Search results for "nuclear physics"

showing 10 items of 5307 documents

Major results from the first plasma campaign of the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator

2017

After completing the main construction phase of Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) and successfully commissioning the device, first plasma operation started at the end of 2015. Integral commissioning of plasma start-up and operation using electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) and an extensive set of plasma diagnostics have been completed, allowing initial physics studies during the first operational campaign. Both in helium and hydrogen, plasma breakdown was easily achieved. Gaining experience with plasma vessel conditioning, discharge lengths could be extended gradually. Eventually, discharges lasted up to 6 s, reaching an injected energy of 4 MJ, which is twice the limit originally agreed for t…

Magnetic confinementNuclear and High Energy PhysicsTechnology and EngineeringPlasma heatingCyclotron resonanceCONFINEMENT01 natural sciencesElectron cyclotron resonance010305 fluids & plasmaslaw.inventionPHYSICSNuclear physicsstellaratorcurrent drive; magnetic confinement; plasma heating; stellarator; Nuclear and High Energy Physics; Condensed Matter Physicslaw0103 physical sciencesddc:530010306 general physicstellaratorStellaratorPhysicsmagnetic confinementMagnetic confinement fusionplasma heatingcurrent drive;magnetic confinement;plasma heating;stellaratorPlasma530 PhysikCondensed Matter PhysicsTRANSPORTCurrent drivecurrent driveElectron temperaturePlasma diagnosticsAtomic physicsWendelstein 7-X[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]StellaratorNuclear Fusion
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Search for Magnetic Monopoles with the MoEDAL Forward Trapping Detector in 13 TeV Proton-Proton Collisions at the LHC

2017

MoEDAL is designed to identify new physics in the form of long-lived highly-ionising particles produced in high-energy LHC collisions. Its arrays of plastic nuclear-track detectors and aluminium trapping volumes provide two independent passive detection techniques. We present here the results of a first search for magnetic monopole production in 13 TeV proton-proton collisions using the trapping technique, extending a previous publication with 8 TeV data during LHC run-1. A total of 222 kg of MoEDAL trapping detector samples was exposed in the forward region and analysed by searching for induced persistent currents after passage through a superconducting magnetometer. Magnetic charges excee…

Magnetic monopolesProtonMagnetismPhysics beyond the Standard ModelGeneral Physics and Astronomy01 natural sciences7. Clean energyHigh Energy Physics - Experimentlaw.inventionCOLLIDERHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)STOPPING-POWERlawPhysics02 Physical SciencesLarge Hadron ColliderSTABLE MASSIVE PARTICLESPhysicsMagnetismDrell–Yan processhep-phPersistent currents3. Good healthHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyPhysical SciencesELECTROWEAK MONOPOLEParticle Physics - ExperimentGeneral PhysicsMagnetometerPhysics MultidisciplinaryMagnetic monopoleFOS: Physical sciencesNuclear track detector114 Physical sciencesNuclear physicsPhysics and Astronomy (all)Tellurium compoundsHigh energy physics Magnetism Magnetometers Highly ionizing particles Magnetic charges Magnetic monopoles Nuclear track detector Passive detection Persistent currents Proton proton collisions Trapping techniques Tellurium compounds0103 physical sciencesHigh energy physics010306 general physicsColliderIONIZING PARTICLESScience & TechnologyProton proton collisionshep-ex010308 nuclear & particles physicsMagnetometers Highly ionizing particlesMagnetic chargesTrapping techniquesPassive detectionSTATES
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Total and linearly polarized synchrotron emission from overpressured magnetized relativistic jets

2018

We present relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (RMHD) simulations of stationary overpressured magnetized relativistic jets, which are characterized by their dominant type of energy: internal, kinetic, or magnetic. Each model is threaded by a helical magnetic field with a pitch angle of 45° and features a series of recollimation shocks produced by the initial pressure mismatch, whose strength and number varies as a function of the dominant type of energy. We perform a study of the polarization signatures from these models by integrating the radiative transfer equations for synchrotron radiation using as inputs the RMHD solutions. These simulations show a top-down emission asymmetry produced by …

Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD)active [Galaxies]Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesgalaxies [Radio continuum]01 natural sciencesRadio continuum: galaxiesNuclear physicsAstrophysical jet0103 physical sciences010306 general physics010303 astronomy & astrophysicsPhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)polarizationnumerical [Methods]Methods: numericalLinear polarizationAstronomy and AstrophysicsGalaxies: activePolarization (waves)Synchrotron emissionGalaxies: jetsSpace and Planetary Sciencejets [Galaxies]Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
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Severe Psychological Distress of Evacuees in Evacuation Zone Caused by the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident: The Fukushima Health Manag…

2015

Background Following the Great East Japan Earthquake on March 11, 2011, the nuclear disaster at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant has continued to affect the mental health status of residents in the evacuation zone. To examine the mental health status of evacuee after the nuclear accident, we conducted the Mental Health and Lifestyle Survey as part of the ongoing Fukushima Health Management Survey. Methods We measured mental health status using the Kessler 6-item psychological distress scale (K6) in a total of 73,569 (response rate: 40.7%) evacuees aged 15 and over who lived in the evacuation zone in Fukushima Prefecture. We then dichotomized responders using a 12/13 cutoff on the K…

MaleFukushima Nuclear AccidentEconomicsSocial Scienceslcsh:MedicinePoison controlSuicide preventionOccupational safety and healthlaw.invention0302 clinical medicineJapanSociologylawMedicine and Health SciencesFukushima Nuclear AccidentMedicinePublic and Occupational Health030212 general & internal medicinelcsh:ScienceRadiationSchoolsMultidisciplinaryPhysicsMiddle AgedRadiation ExposureNuclear powerSocioeconomic Aspects of HealthMental HealthNuclear PowerPhysical SciencesFemaleResearch ArticleAdultEmploymentAdolescentJobsEducation03 medical and health sciencesEnvironmental healthMental Health and PsychiatryNuclear power plantHumansAgedNuclear PhysicsDemographyHealth management systembusiness.industrylcsh:RHealth Risk AnalysisMental healthHealth CareLabor EconomicsPeople and Placeslcsh:QbusinessStress Psychological030217 neurology & neurosurgeryFollow-Up StudiesPLOS ONE
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Regional deprivation and non-cancer related computed tomography use in pediatric patients in Germany: Cross-sectional analysis of cohort data.

2016

BACKGROUND: Conflicting findings were observed in recent studies assessing the association between patients' area-level socio-economic status and the received number of computed tomography (CT) examinations in children. The aim was to investigate the association between area-level socio-economic status and variation in CT examination practice for pediatric patients in Germany. METHODS: Data from Radiology Information Systems for children aged 0 to < 15 years without cancer who had at least one CT examination between 2001 and 2010 were extracted in 20 hospitals across Germany. The small-area German Index of Multiple Deprivation (GIMD) was used to assess regional deprivation. The GIMD …

MalePediatricsCross-sectional studyGerman Peoplelcsh:MedicinePediatricsDiagnostic RadiologyGeographical Locations0302 clinical medicineGermanyNeoplasmsMedicine and Health SciencesEthnicities030212 general & internal medicineChildlcsh:ScienceTomographyGeographic AreasRadiationMultidisciplinaryGeographymedicine.diagnostic_testRadiology and ImagingPhysicsMagnetic Resonance ImagingEuropeOncologyChild Preschool030220 oncology & carcinogenesisPhysical SciencesCohortFemaleBody regionResearch ArticleUrban Areasmedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentImaging TechniquesNeuroimagingResearch and Analysis Methods03 medical and health sciencesDiagnostic MedicineHounsfield scaleCancer Detection and DiagnosismedicineHumansHealthcare DisparitiesRetrospective StudiesNuclear Physicsbusiness.industrylcsh:RInfant NewbornInfantBiology and Life SciencesCancerMagnetic resonance imagingRetrospective cohort studyOdds ratiomedicine.diseaseComputed Axial TomographyCross-Sectional StudiesSocial ClassSocioeconomic FactorsPediatrics ; Urban areas ; German people ; Germany ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Computed axial tomography ; Cancer detection and diagnosis ; Ionizing radiationPeople and PlacesIonizing RadiationEarth SciencesPopulation Groupingslcsh:QTomography X-Ray ComputedbusinessNuclear medicineNeuroscience
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Many body modes of antiproton annihilation tested with antiproton production

1992

We study the inclusive (y,¯ p) and (p,p) reactions in nuclei and check the sensitivity to the¯p annihilation mechanisms. We find that including the many body annihilation mechanisms in nuclei reduces appreciably the cross section of these reactions with respect to the evaluation considering only the one body mechanism of¯p annihilation. This shows that the¯p production reactions are more sensitive to¯p annihilation than the direct¯p annihilation reactions and makes the production experiments very useful tools to investigate the complex mechanisms of¯p annihilation in nuclei.

Many-body problemPhysicsNuclear physicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsAnnihilationAntiprotonNuclear fusionNuclear ExperimentMany bodyZeitschrift f�r Physik A Hadrons and Nuclei
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High-accuracy mass measurements on neutron deficient neon isotopes

2005

International audience; The atomic masses of the short-lived nuclides 17Ne and 19Ne have been measured with the triple-trap mass spectrometer ISOLTRAP at ISOLDE/CERN. The obtained mass excess for both nuclides deviates significantly from the literature value, in the case of 17Ne about 40 keV. The mass value of 17Ne can be applied for a test of the isobaric multiplet mass equation with respect to an isospin T = 3/2 quartet. In addition, both masses can contribute to the data analysis of collinear laser-spectroscopy experiments where mean-square nuclear-charge radii are determined.

Mass excessNuclear Theorychemistry.chemical_element[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]01 natural sciences7. Clean energyISOLTRAPNuclear physicsNeonnuclei with mass number 6 to 190103 physical sciencesNuclideneon010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentPhysicsmass spectrometers010308 nuclear & particles physicsneutronsAtomic massMass formulaMass21.10.Dr 27.20.+n 29.30.-hIsotopes of neonchemistrynuclear massAtomic physics
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Improved Skyrme forces for Hartree-Fock seniority calculations

1992

Abstract The relationship between Skyrme parameters and physical quantities in nuclear matter is discussed in detail and bounds for some parameters are derived. Improved density-dependent two-body Skyrme forces are obtained by a least-squares fit of all the parameters simultaneously to a large set of data, including nuclear matter, mass formula and Landau parameters, and data of finite nuclei. Special attention is paid to the pairing properties of the interaction. These forces are used to perform self-consistent calculations in spherical closed-shell nuclei and Ca open-shell isotopes, within the Hartree-Fock seniority method. Good agreement with experimental data is obtained.

Mass formulaPhysicsNuclear physicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsSeniority (financial)Quantum electrodynamicsPairingNuclear TheoryHartree–Fock methodNuclear matterPhysical quantityNuclear Physics A
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Mass Measurements with the CSS2 and CIME cyclotrons at GANIL

2005

Commune avec ACEN; This paper presents two original direct mass-measurement techniques developed at GANIL using the CSS2 and CIME cyclotrons as high-resolution mass spectrometers. The mass measurement with the CSS2 cyclotron is based on a time-of-flight method along the spiral trajectory of the ions inside the cyclotron. The atomic mass excesses of 68Se and 80Y recently measured with this technique are -53.958(246) MeV and -60.971(180) MeV, respectively. The new mass-measurement technique with the CIME cyclotron is based on the sweep of the acceleration radio-frequency of the cyclotron. Tests with stable beams have been performed in order to study the accuracy of this new mass-measurement m…

Mass numberChemistryCyclotron020206 networking & telecommunicationsParticle accelerator02 engineering and technologyrp-process[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]Mass spectrometryAtomic masslaw.inventionIonNuclear physicsAccelerationlaw29.20.Hm 29.30.-h 21.10.Dr 27.50.+e0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering020201 artificial intelligence & image processing
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Multiplicity dependence of light (anti-)nuclei production in p–Pb collisions at sNN=5.02 TeV

2020

The measurement of the deuteron and anti- deuteron production in the rapidity range −1 < y < 0 as a function of transverse momentum and event multiplicity in p–Pb collisions at √sNN= 5.02 TeV is presented. (Anti-)deuterons are identified via their specific energy loss dE/dxand via their time-of-flight. Their production in p–Pb collisions is compared to pp and Pb–Pb collisions and is discussed within the context of thermal and coalescence models. The ratio of integrated yields of deuterons to protons (d/p) shows a significant increase as a function of the charged-particle multiplicity of the event starting from values similar to those observed in pp collisions at low multiplicities and appro…

Mass numberCoalescence (physics)PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsLarge Hadron Collider010308 nuclear & particles physicsNuclear TheoryMultiplicity (mathematics)01 natural sciencesSpectral lineNuclear physicsTime of flightDeuterium0103 physical sciencesRapidityNuclear Experiment010306 general physicsPhysics Letters B
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