Search results for "niobium"

Decay properties of neutron-rich niobium isotopes

1976

The decay of neutron-rich niobium isotopes in the mass region $A\ensuremath{\simeq}100$ has been investigated by $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-ray singles and $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-$\ensuremath{\gamma}$ coincidence measurements. The isotopes were produced by thermal-neutron induced fission of $^{235}\mathrm{U}$, $^{239}\mathrm{Pu}$, and $^{249}\mathrm{Cf}$, and niobium was separated from fission-product mixtures with an automated chemical procedure. Isomerism was found in the even-mass niobium isotopes with the following half-lives: 1.5 and 3.1 sec for $^{100}\mathrm{Nb}$, 1.3 and 4.3 sec for $^{102}\mathrm{Nb}$, and 0.8 and 4.8 sec for $^{104}\mathrm{Nb}$. Half-lives and $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ rays…

Mechanical, Kinetic and Morphological Correlations during the Scale Growth of Niobium and Zirconium Oxides

2001

Oxidation of niobium at 700°C and zirconium at 850°C, in air or oxygen pressures from 20 to I 000 hPa, lead to the formation in one case of a stratified Nb 2 O 5 oxide scale and in the other case a more compact ZrO 2 oxide scale. Analyses of the evolutions of phases, crystalline textures and mechanical stresses during oxidation are determined by X-ray diffraction techniques. Interactions between chemical processes, crystalline building and mechanical processes constitute together the driving force of the reaction and can explain the differences in morphologies of oxide scales.

XAFS studies of local atomic structure of niobium tellurides

1997

Abstract We present XAFS (K-edge) studies of the local atomic structure around the Nb and Te ions in niobium tellurides (NbTe 2 , Nb 3 Te 4 and NbTe 4 ) in comparison with ZrTe 2 . Using a multi-shell best-fit analysis procedure, we have reconstructed local environments of the Nb and Te ions and compared them with the existing structural models. We found that at the Nb K-edge the XAFS data of NbTe 4 are extremely sensitive to metal clustering and to the subsequent departure from the average crystallographic positions. Moreover, at the Te K-edge the XAFS data allowed us to distinguished the different type of TeTe bonds, for instance: the dimer (TeTe: 2.9 A) and the squares (TeTe: 3.3 A) i…

Anion ordering and defect structure in Ruddlesden-Popper strontium niobium oxynitrides

2004

The crystal structure of the n = 1 member of the Ruddlesden-Popper family (SrO)(SrNbO(2)N)(n) was refined by the Rietveld method using neutron powder diffraction data. This complex crystallizes in the I4/mmm space group with cell parameters a = 4.0506(2) and c = 12.5936(9) angstroms. The refined composition was Sr(2)NbO(3.28)N(0.72), which corresponds to a formal oxidation state for Nb of +4.72, meaning 72% Nb(V) and 28% Nb(IV). The nitrogen atoms order in the equatorial sites of the niobium octahedra according to Pauling's second crystal rule as the more charged anion occupies the site showing the larger bond strength sums. Pauling's second crystal rule is shown to be able to predict the d…

Nb 4 Te 17 I 4 , a New Pseudo One‐Dimensional Solid‐State Polytelluride

1994

The new ternary compound Nb4Te17I4 has been prepared and structurally characterized. It crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group C2/c with unit-cell parameters a = 16.199(4), b = 8.128(2), c = 27.355(6) A, β = 110.84(2)°, Z = 4. The structure consists of infinite one-dimensional niobium/tellurium chains running parallel to the crystallographic c direction. The chains are separated by iodine atoms. Short and long metal–metal distances alternate in the sequence of three consecutive short bonds ([d ≈ 3.1 – 3.2 A) and one long (d = 4.268 A) metal–metal separation. Each Nb atom is eight-coordinate. The composition of the chain is ∞11[(Nb5+)2(Nb4+)2(Te22−)4(Te32−)3(I−)4].

Light induced electropolymerization of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) on niobium oxide

2010

Abstract The photoelectrochemical polymerization of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), PEDOT, was successfully realized on anodic film grown to 50 V on magnetron sputtered niobium. Photocurrent Spectroscopy was employed to study the optical properties of Nb/Nb 2 O 5 /PEDOT/electrolyte interface in a large range of potential, and to get an estimate of the band gap and flat band potential of both the oxide and the polymer. Scanning Electron Microscopy was used to study the morphology of PEDOT. Both the optical and morphological features of the photoelectrochemically grown polymer were compared with those showed by PEDOT electropolymerized on gold conducting substrate.

Electrochemical Fabrication of High K Niobium-Tantalum Mixed Oxides/Poly 3-4 Ethylene Dioxythiophene Junctions.

2012

ELECTROCHEMICAL FABRICATION OF METAL/OXIDE/CONDUCTING POLYMER JUNCTIONS FOR ELECTRONIC DEVICES

2014

Niobium phosphates as new highly selective catalysts for the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane

2011

Several niobium phosphate phases have been prepared, fully characterized and tested as catalysts for the selective oxidation of ethane to ethylene. Three distinct niobium phosphate catalysts were prepared, and each was comprised predominantly of a different bulk phase, namely Nb(2)P(4)O(15), NbOPO(4) and Nb(1.91)P(2.82)O(12). All of the niobium phosphate catalysts showed high selectivity towards ethylene, but the best catalyst was Nb(1.91)P(2.82)O(12), which was produced from the reduction of niobium oxide phosphate (NbOPO(4)) by hydrogen. It was particularly selective for ethylene, giving ca. 95% selectivity at 5% conversion, decreasing to ca. 90% at 15% conversion, and only produced low l…

Structural characterization of Niobium Phosphate Catalysts used for the Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Ethane to Ethylene

2011

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2011 in Nashville, Tennessee, USA, August 7–August 11, 2011.