Search results for "note"

showing 10 items of 10709 documents

Standarta formu cīņa starptautiskajās tirdzniecības tiesībās

2018

Standarta formu cīņa (“battle of forms”) ir izplatīta problēma starptautiskajās tirdzniecības tiesībās, ar kur sastopas tiesas gadījumā, ja puses panāk vienošanos par līguma noslēgšanu, taču nevienojas par piemērojamajiem standarta noteikumiem. Pētījuma mērķis ir izpētīt no ANO Konvencijas par starptautiskajiem preču pirkuma pārdevuma līgumiem izrietošās standarta formu cīņas metodes, to piemērošanas priekšnosacījumus, efektivitāti un nepilnības. Pamatojoties uz secinājumiem, pēc analoģijas izpētīt kā standarta formu cīņa var tikt risināta Latvijas normatīvā regulējuma ietvaros, kurš šobrīd neregulē minēto jautājumu, un secināt, kādi uzlabojumi būtu ieteicami Latvijas Civillikumā. Autore se…

līguma noslēgšananoteikumu inkorporācija“knock-out” doktrīnaformu cīņaJuridiskā zinātne“last-shot” doktrīna
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Kompensācija kā netaisnīgs līguma noteikums

2016

Maģistra darba tēma ir „Kompensācija kā netaisnīgs līguma noteikums”. Līgumsodam, kas noteikts Civillikumā, ir saistību pastiprinoša funkcija un tas darbojas kā sods par saistību pārkāpumu, savukārt Patērētāju tiesību aizsardzības likumā noteiktais līgumsods ir saistīts ar jēdzienu „kompensācija”, kuras mērķis ir atlīdzināt zaudējumus, taču bieži uz pēdējo tiek attiecināts Civillikuma regulējums. Praksē ir divas dažādas atziņas par līgumsoda funkcijām patērētāju tiesību jomā – līgumsods soda patērētāju un atlīdzina komersantam zaudējumus vai līgumsods tikai atlīdzina komersantam nodarītos zaudējumus. Autores mērķis ir izpētīt, vai Patērētāju tiesību aizsardzības likuma 6.panta trešās daļas …

līgumsodskompensācijaefektivitāteNetaisnīgu līguma noteikumu direktīvaJuridiskā zinātne
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La macchina scenotecnica della visione: Robert Lepage e la sintesi tra meccanica e digitale nella messa in scena del Der ring des Nibelungen

2018

Robert Lepage impiega sulla sua scena tutti i dispositivi scenotecnici possibili, siano essi meccanici, elettrici o digitali, operando spesso con tecnologie che ricordano per la loro funzione le macchine scenotecniche del passato. Uno dei dispositivi più utilizzati da Robert Lepage, che connota gran parte della sua produzione, è la macchina girevole che costantemente modifica in tempo reale la scena. La macchina rotante non è però l’unico dispositivo che Lepage rimedia dalla scenotecnica teatrale. Muovendosi in una sorta di neo-barocco tecnologico, infatti, attinge a tutti quei dispositivi e macchine perfezionati nel XVII secolo da scenotecnici italiani, ibridandoli con nuove forme di dispo…

macchinaScena tecnologicaoperavideo projection mappingscenotecnicaLepageSettore L-ART/05 - Discipline Dello Spettacolonuovi media
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Domain wall motion in a diffusive weak ferromagnet

2019

We study the domain wall motion in a disordered weak ferromagnet, induced by injecting a spin current from a strong ferromagnet. Starting from the spin diffusion equation describing the spin accumulation in the weak ferromagnet, we calculate the force and torque acting on the domain wall. We also study the ensuing domain wall dynamics, and suggest a possible measurement method for detecting the domain wall motion via measuring the additional resistance.

magneetitFOS: Physical sciencesMotion (geometry)02 engineering and technologySpin current01 natural sciencestiiviin aineen fysiikkaMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)0103 physical sciencesTorqueelectrical spin injectionmagnetismi010306 general physicsSpin-½Physicsspin accumulationMeasurement methodspin currentCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsCondensed matter physicsdomain wallsspin transfer torque021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyferromagnetismspin diffusionspin relaxationDomain wall (magnetism)FerromagnetismSpin diffusionCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons0210 nano-technologyPhysical Review B
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Room-Temperature Magnetic Bistability in a Salt of Organic Radical Ions

2021

International audience; Cocrystallization of 7,7′,8,8′-tetracyanoquinodimethane radical anion (TCNQ −•) and 3-methylpyridinium-1,2,3,5dithiadiazolyl radical cation (3-MepyDTDA +•) afforded isostructural acetonitrile (MeCN) or propionitrile (EtCN) solvates containing cofacial π dimers of homologous components. Loss of lattice solvent from the diamagnetic solvates above 366 K affords a high-temperature paramagnetic phase containing discrete TCNQ −• and weakly bound π dimers of 3-MepyDTDA +• , as evidenced by X-ray diffraction methods and magnetic susceptibility measurements. Below 268 K, a first-order phase transition occurs, leading to a low-temperature diamagnetic phase with TCNQ −• σ dimer…

magneettiset ominaisuudetDimer02 engineering and technologyGeneral Chemistry[CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyvapaat radikaalit01 natural sciencesBiochemistryTetracyanoquinodimethaneMagnetic susceptibilityCatalysis0104 chemical scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundParamagnetismCrystallographyColloid and Surface ChemistryRadical ionchemistryDiamagnetismPropionitrileIsostructural0210 nano-technologyorgaaniset yhdisteet
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Ligand mediated evolution of size dependent magnetism in cobalt nanoclusters.

2018

We use density functional theory to model the impact of a ligand shell on the magnetic properties of CoN (15 ≤ N ≤ 55) nanoclusters. We study three different ligand shells on each nanocluster core size, each known to have different electronic interactions with the surface: pure Cl ligand shells (X-type), pure PH3 ligand shells (L-type), and two component ligand shells with mixtures of Cl and PH3 ligands. The simulations show that the identity, arrangement, and total coverage of the ligand shell controls the distribution of local magnetic moments across the CoN core. On the surface of an unpassivated CoN nanocluster, the Co-Co coordination number (CN) is known to determine the local magnetic…

magneettiset ominaisuudetMaterials scienceMagnetismCoordination numberShell (structure)General Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesNanoclustersnanorakenteetnanostructureskobolttiPhysical and Theoretical Chemistryta116ta114Magnetic momentLigand021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologycobalt0104 chemical sciencesCrystallographychemistryDensity functional theorymagnetic properties0210 nano-technologyCobaltPhysical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP
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Thermalization of hot electrons via interfacial electron-magnon interaction

2019

Recent work on layered structures of superconductors (S) or normal metals (N) in contact with ferromagnetic insulators (FI) has shown how the properties of the previous can be strongly affected by the magnetic proximity effect due to the static FI magnetization. Here we show that such structures can also exhibit a new electron thermalization mechanism due to the coupling of electrons with the dynamic magnetization, i.e., magnons in FI. We here study the heat flow between the two systems and find that in thin films the heat conductance due to the interfacial electron-magnon collisions can dominate over the well-known electron-phonon coupling below a certain characteristic temperature that ca…

magneettiset ominaisuudetMaterials scienceelectron relaxationBand gapFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyElectronsuperconductors7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesmagnonssuprajohteetMagnetization0103 physical sciencesMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Proximity effect (superconductivity)010306 general physicsComputer Science::DatabasesSuperconductivityCondensed matter physicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsMagnonConductance021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyFerromagnetismtransport phenomenalämmön johtuminenCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons0210 nano-technology
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Artificial cartilage bio-matrix formed of hyaluronic acid and Mg2+-polyphosphate.

2016

Here we show that inorganic polyphosphate (polyP), a polyanionic metabolic regulator consisting of multiple phosphate residues linked by energy-rich phosphoanhydride bonds, is present in the synovial fluid. In a biomimetic approach, to enhance cartilage synthesis and regeneration, we prepared amorphous polyP microparticles with Mg2+ as counterions. The particles were characterised by X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopic (FTIR) analyses. Similar particles were obtained after addition of Mg2+ ions to a solution containing hyaluronic acid, as a major component of the synovial fluid, and soluble Na-polyP. The viscous paste-like ma…

magnesium polyphosphatelcsh:Diseases of the musculoskeletal systemlcsh:Surgeryregenerative medicine02 engineering and technologyCartilage metabolism01 natural sciencesChondrocyteExtracellular matrixchemistry.chemical_compoundCollagen Type IIIChondrocytesX-Ray DiffractionPolyphosphatesHyaluronic acidSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredSynovial FluidmedicineCell AdhesionSynovial fluidHumansMagnesiumRNA MessengerHyaluronic Acidmicroparticles010405 organic chemistryCartilagePolyphosphateSpectrometry X-Ray EmissionSOX9 Transcription Factorlcsh:RD1-811021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesExtracellular MatrixUp-Regulationosteoarthritismedicine.anatomical_structureCartilageCollagen Type IIIchemistrytissue engineeringBiophysicsMicroscopy Electron Scanninglcsh:RC925-9350210 nano-technologyBiomedical engineering
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Systematic Study of a Library of PDMAEMA-Based, Superparamagnetic Nano-Stars for the Transfection of CHO-K1 Cells.

2017

The introduction of the DNA into mammalian cells remains a challenge in gene delivery, particularly in vivo. Viral vectors are unmatched in their efficiency for gene delivery, but may trigger immune responses and cause severe side-reactions. Non-viral vectors are much less efficient. Recently, our group has suggested that a star-shaped structure improves and even transforms the gene delivery capability of synthetic polycations. In this contribution, this effect was systematically studied using a library of highly homogeneous, paramagnetic nano-star polycations with varied arm lengths and grafting densities. Gene delivery was conducted in CHO-K1 cells, using a plasmid encoding a green fluore…

magnetic nanoparticlesPDMAEMAPolymers and PlasticsEGFP02 engineering and technologyATRPPDEGMAGene delivery010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesArticleViral vectorGreen fluorescent proteinpolycationchemistry.chemical_compoundPlasmidIn vivogene deliveryChemistryChinese hamster ovary cellcellular uptakeCHO cellsGeneral ChemistryTransfection021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyMolecular biology0104 chemical sciencestransfectionBiophysics0210 nano-technologyEthylene glycolATRP; cellular uptake; CHO cells; EGFP; gene delivery; magnetic nanoparticles; PDMAEMA; PDEGMA; polycation; transfectionPolymers
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Folate targeted coated SPIONs as efficient tool for MRI

2017

The development of more sensitive diagnostic tools allowing an early-stage and highly efficient medical imaging of tumors remains a challenge. Magnetic nanoparticles seem to be the contrast agents with the highest potential, if properly constructed. Therefore, in this study, hybrid magnetic nanoarchitectures were developed using a new amphiphilic inulin-based graft copolymer (INU-LAPEG-FA) as coating material for 10-nm spinel iron oxide (magnetite, Fe3O4) superparamagnetic nanoparticles (SPION). Folic acid (FA) covalently linked to the coating copolymer in order to be exposed onto the nanoparticle surface was chosen as the targeting agent because folate receptors are upregulated in many can…

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)Materials sciencecancer targetingfolic acid (FA)NanoparticleNanotechnology02 engineering and technologyengineering.material010402 general chemistryDiagnostic tools01 natural sciencesCoatingsuperparamagnetic spinel iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs)AmphiphilemedicineGeneral Materials ScienceElectrical and Electronic Engineeringinulin copolymermedicine.diagnostic_testMagnetic resonance imaging021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics0104 chemical sciencesMagnetic hyperthermiaFolic acidengineeringMagnetic nanoparticlesMaterials Science (all)0210 nano-technologyhuman activities
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