Search results for "non-human"
showing 10 items of 183 documents
Trends in sleeping difficulty among adolescents in five Nordic countries 2002–2014
2019
Sleep has been found to be an important factor in adolescents’ mental and physical health. The aim of the present study was to examine trends in sleep difficulty (i.e., difficulty falling asleep more often than once a week) in the Nordic countries among 11- to 15-year-olds. We analysed Nordic data from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study (HBSC), which is conducted every four years, looking specifically at trends in sleep difficulty over a 12-year period from 2002 to 2014. The participants were aged 11 to 15 years. The total number of participants across these years was 113,447. A large percentage (17% to 31% in 2014) of adolescents in the Nordic countries experience sleep dif…
Sleep under exposure to high-frequency electromagnetic fields.
2004
The controversy about potential health hazards associated with the exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF) has been recently stimulated by the increasing use of mobile telecommunication devices. Attention has focused here on non-thermal effects of low-level high-frequency radiation, which does not lead to a heating of tissue. Scientific literature on the effects of high-frequency EMFs on sleep is reviewed. The epidemiological studies provide no evidence that sleep disturbances are a relevant complaint under exposure to such fields. Recent sleep laboratory studies have revealed a number of slight effects. Despite their heterogeneity, there seems to be some consistency regarding a slight sle…
Efficacy of a mandibular advancement intraoral appliance (MOA) for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in pediatric patients : a…
2018
Background To evaluate the treatment efficacy of a mandibular advancement intraoral appliance (MOA) for treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in pediatric patients. Material and Methods Eighteen patients (mean=8.39 years old, women=44.4%) were selected. Sleep disorders, sleep bruxism, and temporomandibular disorders were assessed by the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC), the BiteStrip® (portable SB device), and the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders, respectively. The clinical diagnosis of OSAS was confirmed with a type 3 portable monitor device (ApneaLinkTM Plus). A silicon-based material MOA was used by patients for 60 days, and the resul…
Sex differences in obstructive sleep apnoea.
2019
Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and obstructive sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome (OSAHS) have long been considered predominantly male-related conditions. The clinical presentation of sleep disordered breathing in females differs from males and can vary with age and physiological status,e.g.menopause and pregnancy. Overall, females appear to be more symptomatic, with lower apnoea–hypopnoea index scores compared to males. Furthermore, they appear to have more prolonged partial upper airway obstruction, and may report insomnia as a symptom of OSAHS more frequently. As a consequence of these differences in clinical presentation, females with sleep disordered breathing are often underdiagnosed and…
Dominància i ocupació de l'espai en grups de primats no-humans: un model basat en conducta adaptativa
2007
L'estructura jeràrquica és una de les característiques fonamentals de les societats de primats, que condiciona en gran mesura el comportament dels individus que conviuen al grup. Quines lleis regeixen la formació i l'estructura d'aquestes jerarquies? Per què en determinats grups els subjectes més dominants se situen al centre del grup i en uns altres de la mateixa espècie no? En el camp de la conducta animal s'han proposat múltiples hipòtesis, però no n'hi ha cap que siga totalment satisfactòria, ja que a causa de les múltiples variables que hi infl ueixen, és difícil desplegar una teoria que explique tota la complexitat que s'observa empíricament. La nostra proposta d'estudi es basa en l'e…
Impact of Nonstationarities on Short Heart Rate Variability Recordings During Obstructive Sleep Apnea
2017
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep disorder characterized by breathing pauses due to collapse of the upper airways. During OSA the autonomic modulation, as noninvasively assessed through heart period (HP) variability, is altered in a time-varying way even though time-varying properties of HP fluctuations are often disregarded by HP variability studies. We performed a time domain analysis computed over very short epochs corresponding to the sole OSA events explicitly accounting for HP variability nonstationarities. Length-matched epochs were extracted during OSA and quiet sleep (SLEEP) in 13 subjects suffering from OSA (11 males, age 55±11, apnea-hypopnea index 44±19). Mean HP, varianc…
Race, Environment, and Crisis : Hurricane Camille and the Politics of Southern Segregation
2022
In August 1969 Hurricane Camille hit the Mississippi coast. We argue that the disaster caused by the Hurricane was an outcome of the entanglement between human and non-human agents. As a non-human agent, Hurricane Camille thrust the prevailing socio-economic situation in the segregationist South into the spotlight, with all its political and cultural ramifications – much to the annoyance of the local political elite that had long sought to isolate southern politics from civil rights and the desegregation agenda. Consequently, it (re)invigorated and furnished the civil rights movement and the politics defining that era with new arguments and approaches that would have been impossible to dev…
Occurrence of rapid eye movement sleep deprivation after surgery under regional anesthesia.
2013
Sleep disturbances after general surgery have been described. In this study, we assessed rapid eye movement (REM) sleep in patients undergoing knee replacement surgery using a regional anesthetic technique.Ambulatory polysomnography (PSG) was performed on 3 nights: the night before surgery (PSG1), the first night after surgery (PSG2), and the fifth postoperative night (PSG3). Postoperative analgesia was maintained with peripheral nerve catheters for the first 3 days and with oral opioids thereafter. In addition, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs were administered. Postoperative pain was monitored using a visual analog scale.PSG was performed in 12 patients, 6 men and 6 women, with a mean …
Salivary Inflammatory Molecules as Biomarkers of Sleep Alterations: A Scoping Review.
2021
Poor sleep quality and sleep disorders are the most common problems in people, affecting health-related quality of life. Various studies show an association between sleep disorders and altered levels of stress hormones and inflammatory cytokines measured in saliva. The main objective of this article is to provide an analysis of the current evidence related to changes in inflammatory markers in the saliva and their associations with sleep quality measurement (both objective and subjective methods) in healthy subjects and in sleep-related disorders. To that end, a scoping review was carried out, following the PRISMA criteria in the bibliographic search in several databases: PubMed, EBSCO, and…
Interrater reliability between scorers from eight European sleep laboratories in subjects with different sleep disorders
2004
Interrater variability of sleep stage scorings is a well-known phenomenon. The SIESTA project offered the opportunity to analyse interrater reliability (IRR) between experienced scorers from eight European sleep laboratories within a large sample of patients with different (sleep) disorders: depression, general anxiety disorder with and without non-organic insomnia, Parkinson's disease, period limb movements in sleep and sleep apnoea. The results were based on 196 recordings from 98 patients (73 males: 52.3 +/- 12.1 years and 25 females: 49.5 +/- 11.9 years) for which two independent expert scorings from two different laboratories were available. Cohen's kappa was used to evaluate the IRR o…