Search results for "non-alcoholic"

showing 10 items of 271 documents

Steatohepatitis Impairs T-cell-Directed Immunotherapies Against Liver Tumors in Mice.

2019

Background & Aims Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis causes loss of hepatic CD4+ T cells and promotes tumor growth. The liver is the most common site of distant metastases from a variety of malignancies, many of which respond to immunotherapy. We investigated the effects of steatohepatitis on the efficacy of immunotherapeutic agents against liver tumors in mice. Methods Steatohepatitis was induced by feeding C57BL/6NCrl or BALB/c AnNCr mice a methionine and choline–deficient diet or a choline-deficient l-amino acid–defined diet. Mice were given intrahepatic or subcutaneous injections of B16 melanoma and CT26 colon cancer cells, followed by intravenous injections of M30-RNA vaccine (M30) or intrap…

0301 basic medicinemedicine.medical_treatmentT cellT-LymphocytesArticleMetastasis03 medical and health sciencesMice0302 clinical medicineImmune systemNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseNonalcoholic fatty liver diseasemedicineAnimalsMelanomaTumor microenvironmentMice Inbred BALB CHepatologybiologybusiness.industryLiver NeoplasmsGastroenterologyImmunotherapymedicine.diseaseMice Inbred C57BLDisease Models Animal030104 developmental biologymedicine.anatomical_structurebiology.proteinCancer research030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyImmunotherapySteatohepatitisAntibodybusinessGastroenterology
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PCSK7 gene variation bridges atherogenic dyslipidemia with hepatic inflammation in NAFLD patients

2019

Dyslipidemia and altered iron metabolism are typical features of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 7 (PCSK7) gene variation has been associated with circulating lipids and liver damage during iron overload. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of the PCSK7 rs236918 variant on NAFLDrelated traits in 1,801 individuals from the Liver Biopsy Cohort (LBC), 500,000 from the UK Biobank Cohort (UKBBC), and 4,580 from the Dallas Heart Study (DHS). The minor PCSK7 rs236918 C allele was associated with higher triglycerides, aminotransferases, and hepatic inflammation in the LBC (P < 0.05) and with hypercholesterolemia and liver disease …

0301 basic medicinenonalcoholic fatty liver diseasemedicine.medical_specialtyDyslipidemias; Genetics; Inflammation; Liver; Triglycerides; genes in lipid dysfunction; metabolic disease; non-alcoholic fatty liver diseaseHyperlipidemiasInflammationQD415-436030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyBiochemistryproprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 703 medical and health sciencesLiver disease0302 clinical medicineEndocrinologyGeneticInternal medicineNonalcoholic fatty liver diseasemedicineGeneticsHumansSubtilisinsAlleleTriglyceridesDyslipidemiasHypertriglyceridemiaInflammationgenes in lipid dysfunctionmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industrynon-alcoholic fatty liver diseaseCell Biologymedicine.diseasemetabolic disease030104 developmental biologyEndocrinologyLiverLiver biopsyLipogenesisKexinmedicine.symptomPatient-Oriented and Epidemiological ResearchbusinessDyslipidemia
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Antidiabetic Drugs in NAFLD: The Accomplishment of Two Goals at Once?

2018

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease in Western countries, accounting for 20–30% of general population and reaching a prevalence of 55% in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Insulin resistance plays a key role in pathogenic mechanisms of NAFLD. Many drugs have been tested but no medications have yet been approved. Antidiabetic drugs could have a role in the progression reduction of the disease. The aim of this review is to summarize evidence on efficacy and safety of antidiabetic drugs in patients with NAFLD. Metformin, a biguanide, is the most frequently used drug in the treatment of T2DM. To date 15 randomized controlled t…

3003medicine.medical_specialtymedicine.drug_classmedicine.medical_treatmentlcsh:Medicinelcsh:RS1-441Pharmaceutical Sciencehepatic cirrhosis030209 endocrinology & metabolismReviewChronic liver diseaseGastroenterologylcsh:Pharmacy and materia medica03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineInsulin resistanceInternal medicineDiabetes mellitusDrug DiscoverymedicineBiguanidebusiness.industryLiraglutideInsulinlcsh:RFatty liverThiazolidinedionenutritional and metabolic diseasesnon-alcoholic fatty liver diseaseLiraglutidemedicine.diseaseMetforminMetforminHepatic cirrhosiMolecular Medicine030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyThiazolidinedionesnon-alcoholic steatohepatitisbusinessNon-alcoholic steatohepatitimedicine.drugPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)
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Metabolic signatures across the full spectrum of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

2022

Funder: European Commission

ALTtype 2 diabetes mellitusROC receiving operator characteristicaspartate aminotransferaseHSDLDL low-density lipoproteinUHPLC ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatographyROCHCCNon-alcoholic steatohepatitisGCPCANASHGastroenterology2-HB 2-hydroxybutanoic acid; 3-HB 3-hydroxybutanoic acid; ALT alanine aminotransferase; AST aspartate aminotransferase; CE cholesterol ester; Cer ceramide; FFA free fatty acid; FLIP Fatty Liver Inhibition of Progression; Fibrosis; GC gas chromatography; HCC hepatocellular carcinoma; HSD honest significant difference; LC lipid cluster; LDL low-density lipoprotein; LM lipid and metabolite; LMC lipid metabolite and clinical variable; LPC lysophosphatidylcholine; Lipidomics; Mass spectrometry; Metabolomics; NAFL non-alcoholic fatty liver; NAFLD non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; NAS NASH activity score; NASH non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; NIDDK NASH-CRN National Institute of Digestive Diseases and Kidney NASH Clinical Research Network; NRR non-rejection rate; Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; PC(O) ether PC; PC phosphatidylcholine; PCA principal component analysis; PE phosphatidylethanolamine; QTOFMS quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry; ROC receiving operator characteristic; SAF steatosis activity and fibrosis; SM sphingomyelin; T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus; TG triacylglycerol; UHPLC ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatographySAFSAF steatosis activity and fibrosisLM lipid and metabolitehonest significant differenceHSD honest significant differenceTG triacylglycerolnon-rejection ratecholesterol esterPCPEGC gas chromatographyfree fatty acidFLIPNASH non-alcoholic steatohepatitisNIDDK NASH-CRN National Institute of Digestive Diseases and Kidney NASH Clinical Research NetworkBIOMARKERST2DMPE phosphatidylethanolamineLDLlipidNAFLDFFA free fatty acid2-HBMetabolomicsNAFL non-alcoholic fatty liverLMCphosphatidylcholineScience & TechnologySM sphingomyelinGastroenterology & HepatologyMass spectrometryactivitynutritional and metabolic diseasesT2DM type 2 diabetes mellitusACIDSreceiving operator characteristicdigestive system diseasesquadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometryLC lipid clusterlow-density lipoproteinNAS2-HB 2-hydroxybutanoic acidNAS NASH activity scoreQTOFMSether PCNRRSCORING SYSTEMprincipal component analysisgas chromatographyLC2-hydroxybutanoic acidPROGRESSIONAST aspartate aminotransferaseLMPC phosphatidylcholinePC(O)MARKERSUHPLCsteatosisTOOLImmunology and AllergyINSULIN-RESISTANCECerSMFatty Liver Inhibition of Progressionhepatocellular carcinoma2-HB 2-hydroxybutanoic acid NIDDK NASH-CRN National Institute of Digestive Diseases and Kidney NASH Clinical Research Network NRR non-rejection rate Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis PC(O) ether PC PC phosphatidylcholine PCA principal component analysis PE phosphatidylethanolamine QTOFMS quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry ROC receiving operator characteristic SAF steatosis activity and fibrosis SM T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus TG triacylglycerol UHPLC ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatographyultrahigh-performance liquid chromatographyCELPC3-HBNAFLnon-alcoholic fatty liverTGtriacylglycerolNRR non-rejection rateLife Sciences & BiomedicineNAFLD non-alcoholic fatty liver diseaseFLIP Fatty Liver Inhibition of Progressionalanine aminotransferasemetaboliteCer ceramideCE cholesterol estersphingomyelinlysophosphatidylcholineand fibrosisALT alanine aminotransferaseInternal MedicineceramideNational Institute of Digestive Diseases and Kidney NASH Clinical Research NetworkAST3-HB 3-hydroxybutanoic acidQTOFMS quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometryPCA principal component analysisLPC lysophosphatidylcholineHepatologynon-alcoholic fatty liver diseaseand clinical variablePC(O) ether PC3-hydroxybutanoic acidFibrosisNASH activity scoreNIDDK NASH-CRNlipid clusterlipid and metabolitephosphatidylethanolamineLipidomicsLMC lipid metabolite and clinical variableFFAHCC hepatocellular carcinomaJHEP reports : innovation in hepatology
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Pattern of macrovascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma

2021

Background and aims: In patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), macrovascular invasion (MaVI) limits treatment options and decreases survival. Detailed data on the relationship between MaVI extension and patients' characteristics, and its impact on patients' outcome are limited. We evaluated the prevalence and extension of MaVI in a large cohort of consecutive HCC patients, analysing its association with liver disease and tumour characteristics, as well as with treatments performed and patients' survival. Methods: We analysed data of 4774 patients diagnosed with HCC recorded in the Italian Liver Cancer (ITA.LI.CA) database (2008-2018). Recursive partition analysis (RPA) was performed …

Ablation TechniquesMaleRegistrieCirrhosisClinical BiochemistryMesenteric Veinloco-regional treatment030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyBiochemistryGastroenterologysurgeryAntineoplastic AgentLiver disease0302 clinical medicineNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver Diseasecirrhosis; hepatocellular carcinoma; loco-regional treatment; portal vein thrombosis; surgery; transplantationAscitesAblation Techniqueportal vein thrombosisRegistries030212 general & internal medicineChronicSettore MED/12 - GastroenterologiaPortal VeinLiver DiseasesLiver NeoplasmsAsciteshepatocellular carcinomaGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedSorafenibPrognosisHepatitis BAlcoholicHepatitis CTumor BurdenSurvival RateItalyLiver NeoplasmHepatocellular carcinomaAsciteFemalemedicine.symptomLiver cancerHumanmedicine.medical_specialtyCarcinoma HepatocellularPrognosiAntineoplastic AgentsEnd Stage Liver Disease03 medical and health sciencesMesenteric VeinsHepatitis B ChronicInternal medicinemedicineHumansHepatectomyNeoplasm Invasivenessportal vein thrombosiLiver Diseases AlcoholicAgedNeoplasm Invasivene...Performance statusbusiness.industrycirrhosisCarcinomaSettore MED/09 - MEDICINA INTERNAPatient AcuityHepatocellularHepatitis C Chronicmedicine.diseaseLiver TransplantationTransplantationLiver functionbusinesscirrhositransplantationEuropean Journal of Clinical Investigation
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Standardisation of diet and exercise in clinical trials of NAFLD-NASH: Recommendations from the Liver Forum

2019

Abstract: Lifestyle modification is the foundation of treatment recommendations for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The design of clinical trials in NASH may be impeded by the lack of a systematic approach to identify and evaluate how lifestyle changes and/or modifications influence clinical trial outcomes and associated endpoints. Furthermore, there are additional uncertainties regarding the methods that can be utilised to better characterise and quantify lifestyle variables - which can influence disease activity and alter trial endpoints - to allow for comparisons of trial outcomes across different phases of research and/or within drug-c…

Adult0301 basic medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyStandard of careContext (language use)DiseaseBody Mass IndexDisease activity03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineLifestyle modificationNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseHumansMedicineIntensive care medicineExerciseClinical Trials as TopicHepatologybusiness.industryBody WeightFatty livermedicine.diseaseExercise TherapyClinical trialTreatment Outcome030104 developmental biology030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyHuman medicineDiet HealthyWaist CircumferenceSteatohepatitisbusinessJournal of Hepatology
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Norursodeoxycholic acid versus placebo in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2…

2019

Norursodeoxycholic acid is an orally administered side chain-shortened homologue of ursodeoxycholic acid that undergoes hepatic enrichment with hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antifibrotic activity. We assessed the efficacy of two doses of norursodeoxycholic acid versus placebo for the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.We did a multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised, phase 2 dose-finding clinical trial in tertiary referral hospitals and medical centres in Austria (n=6) and Germany (n=23) for patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with or without diabetes. Patients with a clinical diagnosis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and serum alani…

AdultBlood GlucoseMalemedicine.medical_specialtyCholagogues and CholereticsPopulationPlaceboGastroenterologylaw.invention03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRandomized controlled trialDouble-Blind MethodlawNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseDiabetes mellitusInternal medicinemedicineHumansAspartate Aminotransferaseseducationeducation.field_of_studyHepatologyDose-Response Relationship Drugbusiness.industryFatty liverUrsodeoxycholic AcidGastroenterologyAlanine TransaminaseMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseLipidsUrsodeoxycholic acidClinical trialDose–response relationshipTreatment Outcome030220 oncology & carcinogenesis030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyFemalebusinessmedicine.drugThe lancet. Gastroenterologyhepatology
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Circulating microparticles as disease-specific biomarkers of severity of inflammation in patients with hepatitis C or nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.

2012

Background & Aims Microparticles released into the bloodstream upon activation or apoptosis of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells correlate with inflammation as determined by histologic analysis in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC). Patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) or nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) can be differentiated from those with CHC based on activation of distinct sets of immune cells in the liver. Methods We compared profiles of circulating microparticles from patients with NAFL and NASH (n = 67) to those of CHC (n = 42), with healthy individuals (controls) using flow cytometry; the profiles were correlated with inflammation grade and fibrosis stage based on histologic an…

AdultCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesLiver CirrhosisMaleLymphocyteBiologyCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesChronic liver diseaseSeverity of Illness IndexArticleCell-Derived MicroparticlesDiagnosis DifferentialImmune systemFibrosisCell-Derived MicroparticlesNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseasemedicineHumansAgedAged 80 and overInflammationHepatologyFatty liverBiopsy NeedleGastroenterologyAlanine TransaminaseHepatitis CHepatitis C ChronicMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseFlow CytometryFatty Livermedicine.anatomical_structureAlanine transaminaseLiverROC CurveCase-Control StudiesImmunologybiology.proteinLinear ModelsFemaleBiomarkersGastroenterology
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Obstructive Sleep Apnea Is Associated with Liver Damage and Atherosclerosis in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

2015

Background/Aims We assessed whether obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and nocturnal hypoxemia are associated with severity of liver fibrosis and carotid atherosclerosis in patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD and low prevalence of morbid obesity. Secondary aim was to explore the association of OSA and hypoxemia with NASH and severity of liver pathological changes. Methods Consecutive patients (n = 126) with chronically elevated ALT and NAFLD underwent STOP-BANG questionnaire to estimate OSA risk and ultrasonographic carotid assessment. In patients accepting to perform cardiorespiratory polygraphy (PG, n = 50), OSA was defined as an apnea/hypopnea index ≥5. A carotid atherosclerotic plaque was defi…

AdultCarotid Artery DiseasesLiver CirrhosisMalemedicine.medical_specialtyBiopsylcsh:MedicinePolysomnographySeverity of Illness IndexGastroenterologyLiver Function TestsNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseRisk FactorsSurveys and QuestionnairesInternal medicineSeverity of illnessPrevalencemedicineHumansHypoxialcsh:ScienceAgedNAFLD OSAS ATHEROSCLEROSISSleep Apnea ObstructiveMultidisciplinarymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industrylcsh:RFatty liverApneaSleep apneaMiddle AgedAtherosclerosismedicine.diseasePlaque Atheroscleroticrespiratory tract diseases3. Good healthObstructive sleep apneaEndocrinologyFemalelcsh:Qmedicine.symptombusinessLiver function testsHypopneaResearch ArticlePLOS ONE
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Causal relationship of hepatic fat with liver damage and insulin resistance in nonalcoholic fatty liver

2017

Abstract Background and Aims Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is epidemiologically associated with hepatic and metabolic disorders. The aim of this study was to examine whether hepatic fat accumulation has a causal role in determining liver damage and insulin resistance. Methods We performed a Mendelian randomization analysis using risk alleles in PNPLA3, TM6SF2, GCKR and MBOAT7, and a polygenic risk score for hepatic fat, as instruments. We evaluated complementary cohorts of at‐risk individuals and individuals from the general population: 1515 from the liver biopsy cohort (LBC), 3329 from the Swedish Obese Subjects Study (SOS) and 4570 from the population‐based Dallas Heart Study (DHS). Re…

AdultGenetic MarkersLiver CirrhosisMalenonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver Diseaseinsulin resistanceHumansgeneticsProspective StudiesAdaptor Proteins Signal TransducingSettore MED/12 - GastroenterologiafibrosisMembrane ProteinsOriginal ArticlesLipaseMendelian Randomization AnalysisAdipose TissueDiabetes Mellitus Type 2Chronic Diseasemendelian randomizationOriginal ArticleFemaletype 2 diabetesgeneticfibrosiAcyltransferases
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