Search results for "neutron"

showing 10 items of 2330 documents

Evolutionary paths of binaries with a neutron star - I. The case of SAX J1808.4 - 3658

2018

The evolutionary status of the low mass X-ray binary SAX J1808.4-3658 is simulated by following the binary evolution of its possible progenitor system through mass transfer, starting at a period of $\sim$6.6 hr. The evolution includes angular momentum losses via magnetic braking and gravitational radiation. It also takes into account the effects of illumination of the donor by both the X-ray emission and the spin down luminosity of the pulsar. The system goes through stages of mass transfer and stages during which it is detached, where only the rotationally powered pulsar irradiates the donor. We show that the pulsar irradiation is a necessary ingredient to reach SAX J1808.4-3658 orbital pe…

Angular momentumastro-ph.SRAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysics01 natural sciencesLuminosityPulsars: individual: SAX J1808.4Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicaPulsarBinaries: closeMass transfer0103 physical sciencesBinaries: generalStars: low-maAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics010303 astronomy & astrophysicsSolar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)3658 -X-rays: binarieHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Physicsastro-ph.HE010308 nuclear & particles physicsGravitational waveAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstronomy and AstrophysicOrbital periodNeutron starAstrophysics - Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsSpace and Planetary ScienceAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaLow Mass
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Hyperbranched Polyglycerol-Based Lipids via Oxyanionic Polymerization: Toward Multifunctional Stealth Liposomes

2010

We describe the synthesis of linear-hyperbranched lipids for liposome preparation based on linear poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and hyperbranched polyglycerol (PG). Molecular weights were adjusted to values around 3000 g/mol with varying degrees of polymerization of the linear and the branched segments in analogy to PEG-based stealth lipids; polydispersities were generally low and below 1.3. The hydrophobic anchors were introduced into the lipid structures as initiators for the anionic polymerization of ethylene oxide and are either based on cholesterol or on different aliphatic glyceryl ethers. Complete incorporation of the apolar initiators was evidenced by MALDI-ToF analysis at all stages …

AnionsGlycerolLiposomeMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyPolymers and PlasticsEthylene oxidePolymerstechnology industry and agricultureBioengineeringLipidsSmall-angle neutron scatteringBiomaterialschemistry.chemical_compoundEnd-groupAnionic addition polymerizationchemistryDynamic light scatteringPolymerizationSpectrometry Mass Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-IonizationLiposomesSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredPolymer chemistryMaterials Chemistrylipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Ethylene glycolBiomacromolecules
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Investigating the Impact of Radiation-Induced Soft Errors on the Reliability of Approximate Computing Systems

2020

International audience; Approximate Computing (AxC) is a well-known paradigm able to reduce the computational and power overheads of a multitude of applications, at the cost of a decreased accuracy. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have proven to be particularly suited for AxC because of their inherent resilience to errors. However, the implementation of AxC techniques may affect the intrinsic resilience of the application to errors induced by Single Events in a harsh environment. This work introduces an experimental study of the impact of neutron irradiation on approximate computing techniques applied on the data representation of a CNN.

Approximate computingComputer scienceReliability (computer networking)Radiation effectsRadiation induced02 engineering and technologyneuroverkotExternal Data Representation01 natural sciencesConvolutional neural networkSoftwareHardware020204 information systems0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering[SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/MicroelectronicsResilience (network)mikroprosessoritNeutronsResilience010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryReliabilityApproximate computingPower (physics)[SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/ElectronicsComputer engineeringsäteilyfysiikka[INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded SystemsbusinessSoftware
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Partitioning of macrocyclic compounds in a cationic and an anionic micellar solution: a small-angle neutron scattering study.

2004

Following a previous investigation on partitioning of some macrocycle compounds in sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB) aqueous solutions and their effect on the micellar structure, a small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) study has been performed at fixed surfactant content (0.20 mol/L) and varying macrocycle concentrations from 0.20 up to 1.0 mol/L. Conductivity measurements have been also performed in order to evaluate the effect of the presence of macrocycles on the critical micellar concentration (cmc) of the two surfactants. SANS experimental data were fitted successfully by means of a core-plus-shell monodisperse prolate ellipsoid model. It has been…

Aqueous solutionChemistryCationic polymerizationSurfactants Macrocycles SANSSurfaces and InterfacesNeutron scatteringCondensed Matter PhysicsMicelleSmall-angle neutron scatteringCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundPulmonary surfactantCritical micelle concentrationElectrochemistryPhysical chemistryGeneral Materials ScienceSodium dodecyl sulfateSpectroscopyLangmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids
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Molecular simulation studies of water physisorption in zeolites

2006

We report a series of Grand Canonical Monte Carlo simulations of water adsorption in NaY and NaX faujasite, as well as in silicalite-1. Computed adsorption isotherms and heats of adsorption were in good agreement with the available experiments. The existence of cyclic water hexamers in NaX located in the 12-ring windows, recently disclosed by neutron diffraction experiments (Hunger et al., J. Phys. Chem. B, 2006, 110, 342-353) was reproduced in our simulations. Interestingly enough, such cyclic hexamer clusters were also observed in the case of NaY, in which no stabilizing cation is present in the 12-ring window. We also report cation redistribution upon water adsorption for sodium faujasit…

Aqueous solutionChemistryNeutron diffractionGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technologyFaujasiteengineering.material010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyMolecular sieve01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesSeparation processAdsorptionPhysisorptionengineeringPhysical chemistryPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry0210 nano-technologyZeolitePhysical Chemistry Chemical Physics
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Application of the small-angle neutron scattering technique to the study of solubilization mechanisms of organic molecules by micellar systems

1996

Abstract We present the possible contribution of the small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) technique to the molecular interpretation of the solubilization phenomena in simple micellar systems. We show for a few ternary micellar systems, that an appropriate analysis of SANS experimental data can provide information on modifications induced on micellar dimension, shape, number of monomer, and charge and on the partition coefficient of the additive and its localization inside the micellar aggregate. The influence of n -alcohols on the thermodynamics and on the structure of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) aqueous solution has been extensively investigated, so the agreement between the results obt…

Aqueous solutionChemistryOrganic ChemistryInorganic chemistryAqueous two-phase systemNeutron scatteringMicelleSmall-angle neutron scatteringAnalytical ChemistryInorganic ChemistryPartition coefficientChemical physicsPhase (matter)Ternary operationSpectroscopyJournal of Molecular Structure
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Determination of organic fluorine in aqueous samples with neutron activation analysis in comparison with the DIN method

1996

Neutron activation analysis (NAA) has been used as detection technique for adsorbable organic fluorine in aqueous samples. The results have been compared with the standardized DIN method which uses a fluoride-ion-selective electrode (ISE).

Aqueous solutionChemistryRadiochemistryElectrodeFluorinechemistry.chemical_elementNeutron activation analysisBiochemistryAnalytical ChemistryNeutron activationAnalytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry
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Static and dynamic light scattering by aqueous polyelectrolyte solutions: effect of molecular weight, charge density and added salt

1990

Abstract Aqueous solutions of quaternized poly(2-vinylpyridine) were investigated by static (SLS) and dynamic (DLS) light scattering over a wide range of polyelectrolyte, c pe , and salt concentrations, c s (10 −3 ≤ c pe ≤ 10 2 gl −1 , 10 −5.5 ≤ c s ≤ 10 −1 moll −1 ). Using DLS the cooperative diffusion coefficient D was measured as a function of c pe and c s . D exhibits a characteristic behaviour in each of three different concentration regimes. In the ‘dilute lattice’ regime, where λ = c pe c s ⪡ 1 , one diffusion coefficient is observed. In the transition regime, where λ ≈ 1, D increases with increasing polyelectrolyte concentration and a slow diffusive mode gradually appears. For λ ⪢ 1…

Aqueous solutionPolymers and PlasticsDynamic light scatteringIonic strengthChemistryOrganic ChemistryMaterials ChemistryAnalytical chemistryConcentration effectCharge densitySmall-angle neutron scatteringLight scatteringPolyelectrolytePolymer
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Sorption of argon and nitrogen on network types of zeolites and aluminophosphates

1991

Abstract Synthetic zeolites and aluminophosphates comprising 10- and 12- membered ring openings, unidimensional and network type of pore systems (MFI, MEL, ERI, LTA, AEL, AFI and FAU) were used as model adsorbents to examine the impact of micropore structure on the sorption properties. Argon and nitrogen were employed as adsorptives. Adsorption measurements were carried out on gravimetric and volumetric sorption devices and also monitored by microcalorimetry. From the low coverage regime of the isotherm Henry's constants and isosteric heats of adsorption were derived. Both quantities allowed the discrimination between 10- and 12- membered ring systems. Unidimensional 10- and 12- membered ri…

ArgonAdsorptionchemistryInorganic chemistryNeutron diffractionchemistry.chemical_elementPhysical chemistryGravimetric analysisSorptionMicroporous materialMolecular sieveNitrogen
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Access to Gamma-ray Spectroscopy of Neutron-Rich sdfp Shell Nuclei

2000

γ-rays in neutron-rich sdfp shell nuclei, produced in deep-inelastic processes during collisions of 37Cl and 40Ar ions on 208Pb and of 48Ca ions on 48Ca, have been studied using large Ge multidetector arrays. Candidates for new yrast states in heavy argon and sulfur isotopes have been identified.

ArgonMaterials scienceYrastNuclear TheoryShell (structure)chemistry.chemical_elementCoulomb excitationIsotopes of sulfurIonchemistryPhysics::Plasma PhysicsNeutronGamma spectroscopyAtomic physicsNuclear Experiment
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