Search results for "nuclear physics"

showing 10 items of 5307 documents

Search for Direct Top Squark Pair Production in Final States with One Isolated Lepton, Jets, and Missing Transverse Momentum ins=7  TeVppCollisions U…

2012

A search is presented for direct top squark pair production in final states with one isolated electron or muon, jets, and missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at root s = 7 TeV. The measurement is based on 4.7 fb(-1) of data collected with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Each top squark is assumed to decay to a top quark and the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP). The data are found to be consistent with standard model expectations. Top squark masses between 230 GeV and 440 GeV are excluded with 95% confidence for massless LSPs, and top squark masses around 400 GeV are excluded for LSP masses up to 125 GeV.

QuarkPhysicsTop quarkParticle physicsStop squarkLarge Hadron Collider010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyGeneral Physics and Astronomy01 natural sciences7. Clean energyLightest Supersymmetric ParticleNuclear physicsNonlinear Sciences::Exactly Solvable and Integrable SystemsPionPair production0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNuclear Experiment010306 general physicsMinimal Supersymmetric Standard ModelPhysical Review Letters
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Precision Measurement of the RatioB(t→Wb)/B(t→Wq)and Extraction ofVtb

2011

We present a measurement of the ratio of top quark branching fractions R = B(t -> Wb)/B(t -> Wq), where q can be a d, s or b quark, in the lepton+jets and dilepton ttbar final states. The measurement uses data from 5.4 fb-1 of ppbar collisions collected with the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. We measure R = 0.90 +/- 0.04, and we extract the CKM matrix element |Vtb| as |Vtb| = 0.95 +/- 0.02, assuming unitarity of the 3x3 CKM matrix.

QuarkPhysicsTop quarkParticle physicsUnitarity010308 nuclear & particles physicsCabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrixBranching fractionHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyTevatronGeneral Physics and Astronomy7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesBottom quarkNuclear physics0103 physical sciencesHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentFermilab010306 general physicsPhysical Review Letters
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Evidence forB0→ρ0ρ0Decays and Implications for the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa Angleα

2007

We search for the decays B(0) --> rho(0)rho(0), B(0) --> rho(0)f(0)(980), and B(0) --> f(0)(980)f(0)(980) in a sample of about 384 x 10(6) Upsilon(4S) --> BB[over] decays collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy e(+)e(-) collider at Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. We find evidence for B(0) --> rho(0)rho(0) with 3.5 sigma significance and measure the branching fraction B = (1.07 +/- 0.33 +/- 0.19) x 10(-6) and longitudinal polarization fraction f(L) = 0.87 +/- 0.13 +/- 0.04, where the first uncertainty is statistical, and the second is systematic. The uncertainty on the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa quark-mixing matrix unitarity angle alpha due to penguin contributio…

QuarkPhysicsUnitarity010308 nuclear & particles physicsBranching fractionCabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrixElectron–positron annihilationCenter (category theory)General Physics and Astronomy01 natural sciencesNuclear physicsParticle decayPair production0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsPhysical Review Letters
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Measurement of jet charge in dijet events froms=8  TeVppcollisions with the ATLAS detector

2016

The momentum-weighted sum of the charges of tracks associated to a jet is sensitive to the charge of the initiating quark or gluon. This paper presents a measurement of the distribution of momentum ...

QuarkQuantum chromodynamicsCoupling constantPhysicsParticle physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsScatteringAtlas detectorHigh Energy Physics::Latticemedia_common.quotation_subjectNuclear TheoryHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyPerturbative QCD01 natural sciencesAsymmetryGluonNuclear physics0103 physical sciencesHigh Energy Physics::Experiment010306 general physicsmedia_commonPhysical Review D
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Strange quark parton distribution functions and implications for Drell-Yan boson production at the LHC

2012

Global analyses of parton distribution functions (PDFs) have provided incisive constraints on the up and down quark components of the proton, but constraining the other flavor degrees of freedom is more challenging. Higher-order theory predictions and new data sets have contributed to recent improvements. Despite these efforts, the strange quark parton distribution function has a sizable uncertainty, particularly in the small $x$ region. We examine the constraints from experiment and theory, and investigate the impact of this uncertainty on LHC observables. In particular, we study $W/Z$ production to see how the $s$ quark uncertainty propagates to these observables, and examine the extent t…

QuarkQuantum chromodynamicsPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsGauge bosonStrange quarkLarge Hadron Collider010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::LatticeNuclear TheoryHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyDown quarkDrell–Yan processParton01 natural sciencesNuclear physics[PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph]0103 physical sciencesHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNuclear Experiment010306 general physics
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Precision measurement of the ratio of the Λb0 to B¯0 lifetimes

2014

The LHCb measurement of the lifetime ratio of the Lambda(0)(b) baryon to the (B) over bar (0) meson is updated using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.0 fb(-1) collected using 7 and 8 TeV centre-of-mass energy pp collisions at the LHC. The decay modes used are Lambda(0)(b) -> J/psi pK(-) and (B) over bar (0) -> J/psi pi K-+(-), where the pi K-+(-) mass is consistent with that of the (K) over bar*(0)(892) meson. The lifetime ratio is determined with unprecedented precision to be 0.974 +/- 0.006 +/- 0.004, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. This result is in agreement with original theoretical predictions based on the heavy quark expansion.…

QuarkQuantum chromodynamicsPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsLarge Hadron ColliderMeson010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyLambda01 natural sciencesNuclear physicsBaryonLattice (order)0103 physical sciencesHigh Energy Physics::Experiment010306 general physicsPhysics Letters B
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Study of heavy-flavor quarks produced in association with top-quark pairs at s=7  TeV using the ATLAS detector

2014

Using a sample of dilepton top-quark pair ((tt) over bar) candidate events, a study is performed of the production of top-quark pairs together with heavy-flavor (HF) quarks, the sum of (tt) over bar + b + X and (tt) over bar + c + X, collectively referred to as (tt) over bar + HF. The data set used corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 4.7 fb(-1) of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The presence of additional HF (b or c) quarks in the (tt) over bar sample is inferred by looking for events with at least three b-tagged jets, where two are attributed to the b quarks from the (tt) over bar decays a…

QuarkQuantum chromodynamicsPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsTop quarkLarge Hadron ColliderMass distributionAtlas detectorHigh Energy Physics::Phenomenology7. Clean energyNuclear physicsMass spectrumHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentBoson
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Measurement of the D∗± cross section in two photon collisions at LEP

1995

Abstract The inclusive production of D ∗± mesons in photon-photon collisions has been measured by the Aleph experiment at LEP with a beam energy of 45 GeV. The D ∗+ are detected in their decay to D 0 π + with the D 0 observed in three separate decay modes: (1) K − π + , (2) K − π + π 0 and (3) K − π + π − π + , and analagously for the D ∗− modes. A total of 33 events was observed from an integrated luminosity of 73 pb −1 which corresponds to a cross section for Σ( e + e − → e + e − D ∗± X ) of 155 ± 33 ± 21 pb. This result is compatible with both the direct production γγ → c c in the Born approximation and with a more complete calculation which includes both radiative QCD corrections and co…

QuarkQuantum chromodynamicsPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhotonLuminosity (scattering theory)Meson[PHYS.HEXP] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]010308 nuclear & particles physicsPhysics01 natural sciencesGluonNuclear physicsALEPH Experiment0103 physical sciences[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]High Energy Physics::ExperimentBorn approximation010306 general physicsALEPH experimentParticle Physics - Experiment
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QCD effects andb-tagging at LEP I

1995

We analyze the impact of usingb-tagged samples in studying non-Abelian effects due to QCD ine + e − → 4jet events at √s=M z 0, using angular variable analyses and comparisons withe + e − → 3jetγ events. We find that QCD effects are largely enhanced inb-quark samples with respect to ‘unflavoured’ ones, where energy-ordering is used to distinguish between gluon and quark jets. We show that theb-quark mass influences the angular distributions significantly and should not be neglected.

QuarkQuantum chromodynamicsPhysicsNuclear physicsParticle physicsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)High Energy Physics::LatticeHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentVariable (mathematics)GluonZeitschrift für Physik C: Particles and Fields
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Do the Quark Masses Run? Extractingm¯b(mZ)from CERN LEP Data

1997

We present the first results of next-to-leading order QCD corrections to three-jet heavy quark production at the CERN ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ collider LEP including mass effects. Among other applications, this calculation can be used to extract the bottom-quark mass from LEP data and, therefore, to test the running of masses as predicted by QCD.

QuarkQuantum chromodynamicsPhysicsParticle physicsLarge Hadron ColliderHigh Energy Physics::LatticeElectron–positron annihilationHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyGeneral Physics and AstronomyOrder (ring theory)Bottom quarklaw.inventionNuclear physicslawHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentProduction (computer science)ColliderPhysical Review Letters
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