Search results for "motor"
showing 10 items of 3137 documents
Muscle Function Differences between Patients with Bulbar and Spinal Onset Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Does It Depend on Peripheral Glucose?
2021
Background: One of the pathogenic mechanisms of ALS disease is perturbed energy metabolism particularly glucose metabolism. Given the substantial difference in the severity and the prognosis of the disease, depending on whether it has a bulbar or spinal onset, the aim of the study was to determine metabolic differences between both types of ALS, as well as the possible relationship with muscle function. Materials and Methods: A descriptive, analytical, quantitative, and transversal study was carried out in hospitals and Primary Care centers in the region of Valencia, Spain. Fasting glucose and alkaline phosphatase (AP) levels in venous blood, muscle percentage, fat percentage, muscle streng…
An Intercellular Flow of Glutathione Regulated by Interleukin 6 Links Astrocytes and the Liver in the Pathophysiology of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
2021
Oxidative stress has been proposed as a major mechanism of damage to motor neurons associated with the progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Astrocytes are the most numerous glial cells in the central nervous system and, under physiological conditions, protect neurons from oxidative damage. However, it is uncertain how their reactive phenotype may affect motor neurons during ALS progression. In two different ALS mouse models (SOD1G93A and FUS-R521C), we found that increased levels of proinflammatory interleukin 6 facilitate glutathione (GSH) release from the liver to blood circulation, which can reach the astrocytes and be channeled towards motor neurons as a mechanism of anti…
NAD+ Precursors and Antioxidants for the Treatment of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
2021
Charcot first described amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) between 1865 and 1874 as a sporadic adult disease resulting from the idiopathic progressive degeneration of the motor neuronal system, resulting in rapid, progressive, and generalized muscle weakness and atrophy. There is no cure for ALS and no proven therapy to prevent it or reverse its course. There are two drugs specifically approved for the treatment of ALS, riluzol and edaravone, and many others have already been tested or are following clinical trials. However, at the present moment, we still cannot glimpse a true breakthrough in the treatment of this devastating disease. Nevertheless, our understanding of the pathophysiology…
Management of anemia: blood loss in orthopaedic surgery
2010
Major ortopaedic surgery and high energy trauma are often responsible of acute bleeding. Long bones and pelvis fractures are correlated with increased blood loss. The final consequence of a major bleeding is hypovolemic shock. The reduced oxygen tension of tissue could be responsible of heart attack, arrythmia, ictus, multi organ deficiency. For these reasons, it is important to immediately recognize and correct all potential bleeding in order to avoid complications. In orthopaedics the elective treatments in the managenment of hypovolemia are different. Blood banks and allogenic blood components have had an important impact on operative treatment and health care worldwide. erythropoietin h…
Inhibitory effect of A10 dopaminergic neurons of the ventral tegmental area on the orienting response evoked by acoustic stimulation in the cat.
1998
Abstract The effect of bilateral electric stimulation of A10 dopaminergic neurons of the ventral tegmental area (80–300 μA, 20–50 Hz, 0.1–0.5 ms, 2 s duration) on latency and duration of the orienting response, evoked by acoustic stimuli (4500–8000 Hz, 2 s), was studied in the cat. A10 neuron stimulation, simultaneous with the acoustic one, was performed with threshold parameters inducing minimal behavioral signs (head searching movement, sniffing, increase in alertness). By means of a videoanalysis system, a statistically significant increase, both of latency and duration of the response, was observed. The possible role of dopamine was studied administrating sulpiride (20 mg/kg IP), a dopa…
L’apprendimento motorio in età preadolescenziale
2011
Apprentissage implicite de régularités : Mise en évidence d'une différence d'apprentissage entre tâches motrices continues et discrètes
2005
This research is concerned with the implicit learning of regularities in continuous motor tasks (e.g., tracking tasks) and discrete tasks (e.g., Serial Reaction Time tasks). First, a reanalysis of Wulf and collaborator's studies, dealing with implicit motor learning, made it possible to highlight methodological problems and potential biases that provide alternative explanations for the apparent implicit learning obtained in their continuous tracking experiments. Indeed, by respecting a more rigorous methodology, it appears that it is quite difficult to obtain such learning in a continuous task. This led us to try to understand why it was easier to draw benefit from a repetition in a discret…
The inter-rater and intra-rater reliability of the Actual Aquatic Skills Test (AAST) for assessing young children’s motor competence in the water
2021
As children’s actual aquatic skills are important for the prevention of drowning as well as their engagement in lifelong aquatic physical activity, researchers and practitioners should be able to assess this vital concept accurately and reliably. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the inter-rater and intra-rater reliability of the Actual Aquatic Skills Test (AAST), consisting of 17 different test items for the assessment of young children’s motor competence in the water. Six raters received a training and evaluation session on scoring the AAST, after which five of them assessed four test videos (of various children (n = 38) performing the test items) twice, with one to t…
Espectro clínico y genético de las neuropatías hereditarias motoras distales en la Comunidad Valenciana
2022
Las neuropatías hereditarias motoras distales (NHMd) son enfermedades neuromusculares de origen genético que se caracterizan por una degeneración de la parte motora de los nervios periféricos. Se engloban dentro de un grupo más amplio de neuropatías hereditarias llamadas neuropatías tipo Charcot- Marie-Tooth (CMT). Son enfermedades que afectan a gente joven y producen una discapacidad importante. Actualmente no disponemos de tratamiento que modifique el curso de las NHMd, por lo que los esfuerzos en investigación en este grupo de enfermedades son muy importantes. El diagnóstico y el estudio de la historia natural de las diferentes formas de NHMd es complicado porque son enfermedades poco fr…