Search results for "nicotine"
showing 10 items of 145 documents
Coordination Driven Capture of Nicotine Inside a Mesoporous MOF.
2017
Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are a wide class of crystalline porous polymers studied in many fields, ranging from catalysis to gas storage. In the past few years, MOFs have been studied for the encapsulation of organic or organometallic molecules and for the development of potential drug carriers. Here, we report on the study of two structurally-related mesoporous Cu-MOFs, namely PCN-6 and PCN-6′ (PCN stands for Porous Coordination Network), for nicotine trapping. Nicotine is a well-known alkaloid liquid molecule at room temperature, whose crystalline structure is still unknown. In this work, the loading process was monitored by electron ionization mass spectrometry by using a direct ins…
First nation-wide estimation of tobacco consumption in Spain using wastewater-based epidemiology
2020
Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has become a very useful tool to monitor a population's drug consumption or exposure to environmental and food contaminants. In this work, WBE has been applied to estimate tobacco consumption in seven Spanish regions. To this end, 24 h composite wastewater samples were taken daily for one week in 17 wastewater treatment plants, covering altogether a population of ca. 6 million inhabitants. The samples were treated by enzymatic deconjugation and the wastewater content of two human-specific nicotine metabolites (namely, cotinine and trans-3′-hydroxycotinine) was measured to estimate the daily consumption of nicotine. The population-weighted average nicotine…
Alcohol and Nicotine Use among Adolescents: An Observational Study in a Sicilian Cohort of High School Students
2022
In recent years, the mode of alcoholic intake known as binge drinking (BD) has become a common practice, especially among adolescents who, due to socio-environmental motives, tend to reach a rapid state of drunkenness. This drunkeness leads to alterations in brain areas responsible for executive functions and cognitive processes, as well as to the genesis of factors that predispose to lasting addiction. Likewise, nicotine leads to a comparable degree of addiction. On this basis, the aim of this research was to evaluate, on a cohort of 349 high school students (15–17 years old) in the province of Palermo, the following: (I) the drinking model of alcoholic beverages; (II) the use of nic…
Influence of nicotine on machined- and anodized-surface implants. Histometric analysis
2017
Background The nicotine may generate a influence on bone repair and longevity of dental implants. This fact makes studies to improve the surface of the implants are constantly conducted. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of subcutaneous nicotine injection in the osseointegration process on different implant surfaces, through histomorphometric analysis. Material and Methods Therefore, twenty-two male rabbits were randomly distributed into two groups according to the subcutaneous injections: (1) nicotine, 3 mg/day/kg and (2) 0.9% NaCI, 3 mL/day/kg, three times a day. Subgroups were then designated - machined and anodized dental implants were installed in the right and left tibia bone…
Stereoselective Synthesis of 2-Substituted Pyrrolidines
2000
Using O-pivaloyl protected D-galactopyranosylamine and D-arabinopyranosylamine, (S) or (R) configured α-substituted homoallylamines are synthesized with high diastereoselectivity by reaction of the corresponding aldimines with allyltributylstannane. Electrophile-induced endo-trig-cyclization of these N-glycosylhomoallylamines gave the 2-substituted pyrrolidines of high diastereomeric purity.
Can smoking have a positive effect on the course of certain diseases? A systematic review
2022
Background: Smoking cigarettes is a process during which many harmful substances are introduced into the lungs and the influence of these substances on the human body is not completely known. There are many diseases caused by smoking. Interestingly, there are also reports of positive consequences of smoking on some disorders. Aim of the study: The purpose of this article is to review the literature in regards to the diseases in which cigarettes might have a paradoxically beneficial effect — both on the onset and their course. We also want to focus on the mechanisms responsible for this impact. Material and Methods: Electronic searching of PubMed was performed. We analyzed articles published…
Which are the communication styles of anti-tobacco spots that most impress adolescents?
2019
Abstract Objectives To evaluate emotions and opinions of Italian adolescents aged 13-18 years old about different anti-tobacco spots delivered by the mass media campaigns over the world. Methods A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted. Italian students from different regions were enrolled. A video that collected 7 anti-tobacco spots from all over the world. The spots describe the tobacco dependence, the health damages and the tobacco components using different communication styles (funny, scientific, dramatic, comedians, shocking, and sad). Information on age, gender, smoking status of family and peers were gathered. Descriptive and univariate analysis of emotional and cognitive r…
Diferencias de género entre autocultivadores de cannabis en España
2019
The increase in cannabis use coincides with the proliferation of small-scale cannabis cultivation. These crops facilitate substance availability and increased use. Some investigations have studied the characteristics of small-scale cultivators; however, it is not known whether their profiles differ by gender. The aim of the present study was to analyse differences among growers regarding sociodemographic variables, patterns of use and health problems from a gender perspective. A descriptive observational study was designed with a sample of 219 cultivators (157 men and 62 women), aged between 18 and 34. Problematic use of cannabis (CPQ), cannabis dependence (SDS), patterns of abuse (CAST), r…
Sāls nikotīna bāzes tvaicēšanas ietekme uz zobu krāsas maiņu
2022
Sāls nikotīna bāzes elektronisko cigarešu lietošana nesen ir kļuvusi populāra un pakāpeniski aizstāj tradicionālo smēķēšanu . Šī pētījuma mērķis bija noskaidrot nikotīna sāls elektronisko cigarešu lietošanas ietekmi uz zobu emaljas krāsas maiņu. Tika secinā ts, ka pašizveidotai fotometriskai sistēmai ir piemīt augsta precizitāte. Anketas dati norādīja, ka smēķētāji biežāk tīra zobus un lieto sojas mērci, taču retāk dzer tēju salīdzinot ar nesmēķētājiem. Smēķētāju iecienītākā garša bija augļu šķidrumi ar 20 mg /ml nikotīna. Smēķēšana kombinācijā ar tējas dzeršanu izmainīja zobu krāsu toņa zilidzelteno līdzsvaru (CIELab b* telpiskā koordināte) uz dzelteno pusi. Viena mēneša ilga smēķēšana spē…
Replication of the association between CHRNA4 rs1044396 and harm avoidance in a large population-based sample.
2015
Harm avoidance is a personality trait characterized by excessive worrying and fear of uncertainty, which has repeatedly been related to anxiety disorders. Converging lines of research in rodents and humans point towards an involvement of the nicotinic cholinergic system in the modulation of anxiety. Most notably, the rs1044396 polymorphism in the CHRNA4 gene, which codes for the α4 subunit of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, has been linked to negative emotionality traits including harm avoidance in a recent study. Against this background, we investigated the association between harm avoidance and the rs1044396 polymorphism using data from N=1673 healthy subjects, which were collected …