Search results for "necrosis"

Studies of selective TNF inhibitors in the treatment of brain injury from stroke and trauma: a review of the evidence to date

2014

Antonino Tuttolomondo, Rosaria Pecoraro, Antonio Pinto Biomedical Department of Internal and Specialistic Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy Abstract: The brain is very actively involved in immune-inflammatory processes, and the response to several trigger factors such as trauma, hemorrhage, or ischemia causes the release of active inflammatory substances such as cytokines, which are the basis of second-level damage. During brain ischemia and after brain trauma, the intrinsic inflammatory mechanisms of the brain, as well as those of the blood, are mediated by leukocytes that communicate with each other through cytokines. A neuroinflammatory cascade has been reported to be activ…

Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Antagonists and Occurrence of Autoantibodies in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients: A Single Center Experience

2015

Background & Aims: Appearance of auto antibodies have been described during anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha therapy; however, their prevalence and clinical relevance are still unclear. We investigated prevalence of autoantibodies in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) patients on anti-TNFα treatment and occurrence of clinical symptoms. Methods: Titers of ANA, anti-dsDNA, SMA, AMA, LKM were evaluated from blood samples in patients receiving anti-TNFα inhibitor (adalimumab, infliximab). Results: Among 39 patients treated with anti-TNFα therapy, twenty of them developed ANA, mostly induced by infliximab. 55% ANA positive patients developed peripheral polyarthralgias with no need for inter…

Gangrena dei genitali di Fournier

2008

Fournier’s disease in an acute pathologic process of cellulitis and necrotising fascitis involving the male genitals with a mortalità of 30-50 %. The main causes are periurethral and perirectal infections, immunodepressive syndromes, diabetes mellitus and traumas. Mixed types of infections involve aerobic and anaerobic germs, the latter being responsible for necrosis of the subcutaneous tissue. Therapy is synergic and multi-disciplinary, antibiotic with radical and reconstructive surgery. The Authors report a case of Fournier’s gangrene. The discuss about various type of necroting diseases; the different etiological agents. Spreading ways of infectionthrough extermal genitalia,anatomical st…

Osteonecrosis of the jaw related to everolimus and bisphosphonate: a unique case report?

2013

Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is a rare but serious lesion of the jaw, characterized mainly by exposed necrotic bone;it is related to various drugs, usually used for treating patients with advanced malignancies. Drugs implicated in ONJ are: nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (NBPs), denosumab, anti-angiogenic drugs (e.g bevacizumab, sunitinib,sorafenib) and the selective mammalian target of rapamycin mTOR, everolimus. Previous data regarding the combining of NBPs with antiangiogenic agents conflict with some reports (indicating a similar risk of ONJ compared with the use of NBPs alone1); other reports show significantly higher rates (18% vs 1% with NBPs alone) of the incidence of ONJ2. Th…

OSTEONECROSIS OF THE JAW: AN UNUSUAL CASE REPORT

2008

Management of osteonecrosis of the jaws

2010

Differential diagnosis of vascular necrosis of the femoral head (AVN) and transient hip osteoporosis (THO): role of MRI

2014

TRAIL-induced apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells is augmented by targeted therapies

2009

AIM: To analyze the effect of chemotherapeutic drugs and specific kinase inhibitors, in combination with the death receptor ligand tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL), on overcoming TRAIL resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to study the efficacy of agonistic TRAIL antibodies, as well as the commitment of antiapoptotic BCL-2 proteins, in TRAIL-induced apoptosis. METHODS: Surface expression of TRAIL receptors (TRAIL-R1-4) and expression levels of the antiapoptotic BCL-2 proteins MCL-1 and BCL-xL were analyzed by flow cytometry and Western blotting, respectively. Knock-down of MCL-1 and BCL-xL was performed by transfecting specific small interfering RNA…

Psoriatic arthritis and COVID ‐19 pandemic: Consequences in medical treatment?

2020

The COVID‐19 pandemic has a strong negative impact on human society world‐wide. Patients with immune‐mediated disease may be prone to an increased risk of infection and/ or more severe course. We review the available data for patients with psoriatic arthritis (PSA) and systemic treatments. Current treatment options are summarized. Based upon the experience with COVID‐19 the following problems are addressed: (a) Can systemic treatment reduce comorbidities of PsA that are also comorbidities for COVID‐19? Does systemic medical treatment pose an increased risk of infection with SARS‐CoV‐2? Does systemic drug therapy have an impact on the risk of pulmonary fibrosis ‐ a factor with strong negativ…

Cutaneous Exposure to the Superantigen Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B Elicits a T-Cell-Dependent Inflammatory Response

1996

We analyzed the impact of superantigens secreted by skin-colonizing Staphylococci on the skin and the associated lymphoid tissue following epicutaneous application and intracutaneous injection of small amounts of staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB). A single intracutaneous injection of 50 ng of SEB elicited a strong inflammatory response in the skin of BALB/c mice. Three to 6 h later, we observed langerhans cell activation, mast cell degranulation, vasodilation, upregulation of ICAM-1, and induction of VCAM-1 on dermal blood vessels, with vascular adhesion of granulocytes. by 12 to 24 h, cell infiltration of the dermis increased, reaching the epidermis. Among the infiltrating leukocytes, a s…