Search results for "neopterin"
showing 10 items of 18 documents
Virologic, hematologic, and immunologic risk factors for classic Kaposi sarcoma.
2006
BACKGROUND Classic Kaposi sarcoma (CKS) is an inflammatory-mediated neoplasm that develops in the presence of KS-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) and immune perturbation. In the current study, the authors compared CKS cases with age-matched and sex-matched KSHV-seropositive controls without human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection and markers of viral control, blood counts, CD4-positive and CD8-positive lymphocytes, and serum β-2-microglobulin and neopterin levels. METHODS Viral loads were detected using real-time amplification of the KSHV-K6 and EBV-pol genes, anti-K8.1 (lytic) titers were detected by enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay, and antilatent nuclear antigen (LANA) titers were detec…
Profile of the Immune and Inflammatory Response in Individuals With Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes.
2015
OBJECTIVE The inflammatory and immune systems are altered in type 2 diabetes. Here, the aim was to profile the immune and inflammatory response in subjects with prediabetes and diabetes in a large population-representative sample. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In total, 15,010 individuals were analyzed from the population-based Gutenberg Health Study. Glucose status was classified according to HbA1c concentration and history of diagnosis. All samples were analyzed for white blood cells (WBCs), granulocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, platelets, C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin, fibrinogen, and hematocrit. Interleukin-18 (IL-18), IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), and neopterin concentrations w…
Improved identification of heterozygotes for phenylketonuria using blood neopterin and biopterin
1993
A novel approach that combines information provided by the metabolism of pteridines and that of phenylalanine has been applied to the detection of heterozygotes for phenylketonuria. Phenylalanine, tyrosine, biopterin and neopterin have been measured in serum from normal controls and heterozygotes for classical phenylketonuria, before and after a phenylalanine oral load. Significant differences in neopterin and biopterin mean values in fasting serum and in the mean increase of biopterin induced by the phenylalanine load were found between groups. Inclusion of pteridine data in the discriminant analysis significantly improved the resolution of the classical phenylalanine loading test for the …
Divergent in vivo and in vitro antileukemic activity of recombinant interferon beta in patients with chronic-phase chronic myelogenous leukemia
1993
It was the aim of this study to investigate the antileukemic activities of recombinant interferon beta (rIFN beta) in chronic-phase CML in vitro and in vivo. Nine patients in the early chronic-phase of CML were treated in a phase-II trial with escalating doses of rIFN beta. In parallel, antiproliferative and immunomodulatory activities of rIFN beta and rIFN alpha 2b were studied in vitro. rIFN beta exhibited a significantly higher antiproliferative activity on hematopoietic progenitor cells of CML patients in vitro than rIFN alpha 2b. In contrast, only very limited clinical antileukemic efficacy of rIFN beta was observed. None of the patients achieved a complete or partial hematologic respo…
Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines in Elective Flap Surgery
2006
Surgical trauma releases inflammatory mediators such as pro-inflammatory cytokines. In this prospective, controlled, randomized trial we investigated the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and monocyte/macrophage activation in patients scheduled for breast reconstruction after mastectomy. Patients were allocated to one of three surgical procedures, differing in complexity and in the need for implants used for reconstruction.Thirty mastectomized women underwent delayed breast reconstruction with the lateral thoracodorsal flap (LTD), the latissimus dorsi flap (LD), or the pedicled transverse rectus abdominis muscle flap (TRAM). Blood samples for TNF, IL-6, IL-8, neopterin, C-reactive prote…
Differences in non-MHC restricted cytotoxic activities of human peripheral blood lymphocytes after transfusion with allogeneic leukocytes or platelet…
1990
Abstract MHC-unrestricted cytotoxic activity of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from 4–6 healthy donors was investigated before and after transfusion with allogeneic leukocytes or platelets. Natural killer and lectin-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (LDCC) of PBL was tested against K562 and Raji target cells in a 4-h and 16-h 51 Cr-release assay, respectively. After allotransfusion with leukocytes, we found increased cytotoxic activity of each donor's PBL against all the three targets on day 3 or 7. The highest non-specific cytotoxic activity was detected against the relatively NK resistant Raji target cells. The increase of cytotoxic activity was lowest against the LDCC target (PHA-treat…
Kynurenine and Neopterin in Chronic Glomerulonephritis
1999
The results of our clinical observations of 102 patients with chronic glomerulonephritis with normal renal function have shown that hyperkynureninemia in 22,5% of patients develops in cases of pyridoxal-5-phosphate deficiency (hyperkynureninemia after peroral L-tryptophan load), but in 14,8% of patients through the stimulation of the cellular immune system (hyperkynureninemia at fasting state, increase of serum neopterin concentration). In all 20 patients with chronic renal failure hyperkynureninemia develops due to decreased renal function (increased serum kynurenine, neopterin and creatinine concentrations). Therefore, L-tryptophan peroral loading test with the determination of serum conc…
No effects of pulsed radio frequency electromagnetic fields on melatonin, cortisol, and selected markers of the immune system in man.
2001
There is growing public concern that radio frequency electromagnetic fields may have adverse biological effects. In the present study eight healthy male students were tested to see whether or not radio frequency electromagnetic fields as used in modern digital wireless telecommunication (GSM standard) have noticeable effects on salivary melatonin, cortisol, neopterin, and immunoglobulin A (sIgA) levels during and several hours after exposure. In a specifically designed, shielded experimental chamber, the circularly polarized electromagnetic field applied was transmitted by an antenna positioned 10 cm behind the head of upright sitting test persons. The carrier frequency of 900 MHz was pulse…
Pilot study of natural human interleukin-2 in patients with chronic hepatitis B
1993
Ten patients with chronic hepatitis B received increasing doses of nIL-2 (30 000 U, 100 000 U, 300 000 U, 1.0 million U) subcutaneously in a phase I trial. Each dose was applied once per week over 3 weeks. Serum samples were taken before and 2, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after the first application of each dose level. Serum concentrations of interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-2, IL-6, interferon-alfa (IFN- α ), IFN- γ , tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF- α ) and GM-CSF as well as the cytokine-dependent serum components neopterin, beta-2-microglobulin (B2M), C-reactive protein (CPR), soluble IL-2-receptor (sIL-2R) and 2′-5′-oligoadenylate synthetase (2–5 OA) were assayed using ELISAs and RIAs. None of the sample…
Evaluation of soluble CD 14 and neopterin as serum parameters of the inflammatory activity of pulmonary sarcoidosis.
1992
CD14 represents the most specific marker for monocytes/macrophages. It has been demonstrated in vitro that monocytes/macrophages lose this antigen upon activation. Results of studies investigating the expression of membrane-bound CD14 on the surface of monocytes/macrophages in sarcoidosis patients are controversial. To investigate whether the soluble form of CD14 reflects monocyte/macrophage activation in sarcoidosis, serum levels of soluble CD14 were determined concurrently with other serum markers of monocyte/macrophage activation (neopterin, angiotensin-converting enzyme) in 50 consecutive patients with bioptically confirmed sarcoidosis. The patients were allocated to three groups accord…