Search results for "motor"
showing 10 items of 3137 documents
Echolocating Whales and Bats Express the Motor Protein Prestin in the Inner Ear: A Potential Marker for Hearing Loss.
2020
Prestin is an integral membrane motor protein located in outer hair cells of the mammalian cochlea. It is responsible for electromotility and required for cochlear amplification. Although prestin works in a cycle-by-cycle mode up to frequencies of at least 79 kHz, it is not known whether or not prestin is required for the extreme high frequencies used by echolocating species. Cetaceans are known to possess a prestin coding gene. However, the expression and distribution pattern of the protein in the cetacean cochlea has not been determined, and the contribution of prestin to echolocation has not yet been resolved. Here we report the expression of the protein prestin in five species of echolo…
Association of military training with oxidative stress and overreaching.
2011
ABSTRACT: We hypothesized that increased oxidative stress and disrupted redox balance may be predisposing factors and markers for overreaching (OR). Purpose: The study's purpose was to examine whether oxidative stress markers and antioxidant status and physical fitness are related to OR during an 8-wk military basic training (BT) period. Methods: Oxidative stress and antioxidant status were evaluated in the beginning and after 4 and 7 wk of training in 35 males (age = 19.7 ± 0.3 yr) at rest and immediately after a 45-min submaximal exercise. Physical activity (PA) was monitored by an accelerometer throughout BT. Indicators of OR were also examined. Results: From baseline to week 4, increase…
Role of the nNOS gene in ethanol-induced conditioned place preference in mice
2009
Nitric oxide (NO) produced by neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) has a role in synaptic plasticity, and evidence suggests its role in a range of effects produced by alcohol in the central nervous system. The aim of the current study was to investigate the role of the nNOS gene in the development of ethanol-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) in mice. The CPP paradigm is designed to investigate the reinforcing properties of drugs of abuse and the development of maladaptive behaviors, such as conditioned response to drug-associated stimuli, following repeated drug exposure. Adult male and female wild type (WT) and nNOS knockout (KO) mice on a mixed B6; 129S genetic background were t…
Feedback Linearizing Control of Induction Motor Considering Magnetic Saturation Effects
2015
This paper presents an input-output feedback linearization (FL) control technique for rotating induction motors, which takes into consideration the magnetic saturation of the iron core. Starting from a new formulation of the dynamic model taking into consideration the magnetic saturation expressed in a space-state form in the rotor-flux-oriented reference frame, the corresponding FL technique has been developed. To this aim, a particular care has been given to the choice of nonlinear functions interpolating the magnetic parameters versus the rotor magnetizing current and the corresponding magnetic characteristic. The proposed FL technique has been tested experimentally on a suitably develop…
Validación de un instrumento de observación para el análisis de habilidades socio-emocionales en Educación Física
2017
Ante la necesidad de dotar a los docentes de Educación Física de herramientas que les permitan valorar con rigor el resultado de su trabajo en el ámbito socio-emocional, el presente trabajo expone el proceso de diseño y validación de un sistema de categorías para valorar las habilidades socioemocionales de alumnado de primer ciclo de educación primaria de Educación Física, a través de la observación en situaciones de juego motor. Los resultados obtenidos tras el análisis lógico y empírico de los datos ponen de manifiesto la fiabilidad y estabilidad de las categorías propuestas. Además, se muestra todo el proceso como ejemplo para la elaboración de instrumentos de observación que sean útiles…
Exciting Complexity: The Role of Motor Circuit Elements in ALS Pathophysiology
2020
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal disease, characterized by the degeneration of both upper and lower motor neurons. Despite decades of research, we still to date lack a cure or disease modifying treatment, emphasizing the need for a much-improved insight into disease mechanisms and cell type vulnerability. Altered neuronal excitability is a common phenomenon reported in ALS patients, as well as in animal models of the disease, but the cellular and circuit processes involved, as well as the causal relevance of those observations to molecular alterations and final cell death, remain poorly understood. Here, we review evidence from clinical studies, cell type-specific electrophysi…
Social effects of interpersonal synchronization during listening to music compared to a metronome: What can we learn from implicit measures?
2016
Interpersonal coordination, such as simultaneous rhythmic movement, is a fundamental way to form socioemotional connections. The social and emotional power of music might further strengthen such interpersonal bonds. Here, we tested if interpersonal synchronization (synchronous vs. asynchronous finger-tapping) affects sympathy and helpfulness more strongly when listening to music compared to a metronome. We tested 40 participants and used an explicit and an implicit measure to assess their social orientation toward a tapping partner (i.e., one of two experimenters). Participants directly rated the friendliness of the experimenter on a 9-point Likert scale. As a more indirect or implicit meas…
Varhaisvuosien fyysisten ja sosioemotionaalisten ympäristötekijöiden yhteys 7-vuotiaiden lasten motorisiin perustaitoihin ja liikunnan itsearviointei…
2010
Tämän tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli selvittää, onko 7-vuotiaana mitattujen motoristen perustaitojen taustalla yhteyttä lapsuuden ajan fyysisiin ja sosioemotionaalisiin ympäristötekijöihin. Tutkimukseen pyydettiin syksyllä 2008 harkinnanvaraisesti 125 alakoulun ensimmäisen luokan oppilasta Pohjois-Karjalasta ja Etelä-Pohjanmaalta. Tilastolliseen tarkasteluun hyväksyttiin 43 oppilasta viidestä Pohjois-Karjalalaisesta ja 46 oppilasta kahdesta Etelä-Pohjalaisesta alakoulusta. Lopullisen tutkimusjoukon muodostivat 89 ensimmäisen luokan oppilasta, joista poikia 50 ja tyttöjä 39. Tutkimusaineiston hankinnassa käytettiin kyselylomaketta, itsearviointilomaketta sekä koehenkilöiden havainnointia. Van…
Sīkās motorikas attīstība rokas sagatavošanā rakstīšanai bērniem ar jauktiem attīstības traucējumiem 4-5 gadu vecumā
2019
Diplomdarba “Sīkās motorikas attīstība rokas sagatavošanā rakstīšanai bērniem ar jauktiem attīstības traucējumiem 4-5 gadu vecumā” autore Jeļena Ruduka teorētiski un praktiski aplūkojusi bērnus ar jauktiem attīstības traucējumiem. Pētījuma mērķis: pētīt bērna rokas sagatavošanu rakstīšanai 4-5 gadu vecumā, veicot sīkās motorikas attīstību bērniem ar jauktiem attīstības traucējumiem. Diplomdarbs sastāv no ievada, četrām nodaļām, nobeiguma, literatūras avotu saraksta un pielikumiem. Ievadā tiek noteikta pētījuma problēmas aktualitāte, mērķis, uzdevumi, pētījuma priekšmets un objekts, tiek noformulēta hipotēze. Darba iekļauta teorētiskā daļa, kurā, balstoties uz psiholoģiskās un pedagoģiskās l…