Search results for "non-steroid"
showing 10 items of 287 documents
Apoptosis of T cells and the control of inflammatory bowel disease: therapeutic implications.
2007
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) such as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis are the result of an imbalanced mucosal T cell response. Despite the identification of a genetic susceptibility region in the NOD2/CARD15 (nucleotide-binding oligomerisation domain 2/caspase recruitment domain 15) gene, the aetiology is still unclear. Thus, the hunt for disease-initiating factors such as defects in the mucosal barrier or pathogenic microorganisms is ongoing. By contrast, the immunopathogenesis in IBDs is better understood. The identification of cytokines that are involved in T cell and monocyte signalling led to specific therapeutic concepts. Recent data have clearly shown that the most powerf…
Effects of sulindac sulfide on the membrane architecture and the activity of gamma-secretase.
2007
gamma-Secretase is a membrane-embedded multi-protein complex that catalyzes the final cut of the Alzheimer's disease-related amyloid precursor protein (APP) to amyloid-beta peptides of variable length (37-43 amino acids) via an unusual intramembrane cleavage. Recent findings propose that some commonly used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have the ability to modulate specifically gamma-secretase activity without inhibiting the enzyme as a whole. These drugs may shift the processing of APP from the longer amyloid-beta 42 peptide towards shorter, less fibrillogenic and less toxic amyloid-beta species. We hypothesize that gamma-secretase activity, as an enzyme that is strictly as…
Cancer prevention with aspirin in hereditary colorectal cancer (Lynch syndrome), 10-year follow-up and registry-based 20-year data in the CAPP2 study…
2020
BACKGROUND: Lynch syndrome is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer and with a broader spectrum of cancers, especially endometrial cancer. In 2011, our group reported long-term cancer outcomes (mean follow-up 55·7 months [SD 31·4]) for participants with Lynch syndrome enrolled into a randomised trial of daily aspirin versus placebo. This report completes the planned 10-year follow-up to allow a longer-term assessment of the effect of taking regular aspirin in this high-risk population.METHODS: In the double-blind, randomised CAPP2 trial, 861 patients from 43 international centres worldwide (707 [82%] from Europe, 112 [13%] from Australasia, 38 [4%] from Africa, and four [&l…
trans -Lycopene from tomato juice attenuates inflammatory biomarkers in human plasma samples: An intervention trial
2017
cope : To evaluate the effects of carotenoids from tomato juice (TJ) on inflammatory biomarkers, by performing a 4-week dose-response nutritional trial in a population at high cardiovascular risk. Methods and results : An open, prospective, randomized, cross-over, and controlledclinical trial was carried out with 28 volunteers (mean age 69.7 ± 3.1 years; mean BMI 31.5 ± 3.6 kg/m2) at high cardiovascular risk, which were assigned to consume daily for 4 weeks in random order: 200 mL (LD) or 400 mL (HD) of TJ, or water as a control (C), with a 21-day wash-out period between each intervention. Blood samples were collected at baseline (B) and after each intervention. Endpoints included significa…
Aspirin use and breast cancer risk: a meta-analysis and meta-regression of observational studies from 2001 to 2005
2007
Purpose To examine the recent epidemiological studies on aspirin use and breast cancer risk published from 2001 to 2005 within a meta-analysis, to investigate reasons for heterogeneity between the individual studies and to analyse a dose-response-relationship considering frequency and duration of use. Methods We systematically searched for cohort-studies and case-control-studies from 2001–2005, which evaluated the association between aspirin and breast cancer risk. We calculated a pooled estimate for the relative risk (RR) and investigated reasons for heterogeneity between the individual studies and analysed a dose-response-relationship using random effects mixed models. Results We identifi…
Shikonin promotes intestinal wound healing in vitro via induction of TGF-β release in IEC-18 cells
2013
The intestinal barrier is a complex system with a dynamic structure that is designed for the maintenance of homeostasis in healthy individuals. Ulcerative colitis, one of the main manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease, is characterized by an inadequate and delayed wound healing. Shikonin, the active principle in the root of Lithospermum erythrorhizon, has demonstrated its ability to attenuate dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis in mice. Moreover, the root of L. erythrorhizon has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for treatment of burns, anal ulcers, hemorrhoids and skin wounds. However, the effect of shikonin on intestinal wound healing is unknown. Using an in vi…
Studies of selective TNF inhibitors in the treatment of brain injury from stroke and trauma: a review of the evidence to date
2014
Antonino Tuttolomondo, Rosaria Pecoraro, Antonio Pinto Biomedical Department of Internal and Specialistic Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy Abstract: The brain is very actively involved in immune-inflammatory processes, and the response to several trigger factors such as trauma, hemorrhage, or ischemia causes the release of active inflammatory substances such as cytokines, which are the basis of second-level damage. During brain ischemia and after brain trauma, the intrinsic inflammatory mechanisms of the brain, as well as those of the blood, are mediated by leukocytes that communicate with each other through cytokines. A neuroinflammatory cascade has been reported to be activ…
A national multicentre study on severe paediatric recurrent idiopathic pericarditis treated with IL-1 blockers: appropriateness of the standard of ca…
2020
Recurrent pericarditis (RP) is a rare cause of morbidity in children. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), glucocorticoids and colchicine are the standard of care in adults. Recently, anakinra has been proven to be effective in patients with steroid-dependence and colchicine resistance.
Acylated oleanane-type saponins from Ganophyllum giganteum
2014
Abstract Five oleanane-type saponins , 3- O -β- D -glucuronopyranosylzanhic acid 28- O -β- D -xylopyranosyl-(1→3)-[α- L -rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)]-(4- O -acetyl)-β- D -fucopyranosyl ester ( 1 ), 3- O -β- D -glucopyranosylzanhic acid 28- O -β- D -xylopyranosyl-(1→3)-[α- L -rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)]-(4- O -acetyl)-β- D -fucopyranosyl ester ( 2 ), zanhic acid 28- O -β- D -xylopyranosyl-(1→3)-[α- L -rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)]-(4- O -acetyl)-β- D -fucopyranosyl ester ( 3 ), zanhic acid 28- O -α- L -rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-4- O -[(3′-hydroxy-2′-methyl-butyroyloxy)-3-hydroxy-2-methyl-butyroyloxy]-β- D -fucopyranosyl ester ( 4 ), medicagenic acid 28- O -α- L -rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-4- O -[(3′-hydroxy-2′-methyl-…
Genotoxic and endocrine activities of bis(hydroxyphenyl)methane (bisphenol F) and its derivatives in the HepG2 cell line
2008
International audience; Human can be exposed to bis(hydroxyphenyl)methane (bisphenol F or BPF) and its derivatives as environment and food's contaminants. This study was investigated to identify and to compare toxic potency of BPF, BFDGE, and two of BPF metabolites using in vitro methods. BPF did not induce any genic mutation in bacteria when the Ames test was performed according to the OECD guideline. In contrast, using Human cell lines and Comet assay, we demonstrated that BPF and Bisphenol F Diglycidyl Ether (BFDGE) were effective on HepG2 cell DNA fragmentation at non-cytotoxic concentrations. DHB was also positive but at higher concentrations, near its limit of solubility. Neither BPF,…