Search results for "nineteenth century"
showing 10 items of 79 documents
The medicalization of suicide in 19th century Spain: theoretical, professional and cultural aspects
2012
This paper analyzes the medicalization process of suicide in Spain during the 19th century. It describes the transition of suicide seen as an act of free will to a model, developed by mental doctors, which considered it a pathological behavior. Against this model, other conservative positions from the fields of Law and Medicine continued to defend the traditional view. The initial interest of mental medicine regarding the social aspects of suicide was developed during this period. The social factor that authors considered to be the most influential to suicide was the loss of religious ideas, which was understandable considering that religion was very present in Spanish science and society t…
Between romanticism, anti-slavery and spirituality: The transcultural feminist echoes of Gertrudis Gómez de Avellaneda’s Sab in Hannah Crafts’s The B…
2017
El siguiente artículo se centra en las novelas Sab (1841) de la escritora cubana Gertrudis Gómez de Avellaneda y en la recientemente descubierta novela The Bondwoman’s Narrative (1857) de la esclava afroamericana Hannah Crafts pues ambas son excelsas en el manejo de una serie de recursos románticos y góticos que encuadran las historias en un contexto decimonónico específicamente femenino. El poder de la pasión, el desbordante y sugestivo marco natural que abriga o arrumba el destino de los personajes y la exaltación de los sentimientos como paradigma epistemológico son los rasgos que las autoras desarrollan siguiendo los cánones establecidos de la época. A través de una intertextualidad tra…
Revival e società a Palermo nell’Ottocento. Committenza, architetture, arredi tra identità siciliana e prospettiva nazionale
2020
Il volume affronta ad ampio raggio il tema del revival gotico a Palermo, dall’architettura alle arti decorative nel XIX secolo, comprendendo i primi trent’anni del Novecento, e puntando a coglierne in particolar modo gli aspetti di gusto, legati alla committenza e al contesto sociale e culturale della realtà siciliana. Nel testo sono avanzate alcune ipotesi relativamente alle ragioni della committenza, suddividendo i primi due capitoli tra fase preunitaria e postunitaria. Nella prima fase la diffusione di restauri e nuove edificazioni è spiegata con la propaganda dei sovrani per sostenere la corona e, contemporaneamente, in ragione dei sommovimenti autonomisti di opposta natura, per il peri…
Multi-currency regime and markets in early nineteenth-century Finland
2020
Pre-industrial money supply typically consisted of multiple, often foreign currencies. Standard economic theory implies that this entails welfare loss due to transaction costs imposed by currency exchange. Through a study of novel data on Finnish nineteenth-century parish-level currency conditions, we show that individual currencies had principal areas of circulation, with extensive co-circulation restricted to the boundary regions in between. We show that trade networks, defined here through the regional co-movement of grain prices, proved crucial in determining the currency used. Market institutions and standard price mechanisms had an apparent role in the spread of different currencies a…
Velka, vararikko ja tuomio : konkurssi ja sen merkitykset 1800-luvun suomalaisissa kaupungeissa
2017
This dissertation makes use of legal documents and ancillary official sources revealing the life courses of individuals to explore the implications of bankruptcy and the meanings attached to it at a time when Finnish society industrialized and modernized. Three perspectives serve to support the analysis. At the heart of the study is the domestic economy. Thus the study is concerned with cases of bankruptcy ruin both during life and also after death. Secondly, bankruptcy is addressed as an indicator of economic dynamism and entrepreneurial spirit. Thirdly, attitudes to bankruptcy are approached from the perspective of legal and social forgiveness. The era of industrialization gave rise to ev…
Income inequality and famine mortality: Evidence from the Finnish famine of the 1860s
2021
This article examines whether economic inequality intensified the adverse effects of harvest, price, and income shocks during a famine. Using a parish-level longitudinal dataset from the Finnish famine of the 1860s, it shows that a substantial proportion of the excess mortality experienced during the famine resulted from a decline in agricultural production, a decline in incomes, and a surge in food prices. The findings indicate that the adverse effects of food output fluctuations were intensified by increasing income inequality and decreasing average income, while the market-transmitted shocks were weakened by a contraction of disposable income. The results are corroborated with multiple a…
Portret staruszki w rosyjskiej memuarystyce kobiecej XIX wieku
2016
In the present article has been analysed portrayals of older women which appear in the memoirs of the nineteenth century Russian women writers. J. Sushkova, A. Kern and A. Smirnova-Rosset in their memoirs most often depict remarkable family members such as grandmothers and aunts, family friends. They focus on the analysis of their personalities, spiritual values and kind-heartedness rather than their physical appearance and signs of physical aging. Among the old ladies portrayed in the memoirs we encounter pious women, wise, experienced, understanding and hospitable women as well as overbearing women or even hostile towards other people. It has been proved in the article that the old women…
Ments alterades en el segle XIX: Els relats d'Edgar Allan Poe i Guy de Moupassant
2014
En el present article s’aborda la confl uencia entre l’autor nord-america Edgar Allan Poe (1809-1849) i l’autor frances Guy de Maupassant (1850-1893), que, a pesar d’estar adscrits a tendencies literaries divergents (romanticisme enfront de realisme/naturalisme), van compartir interessos tematics i formals inequivocs en l’ambit del relat. Partint de les primerenques infl uencies de la contistica de Poe sobre l’escriptura de Maupassant, aquest treball se centra en una seleccio dels relats de l’autor frances que el vinculen literariament a Poe (tant en el terreny tematic com en el narratologic), relacionats amb la fascinacio d’ambdos autors per estats mentals atipics i narradors alterats o «a…
Viajes y redes profesionales en los orígenes del alienismo español
2016
Resumen Este artículo examina la importancia de los viajes y las redes profesionales en los orígenes de la psiquiatría en España. Tras una revisión de los antecedentes ilustrados y los periplos terapéuticos y profesionales en el primer alienismo, se describen los desplazamientos a instituciones psiquiátricas extranjeras, durante el segundo tercio del siglo XIX, de un grupo de médicos exiliados, comisionados y pioneros españoles. Posteriormente, con su afianzamiento social, institucional y profesional, algunas figuras de la medicina mental española estrecharon sus vínculos y su proyección internacional organizando o asistiendo a congresos y otros eventos científicos. Su caso ilustra así el i…