procedure code for PD. Clinical variable…