Search results for "nitrone"

[3+2] Cycloaddition Reaction of C -Phenyl-N -methyl Nitrone to Acyclic-Olefin-Bearing Electron-Donating Substituent: A Molecular Electron Density The…

2018

A DFT study of the role of the Lewis acid catalysts in the [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of the electrophilic nitrone isomer of methyl glyoxylate ox…

2015

The molecular mechanism and stereoselectivity of the BF3 Lewis acid catalyzed [3 + 2] cycloaddition (32CA) reaction between C-methoxycarbonyl nitrone and cyclopentene has been theoretically studied using DFT methods at the MPWB1K/6-31G(d) computational level. The BF3 catalyst accelerates the 32CA reaction by decreasing the activation energy leading to the formation of the trans cycloadduct as the kinetic product, in agreement with the experimental data. Inclusion of solvent effects slightly increases the activation energy and decreases the exothermic character of the 32CA reaction as a consequence of a better solvation of nitrone than the transition state and the cycloadduct. The use of the…

Non-classical CH⋯O hydrogen-bond determining the regio- and stereoselectivity in the [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of (Z)-C-phenyl-N-methylnitrone w…

2015

The role of the ester groups in the regio- and stereoselectivities of the zw-type [3 + 2] cycloaddition (32CA) reaction of C-phenyl-N-methylnitrone with dimethyl 2-benzylidenecyclopropane-1,1-dicarboxylate (BCPC) has been studied using DFT methods at the MPWB1K/6-31G(d) level. The possible ortho/meta regioisomeric channels and the endo/exo stereoselective approach modes were explored and characterized. Analysis of the relative energies associated with the different reaction pathways indicates that the presence of the two CO2Me groups in the cyclopropane ring has a remarkable effect on selectivities favouring the ortho/endo path, in good agreement with the experimental data. Inclusion of sol…

Quantitative characterization of the global electrophilicity pattern of some reagents involved in 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions

2003

Abstract The global electrophilicity power, ω, of a series of dipoles and dipolarophiles commonly used in 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions may be conveniently classified within a unique relative scale. The effects of chemical substitution on the electrophilicity of molecules have been evaluated using a representative set of electron-withdrawing and electron-releasing groups for a series of dipoles including nitrone, nitrile oxide and azide derivatives. The absolute scale of electrophilicity is used to rationalize the chemical reactivity of these species as compared to the static reactivity pattern of the reagents involved in the Diels–Alder reactions.

A DFT study of the molecular mechanisms of the nucleophilic addition of ester-derived lithium enolates and silyl ketene acetals to nitrones: Effects …

2006

9 pages, 6 schemes, 3 figures, 2 tables.

The nucleophilic addition of nitrones to carbonyl compounds: insights on the nature of the mechanism of the l-proline induced asymmetric reaction fro…

2004

Abstract The mechanism of the l -proline induced asymmetric nitrone–aldol reaction of N -methyl- C -ethylnitrone with dimethyl ketomalonate has been studied by using density functional theory at B3LYP/6-31G** level. The reaction was initialized by the addition of l -proline to the nitrone to form an aminal, which by elimination of the hydroxylamine gave a chiral enamine. The nucleophilic addition of this chiral enamine to dimethyl ketomalonate corresponds to stereoselective C–C bond-formation step. Further nucleophilic addition of hydroxylamine to the zwitterionic intermediate formed in the enamine addition gave a second aminal, which by l -proline elimination afforded the corresponding β-h…

Multiplicity of Reaction Pathways in the Processes of Oxygen Transfer to Secondary Amines by Mo(VI) and W(VI) Peroxo Complexes.

1996

Oxidation of N,N-benzylmethylamine, N,N-benzylisopropylamine, and N,N-benzyl-tert-butylamine by both anionic and neutral Mo(VI) and W(VI) oxodiperoxo complexes yields the corresponding nitrones quantitatively. The oxidation reactions employing anionic oxidants were performed in CHCl(3) and follow second-order kinetics, first order with respect to the amine and to the oxidant. The data were rationalized on the basis of a rate-determining nucleophilic attack of the amine onto the peroxide oxygen of the oxidant, with a transition state in which N-O bond formation and O-O bond cleavage occur in a concerted way (electrophilic oxygen transfer mechanism). This attack yields the corresponding hydro…

Tandem Reactions of 1,2,4-Oxadiazoles with Allylamines

2011

A reaction of 3-chloro-1,2,4-oxadiazoles with allylamine and diallylamine has been investigated. 3,3a,4,5-Tetrahydroisoxazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines are produced through a tandem ANRORC/[3 + 2]cycloaddition pathway consisting of the addition of allylamine to the 1,2,4-oxadiazole, followed by ring opening, nitrone formation, and finally cycloaddition. 3-N-Allylamino-1,2,4-oxadiazoles were also obtained as minor products through a classical SNAr. Conversely, a reaction with diallylamine produces 3-N,N-diallylamino-1,2,4-oxadiazole and imidazoline through tandem SNAr/aziridination and nucleophilic ring opening.

A bonding evolution theory study of the mechanism of [3+2] cycloaddition reactions of nitrones with electron-deficient ethylenes

2015

The mechanism of zw-type [3+2] cycloaddition (32CA) reactions of nitrones with electron-deficient (ED) ethylenes has been studied using density functional theory (DFT) methods at the MPWB1K/6-31G(d) level of theory. An exploration of the potential energy surfaces associated with the four competitive reactive channels of the 32CA reaction between C-phenyl-N-methyl nitrone and acrolein indicates that the cycloaddition reaction takes place through a one-step mechanism. This cycloaddition reaction presents a moderate meta regioselectivity and a complete endo stereoselectivity, which is diminished in dichloromethane. Analysis of the DFT reactivity indices of the reagents allows an explanation of…

Polymeric nitrones, 1. Synthesis and modification of polymeric nitrones derived from polymerizable aldehydes

1999

The model compound N,C-diphenylnitrone[N-(benzylidene)aniline-N-oxide] (3) was prepared by condensation of benzaldehyde with phenylhydroxylamine to study its thermal stability. X-ray diffraction analysis of a single crystal established the conformation of the nitrone group. A new monomer 4-(methacryloyloxy)benzaldehyde-phenylnitrone (8) was also prepared and could not be polymerized with 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as initiator at 70°C. Under these conditions the nitrone reacted exclusively in an intermolecular 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition to give oligomeric tetrahydro-1,2-oxazoline derivates. The kinetics of the cycloaddition was investigated. Additionally, different (meth)acryl- and s…