Search results for "nuclear chemistry"

showing 10 items of 1124 documents

Self-diffusion of silicon in molybdenum disilicide

2004

The self-diffusion of silicon in single crystal MoSi2 was studied by means of a radiotracer technique using the short-lived radioisotope 31Si (half-life ), which was produced and implanted into the samples at the ion-guide isotope separator on-line device at the University of Jyvaskyla in Finland. Diffusion annealing and subsequent serial sectioning of the specimens were performed immediately after the radiotracer implantation. In the entire temperature region investigated (835–1124 K), the 31Si diffusivities in both principal directions of the tetragonal MoSi2 crystals obey Arrhenius laws, where the diffusion perpendicular to the tetragonal axis is faster than parallel to it. In previous s…

Arrhenius equationSelf-diffusionSiliconAnnealing (metallurgy)Molybdenum disilicideAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementCondensed Matter PhysicsThermal diffusivitysymbols.namesakechemistry.chemical_compoundTetragonal crystal systemchemistrysymbolsSingle crystalNuclear chemistryPhilosophical Magazine
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Midinfrared FT-IR as a Tool for Monitoring Herbaceous Biomass Composition and Its Conversion to Furfural

2015

A semiquantitative analysis by means of midinfrared FT-IR spectroscopy was tuned for the simultaneous determination of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin in industrial crops such as giant reed (Arundo donaxL.) and switchgrass (Panicum virgatumL.). Ternary mixtures of pure cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin were prepared and a direct correlation area/concentration was achieved for cellulose and lignin, whereas indirect correlations were found for hemicellulose quantification. Good correspondences between the values derived from our model and those reported in the literature or obtained according to the official Van Soest method were ascertained. Average contents of 40–45% of cellulose, 2…

Article SubjectbiologySpectroscopy; Analytical Chemistry; Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsArundo donaxSettore ING-IND/27 - Chimica Industriale E Tecnologicabiology.organism_classificationFurfuralAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundHydrolysischemistryAtomic and Molecular PhysicsYield (chemistry)Biomass characterization FTIR lignocellulose biomass pretreatmentlcsh:QC350-467Panicum virgatumLigninOrganic chemistryHemicelluloseand OpticsCelluloselcsh:Optics. LightSpectroscopyNuclear chemistryJournal of Spectroscopy
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Comparison of gamma-ray coincidence and low-background gamma-ray singles spectrometry

2011

Aerosol samples have been studied under different background conditions using gamma-ray coincidence and low-background gamma-ray singles spectrometric techniques with High-Purity Germanium detectors. Conventional low-background gamma-ray singles counting is a competitive technique when compared to the gamma-gamma coincidence approach in elevated background conditions. However, measurement of gamma-gamma coincidences can clearly make the identification of different nuclides more reliable and efficient than using singles spectrometry alone. The optimum solution would be a low-background counting station capable of both singles and gamma-gamma coincidence spectrometry.

Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]010403 inorganic & nuclear chemistryMass spectrometry01 natural sciencesComprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban TreatyCoincidence030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingNuclear physics03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineBackground RadiationAir Pollution RadioactiveNuclideGamma ray spectrometryBackground radiationNuclear PhysicsPhysicsAerosolsRadiation surveillanceRadiationta114GermaniumGamma rayGamma-ray spectrometry0104 chemical sciencesSpectrometry GammaGamma Rays22Na
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Determination of elemental levels in medicinally important Indian leaves by instrumental neutron activation analysis

1998

Levels of As, Ba, Br, Ca, Ce, Cl, Cr, Cs, Eu, Fe, Hg, I, K, La, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Rb, Sb, Sc, Sm, Sr, Th, Zn, and U have been determined in ten leaves widely used in ayurvedic medicine by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). The neutron irradiations were performed with a 100 kW Triga nuclear reactor and the induced activity was counted with a gamma-ray spectrometer. Based on elemental levels obtained the utility of these leaves in medicine are discussed.

Ayurvedic medicineSpectrometerChemistryHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisRadiochemistryPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthNuclear reactorPollutionAnalytical Chemistrylaw.inventionTRIGANuclear Energy and EngineeringlawRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingNeutronNeutron activation analysisSpectroscopyNeutron activationNuclear chemistryJournal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry
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2,2-Di­fluoro-3-(4-fluoro­phen­yl)-2H-benzo[e][1,3,2]oxaza­borinin-3-ium-2-uide

2017

There is one independent molecule in the asymmetric unit of the title compound, C13H9BF3NO, which crystallizes in the non-centrosymmetric space groupCc. In the molecular structure, the BF2-carrying ring is distorted from planarity and its mean plane makes a dihedral angle of 42.3 (1)° with the 4-fluorophenyl ring. F atoms are involved in all of the short intermolecular contacts of the crystal structure, which link molecules to form chains along [001] and [010].

BF2−salicylatescrystal structureChemistryCrystal structureDihedral angle010402 general chemistry010403 inorganic & nuclear chemistryRing (chemistry)01 natural sciencesPlanarity testing0104 chemical sciencesBF2 complexesCrystallographylcsh:QD901-999Moleculelcsh:CrystallographyUnit (ring theory)IUCrData / International Union of Crystallography
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Inhibitoren der Korrosion 30 (1,2) - Vergleichende Studien über das Verhalten bekannter und bisher unbekannter Inhibitoren der Korrosion des Kupfers …

1985

Folgende Verbindungen wurden auf ihre Fahigkeit zur Inhibierung der Korrosion von Kupferproben unter Standardbedingungen uberpruft: Benzotriazol (BTA), 5-Aminotetrazol-monohydrat (5-AT), 2,5-Diphenyl-3-(m-chlorphenyl)-tetrazolium-nitrat (Tetrazin-B), α- und β-Naphthylamin, Phenylthioharnstoff, Xanthanwasserstoff, 2-Mercaptothiazolin (2-MT) und Kupferron. Folgende Messungen wurden durchgefuhrt: Bestimmung der Geschwindigkeit der Sauerstoffaufnahme im Schuttelversuch und pH-statische Verfolgung des Korrosionsverlaufs in Abhangigkeit (a) von der Konzentration des Inhibitors, (b) dem Verteilungszustand der Kupferprobe (Korn, Staub, Blech), (c) der Anwesenheit von Cu2+-Ionen und (d) dem pH-Wert.…

BenzotriazoleChemistryMechanical EngineeringMetals and Alloyschemistry.chemical_elementGeneral MedicineCopperSurfaces Coatings and Filmschemistry.chemical_compoundMechanics of MaterialsMaterials ChemistryCupferronEnvironmental ChemistryAmmoniumNuclear chemistryMaterials and Corrosion
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Solute transporters (DctA or DcuB) as structural coregulators in bacterial transporter/sensor complexes

2016

BiochemistryChemistryBiophysicsSolute transportersTransporterCell BiologyBiochemistryNuclear chemistryBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics
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Film-forming process and biocide assessment of high-molecular-weight chitosan as determined by combined ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and antimicrobial assay…

2006

This pioneering study reported about the film-forming properties of high-molecular-weight chitosan as followed in situ by attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, and has implications in fields such as biomedical, pharmaceutical, packaging, and coating applications. From the results, it was observed that immediately after dissolution in an acetic acid aqueous solution and subsequent casting over the ATR crystal, the formed carboxylate antimicrobial (-NH3+ -OOCH) species are not stable in the film formulation and become reduced over time; further assays confirmed previous research, which suggested that the presence and stability of these groups is stron…

BiocideChitosanAqueous solutionBacteriaOrganic ChemistryBiophysicsGeneral Medicineengineering.materialAntimicrobialBiochemistryAnti-Bacterial AgentsBiomaterialsChitosanchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryAttenuated total reflectionPolymer chemistrySpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredengineeringBiopolymerCarboxylateFourier transform infrared spectroscopyNuclear chemistryBiopolymers
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The role of size and protein shells in the toxicity to algal photosynthesis induced by ionic silver delivered from silver nanoparticles

2019

Abstract Because of their biocide properties, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are present in numerous consumer products. The biocidal properties of AgNPs are due to both the interactions between AgNP and cell membranes and the release of dissolved silver (Ag+). Recent studies emphasized the role of different nanoparticle coatings in complexing and storing Ag+. In this study, the availability of dissolved silver in the presence of algae was assessed for three AgNPs with different silver contents (59%, 34% and 7% of total Ag), silver core sizes and casein shell thicknesses. The impact of ionic silver on the photosynthetic yield of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii was used as a proxy to estimate the amo…

BiocideSilverEnvironmental Engineering010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesBiological AvailabilityMetal NanoparticlesNanoparticleIonic bonding010501 environmental sciencesProtective AgentsPhotosynthesis01 natural sciencesSilver nanoparticleNanomaterialsEnvironmental ChemistryCysteinePhotosynthesisWaste Management and Disposal0105 earth and related environmental sciencesEC50IonsDose-Response Relationship DrugChemistryPollutionMembraneChlamydomonas reinhardtiiNuclear chemistryScience of The Total Environment
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Design, characterization and in vitro evaluation of 5-aminosalicylic acid loaded N-succinyl-chitosan microparticles for colon specific delivery

2011

The objective of this study was to prepare NS-chitosan microparticles for the delivery of 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) to the colon. Microparticles can spread out over a large area of colon allowing a more effective local efficacy of 5-ASA. N-Succinyl-chitosan was chosen as carrier system because of its excellent pharmaceutical properties in colon drug targeting such as poor solubility in acid environment, biocompatibility, mucoadhesive properties, and low toxicity. It was prepared by introducing succinic group into chitosan N-terminals of the glucosamine units. 5-ASA loaded NS-chitosan microparticles were prepared using spray-drying. As a control, a matrix obtained by freeze-drying techni…

BiocompatibilityCarrier systemColonStatic ElectricityBiocompatible MaterialsNanotechnologyChitosanchemistry.chemical_compoundDrug Delivery SystemsColloid and Surface ChemistryDifferential scanning calorimetryX-Ray DiffractionSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredmedicineZeta potentialHumansDesiccationParticle SizePhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySolubilityMesalamineChitosanCalorimetry Differential ScanningSurfaces and InterfacesGeneral MedicineHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationMicrospheresKineticsFreeze DryingSolubilitychemistryTargeted drug deliveryMicroscopy Electron ScanningWettabilitySwellingmedicine.symptomRheologyBiotechnologyNuclear chemistryColloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces
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