Search results for "nomi"

Establishing laboratory cultures and performing ecological and evolutionary experiments with the emerging model speciesChironomus riparius

2019

Chironomus riparius is a well‐established model organism in various fields such as ecotoxicology and ecology, and therefore, environmental preferences, ecological interactions and metabolic traits are well‐studied. With the recent publication of a high‐quality draft genome, as well as different population genetic parameters such as mutation and recombination rate, the species can be used as an alternative to the Drosophila models in experimental population genomics or molecular ecology. To facilitate access to this promising experimental model species for a wider range of researchers, we describe experimental methods to first create and sustain long‐term cultures of C. riparius and then use…

From arctic lemmings to adaptive dynamics: Charles Elton's legacy in population ecology.

2001

We shall examine the impact of Charles S. Elton's 1924 article on periodic fluctuations in animal populations on the development of modern population ecology. We argue that his impact has been substantial and that during the past 75 years of research on multi-annual periodic fluctuations in numbers of voles, lemmings, hares, lynx and game animals he has contributed much to the contemporary understanding of the causes and consequences of population regulation. Elton was convinced that the cause of the regular fluctuations was climatic variation. To support this conclusion, he examined long-term population data then available. Despite his firm belief in a climatic cause of the self-repeating …

Consumer perspectives on coastal fisheries and product labelling in France and Italy

2022

Abstract The term ‘coastal fisheries’ designates a form of fishing which is under heavy pressure due to competition by large-scale high sea fishing. Setting up markets for seafood from coastal fisheries might offer possibilities of product differentiation when appreciated by consumers. The aim of this research is to analyse the potential of marketing seafood from coastal fisheries by investigating consumers’ perception of coastal fisheries and their attitudes towards a label for coastal fishery products in France and Italy. This research combined qualitative (focus groups) and quantitative methods (online survey) in two different steps. ‘Coastal fisheries’ were mainly perceived positively, …

Are coastal communities able to pay for the protection of fish resources impacted by climate change?

2020

Abstract The purpose of this study is to examine inhabitants’ motivation and their willingness to pay to mitigate the impact of climate change on fish resources. Willingness to pay was tested empirically using survey data from 333 inhabitants of Sciacca, a fishing community in Sicily, Italy, which has the island’s second largest fishing fleet. People’s attitudes towards climate change, their degree of involvement in the issue, and their concerns about this phenomenon’s potential impact on the marine environment are the key factors affecting their willingness to pay. It was further found that respondents are willing to pay an average of €6.81 per month to support mitigation policies in the f…

Coexistence and resource competition.

2000

How large numbers of species coexist on a seemingly limited number of different resources is a classic problem in ecology1, and attempts have been made to solve it experimentally. But we are not convinced that Huisman and Weissing's2 proposal to add non-stationary dynamics in species abundance to the list of possible explanations offers any new insight into this biodiversity enigma.

The soursop genome and comparative genomics of basal angiosperms provide new insights on evolutionary incongruence

2019

AbstractDeep relationships and the sequence of divergence among major lineages of angiosperms (magnoliids, monocots and eudicots) remain ambiguous and differ depending on analytical approaches and datasets used. Complete genomes potentially provide opportunities to resolve these uncertainties, but two recently published magnoliid genomes instead deliver further conflicting signals. To disentangle key angiosperm relationships, we report a high-quality draft genome for the soursop (Annona muricata, Annonaceae). We reconstructed phylogenomic trees and show that the soursop represents a genomic mosaic supporting different histories, with scaffolds almost exclusively supporting single topologies…

2019

PIWI proteins and their guiding Piwi-interacting (pi-) RNAs direct the silencing of target nucleic acids in the animal germline and soma. Although in mammal testes fetal piRNAs are involved in extensive silencing of transposons, pachytene piRNAs have additionally been shown to act in post-transcriptional gene regulation. The bulk of pachytene piRNAs is produced from large genomic loci, named piRNA clusters. Recently, the presence of reversed pseudogenes within piRNA clusters prompted the idea that piRNAs derived from such sequences might direct regulation of their parent genes. Here, we examine primate piRNA clusters and integrated pseudogenes in a comparative approach to gain a deeper unde…

Taxonomy 2.0: computer-aided identification tools to assist Antarctic biologists in the field and in the laboratory

2020

Species inventories are essential to the implementation of conservation policies to mitigate biodiversity loss and maintain ecosystem services and their value to the society. This is particularly topical with respect to climate change and direct anthropogenic effects on Antarctic biodiversity, with the identification of the most at-risk taxa and geographical areas becoming a priority. Identification tools are often neglected and considered helpful only for taxonomists. However, the development of new online information technologies and computer-aided identification tools provides an opportunity to promote them to a wider audience, especially considering the emerging generation of scientists…

The genome sequencing of an albino Western lowland gorilla reveals inbreeding in the wild

2013

This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.-- et al.

Optimal conservation resource allocation under variable economic and ecological time discounting rates in boreal forest

2016

Resource allocation to multiple alternative conservation actions is a complex task. A common trade-off occurs between protection of smaller, expensive, high-quality areas versus larger, cheaper, partially degraded areas. We investigate optimal allocation into three actions in boreal forest: current standard forest management rules, setting aside of mature stands, or setting aside of clear-cuts. We first estimated how habitat availability for focal indicator species and economic returns from timber harvesting develop through time as a function of forest type and action chosen. We then developed an optimal resource allocation by accounting for budget size and habitat availability of indicator…