Search results for "newborn."
showing 10 items of 1433 documents
Age-related changes in the expression of CD95 (APO1/FAS) on blood lymphocytes☆
1999
Abstract Aging is associated with alterations of the immune system, thought to be related to an increased susceptibility to infectious diseases, and possibly to cancer and autoimmunity in the elderly. In the present paper we report data obtained on freshly collected blood from 148 healthy subjects of different ages (from cord blood to 102 years old). The subjects were divided into seven age classes (cord blood, 3–11 years, 15–39 years, 41–60 years, 61–74 years, 75–84 years, 85–102 years) and their lymphocyte subsets and the expression of the apoptosis-related molecule CD95 were evaluated. In respect of lymphocyte subsets, the major differences were found in the cord-blood samples compared w…
Maturation of near-field and far-field somatosensory evoked potentials after median nerve stimulation in children under 4 years of age
2000
Abstract Objectives : The maturation of subcortical SEPs in young children. Methods : Median nerve SEPs were recorded during sleep in 42 subjects aged 0–48 months. Active electrodes were at the ipsilateral Erb's point, the lower and upper dorsal neck, and the frontal and contralateral centroparietal scalp; reference electrodes were at the contralateral Erb's point, the ipsilateral earlobe and the frontal scalp; bandpass was 10–3000 Hz. The peaks were labelled by their latencies in adults. Results : The peak latencies of N9 (brachial plexus potential) decreased exponentially with age during the first year, but increased with height thereafter. The interpeak latencies (IPLs) N9–N11, which mea…
Diet supplementation during early lactation with non-alcoholic beer increases the antioxidant properties of breastmilk and decreases the oxidative da…
2013
After delivery and birth, mothers and neonates are exposed to oxidative stress. We tested whether supplementing the diet of breastfeeding mothers with non-alcoholic beer, a product rich in antioxidants, could improve their oxidative status and the antioxidant content of their milk. A prospective trial begun on Day 2 postpartum was conducted in mother-infant dyads.Sixty breastfeeding mothers and their infants were allocated to either a control group (n=30) on a free diet or a study group (n=30) on a free diet supplemented with 660 mL of non-alcoholic beer/day. The oxidative status of the mothers' breastmilk, plasma, and urine and the infant's urine was analyzed on Days 2 and 30 postpartum. T…
Learning-induced neural plasticity of speech processing before birth
2013
Learning, the foundation of adaptive and intelligent behavior, is based on plastic changes in neural assemblies, reflected by the modulation of electric brain responses. In infancy, auditory learning implicates the formation and strengthening of neural long-term memory traces, improving discrimination skills, in particular those forming the prerequisites for speech perception and understanding. Although previous behavioral observations show that newborns react differentially to unfamiliar sounds vs. familiar sound material that they were exposed to as fetuses, the neural basis of fetal learning has not thus far been investigated. Here we demonstrate direct neural correlates of human fetal l…
Association of Low Birth Weight With Altered Corneal Geometry and Axial Length in Adulthood in the German Gutenberg Health Study
2019
IMPORTANCE: Low birth weight is associated with altered ocular organ development in childhood, including the morphology of the eye. However, no population-based data exist about this association in adulthood. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether low birth weight has a long-term association with anterior segment anatomy and axial length in adulthood. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: The Gutenberg Health Study is a population-based, observational cohort study in Germany. All participants underwent ocular biometry. Among the participants with follow-up and self-reported birth weight available, associations were assessed between low birth weight and anterior segment anatomy and axial length using m…
Burden of disease assessment with summary measures of population health for the Region of Valencia, Spain: a population-based study
2011
Abstract Background and objective An important input to decision-making and health planning is a consistent and comparative description of the population health status. The purpose of this study was to describe the burden of disease in the Region of Valencia (Spain). Material and methods Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were calculated and divided into years of life lost (YLLs) and years lived with disability (YLDs). Using death registry data and Valencian population estimates in 2008, we calculated the number of deaths and YLLs. YLDs were based on age- and sex-specific data for countries of the EURO-A subregional level (which includes the Region of Valencia) from the Global Burden of…
New data from the Italian National Register of Congenital Coagulopathies, 2016 Annual Survey
2018
BACKGROUND: In Italy, the National Register of Congenital Coagulopathies (NRCC) collects epidemiological and therapeutic data from patients affected by haemophilia A (HA), haemophilia B (HB), von Willebrand’s disease (vWD) and other rare coagulation disorders. Here we present data from the 2016 annual survey. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data are provided by the Italian Haemophilia Centres, on a voluntary basis. Information flows from every Centre to a web-based platform of the Italian Association of Haemophilia Centres, shared with the Italian National Institute of Health, in accordance with current privacy laws. Patients are classified by diagnosis, disease severity, age, gender and treatment-r…
Is the risk of childhood leukaemia associated with socioeconomic measures in Denmark? A nationwide register‐based case‐control study
2021
The aetiology of childhood leukaemia is poorly understood. Knowledge about differences in risk by socioeconomic status (SES) may enhance etiologic insights. We conducted a nationwide register-based case-control study to evaluate socioeconomic differences in the risk of childhood leukaemia in Denmark and to access whether associations varied by different measures of SES, time point of assessment, leukaemia type and age at diagnosis. We identified all cases of leukaemia in children aged 0 to 19 years, born and diagnosed between 1980 and 2013 from the Danish Cancer Registry (N = 1336) and sampled four individually matched controls per case (N = 5330). We used conditional logistic regression mo…
Antibodies against lytic and latent Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpes virus antigens and lymphoma in the European EpiLymph case-control study.
2011
Background: Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpes virus is associated with primary effusion lymphoma and multicentric Castleman's disease. Methods: Seropositivity to lytic and latent Kaposi's sarcoma herpes virus (KSHV) antigens were examined in 2083 lymphomas and 2013 controls from six European countries. Results: Antibodies against KSHV latent and lytic antigens were detectable in 4.5% and 3.4% of controls, respectively, and 3.6% of cases (P>0.05). The KSHV seropositivity was associated with splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL) (odds ratio (OR)=4.11, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.57–10.83) and multiple myeloma (OR=0.31, 95% CI=0.11–0.85). Conclusion: The KSHV is unlikely to contribute impo…
Both rare and de novo copy number variants are prevalent in agenesis of the corpus callosum but not in cerebellar hypoplasia or polymicrogyria.
2013
Agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC), cerebellar hypoplasia (CBLH), and polymicrogyria (PMG) are severe congenital brain malformations with largely undiscovered causes. We conducted a large-scale chromosomal copy number variation (CNV) discovery effort in 255 ACC, 220 CBLH, and 147 PMG patients, and 2,349 controls. Compared to controls, significantly more ACC, but unexpectedly not CBLH or PMG patients, had rare genic CNVs over one megabase (p = 1.48×10−3; odds ratio [OR] = 3.19; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.89–5.39). Rare genic CNVs were those that impacted at least one gene in less than 1% of the combined population of patients and controls. Compared to controls, significantly more AC…