Search results for "nucleotides"

showing 10 items of 297 documents

Cannabinoid receptor 1 modulates the autophagic flux independent of mTOR- and BECLIN1-complex

2013

Cannabinoid Receptor 1 (CB1) has been initially described as the receptor for Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol in the central nervous system (CNS), mediating retrograde synaptic signaling of the endocannabinoid system. Beside its expression in various CNS regions, CB1 is ubiquituous in peripheral tissues, where it mediates, among other activities, the cell's energy homeostasis. We sought to examine the role of CB1 in the context of the evolutionarily conserved autophagic machinery, a main constituent of the regulation of the intracellular energy status. Manipulating CB1 by siRNA knockdown in mammalian cells caused an elevated autophagic flux, while the expression of autophagy-related genes rema…

Cannabinoid receptorMorpholinesGreen Fluorescent ProteinsDown-RegulationmTORC1NaphthalenesBiochemistryMiceCellular and Molecular NeurosciencePiperidinesReceptor Cannabinoid CB1RimonabantAutophagymedicineAnimalsHumansEnzyme InhibitorsCannabinoid Receptor AntagonistsCells CulturedPI3K/AKT/mTOR pathwayAdenine NucleotidesChemistryTOR Serine-Threonine KinasesAutophagyMembrane ProteinsCalcium Channel BlockersEmbryo MammalianEndocannabinoid systemBenzoxazinesCell biologyMice Inbred C57BLnervous systemAstrocytesPyrazolesBeclin-1lipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)MacrolidesSynaptic signalingRimonabantApoptosis Regulatory ProteinsFlux (metabolism)medicine.drugJournal of Neurochemistry
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Type V collagen and protein kinase C η down-regulation in 8701-BC breast cancer cells.

2011

We previously reported that ductal infiltrating carcinomas (d.i.c.) of the human breast display profound modifications of the stromal architecture, associated with anomalous collagen composition. Among the major alterations observed in the interstitial collagen, the relative increase of type V collagen content was detected. When type V collagen was used as an ‘‘in vitro’’ substrate for 8701-BC d.i.c. cells, it appeared able to restrain cell growth, inhibit cell motility and invasion ‘‘in vitro’’, and modify the expression levels of genes coding for apoptosis factors, caspases and stress response proteins. In the present paper we demonstrate that type V collagen induces the down-regulation o…

Caspase 8bcl-X ProteinDown-RegulationApoptosisBreast NeoplasmsDNA FragmentationOligonucleotides AntisenseGene Expression Regulation NeoplasticIsoenzymesCaspasesCell Line TumorHumansFemalebcl-Associated Death ProteinSettore BIO/06 - Anatomia Comparata E CitologiaCollagen Type Vdifferential display protein kinase breast cancer gene expression collagenProtein Kinase CCell ProliferationMolecular carcinogenesis
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Nuclear receptors modulate the interaction of Sp1 and GC-rich DNA via ternary complex formation

2000

Binding sites for transcription factor Sp1have been implicated in the transcriptional regulation of several genes by hormones or vitamins, and here we show that a GC-rich element contributes to the retinoic acid response of the interleukin 1β promoter. To explain such observations, it has been proposed that nuclear receptors can interact with Sp1 bound to GC-rich DNA. However, evidence supporting this model has remained indirect. So far, nuclear receptors have not been detected in a complex with Sp1 and GC-rich DNA, and the expected ternary complexes in non-denaturing gels were not seen. In search for these missing links we found that nuclear receptors [retinoic acid receptor (RAR), thyroid…

Cell ExtractsTranscriptional ActivationReceptors Retinoic AcidSp1 Transcription FactorRecombinant Fusion ProteinsReceptors Cytoplasmic and NuclearTretinoinRetinoic acid receptor betaBiologyRetinoid X receptorLigandsResponse ElementsTransfectionModels BiologicalBiochemistryAntibodiesCell LineSubstrate SpecificityAnimalsPromoter Regions GeneticMolecular BiologyNuclear receptor co-repressor 1Nuclear receptor co-repressor 2Binding SitesReceptors Thyroid HormoneDNACell BiologyRetinoic acid receptor gammaRetinoid X receptor gammaGC Rich SequenceProtein Structure TertiaryNuclear receptor coactivator 1Retinoic acid receptorDrosophila melanogasterEcdysteroneRetinoid X ReceptorsOligodeoxyribonucleotidesBiochemistryReceptors CalcitriolThermodynamicsResearch ArticleInterleukin-1Protein BindingTranscription FactorsBiochemical Journal
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Computational identification of cell-specific variable regions in ChIP-seq data.

2019

ABSTRACT Chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing (ChIP-seq) is used to identify genome-wide DNA regions bound by proteins. Several sources of variation can affect the reproducibility of a particular ChIP-seq assay, which can lead to a misinterpretation of where the protein under investigation binds to the genome in a particular cell type. Given one ChIP-seq experiment with replicates, binding sites not observed in all the replicates will usually be interpreted as noise and discarded. However, the recent discovery of high-occupancy target (HOT) regions suggests that there are regions where binding of multiple transcription factors can be identified. To investigate these regions,…

Cell typeAcademicSubjects/SCI00010Computational biologyPlasma protein bindingBiologyGenomeCell LineEvolution Molecular03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundMice0302 clinical medicineNarese/3Cell Line TumorGeneticsAnimalsHumansEpigeneticsBinding sitePromoter Regions GeneticTranscription factorEmbryonic Stem Cells030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesPrincipal Component AnalysisBinding SitesNucleotidesGenetic VariationPromoterGenomicsChromatinchemistryCpG siteMCF-7 CellsChromatin Immunoprecipitation SequencingMethods OnlineR-Loop StructuresK562 CellsChromatin immunoprecipitation030217 neurology & neurosurgeryFunction (biology)DNATranscription FactorsNucleic acids research
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Alternative splicing products of the tenascin gene distinguish rat liver fat storing cells from arterial smooth muscle cells and skin fibroblasts

1992

Abstract Fat storing-(Ito-)cells (FSC) transform into a myofibroblast-like cell type during liver fibrogenesis. A similar development can be observed in cell culture. At the moment, a definite marker to differentiate transformed FSC from smooth muscle cells (SMC) is not available. We recently found that FSC, SMC and skin fibroblasts (SF) synthesize tenascin, a novel matrix protein. As it is reported that various tissues express different tenascin forms by the mechanism of alternative pre-mRNA splicing, we analyzed the tenascin transcripts in these cell types. Total RNA extracted from cultured FSC, SMC and SF, analyzed by Northern blot hybridization, showed a 7.2 kb transcript in FSC, a 8.7 …

Cell typeCell Adhesion Molecules NeuronalRNA SplicingMolecular Sequence DataBiophysicsGene ExpressionTenascinBiochemistryExtracellular matrixTransforming Growth Factor betaGene expressionAnimalsRNA MessengerNorthern blotMolecular BiologyExtracellular Matrix ProteinsMessenger RNABase SequencebiologyAlternative splicingCell DifferentiationMuscle SmoothRats Inbred StrainsTenascinCell BiologyFibroblastsmusculoskeletal systemMolecular biologyFibronectinsRatsCytoskeletal ProteinsAdipose TissueOligodeoxyribonucleotidesRNA splicingbiology.proteinBiochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
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PTHrP [67-86] regulates the expression of stress proteins in breast cancer cells inducing modifications in urokinase-plasminogen activator and MMP-1 …

2003

It was previously reported that a midregion domain of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), that is, [67-86]-amide, is able to restrain growth and promote matrigel penetration by the 8701-BC cell line, derived from a biopsy fragment of a primary ductal infiltrating carcinoma of the human breast, and that cell invasion in vitro is drastically impaired by inactivation of urokinase-plasminogen activator (uPa). In this study we started a more detailed investigation of the possible effects on gene expression arising from the interaction between PTHrP [67-86]-amide and 8701-BC breast cancer cells by a combination of conventional-, differential display-and semi-quantitative multiplex-polyme…

CellBreast NeoplasmsBiologyHeat Shock Transcription FactorsDownregulation and upregulationCell Line TumorHeat shock proteinmedicineHumansNeoplasm InvasivenessHSP90 Heat-Shock ProteinsEnzyme InhibitorsHSF1Heat-Shock ProteinsMatrigelActivator (genetics)CarcinomaParathyroid Hormone-Related ProteinCell BiologyOligonucleotides AntisenseUrokinase-Type Plasminogen ActivatorMolecular biologyPeptide FragmentsProtein Structure TertiaryUp-RegulationDNA-Binding ProteinsGene Expression Regulation NeoplasticHeat shock factormedicine.anatomical_structureCell cultureCancer researchFemaleQuercetinMatrix Metalloproteinase 1Transcription FactorsJournal of Cell Science
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Novel Lipid and Polymeric Materials as Delivery Systems for Nucleic Acid Based Drugs

2015

Nucleic acid based drugs (NADBs) are short DNA/RNA molecules that include among others, antisense oligonucleotides, aptamers, small interfering RNAs and micro-interfering RNAs. Despite the different mechanisms of actions, NABDs have the ability to combat the effects of pathological gene expression in many experimental systems. Thus, nowadays, NABDs are considered to have a great therapeutic potential, possibly superior to that of available drugs. Unfortunately, however, the lack of effective delivery systems limits the practical use of NABDs. Due to their hydrophilic nature, NABDs cannot efficiently cross cellular membrane; in addition, they are subjected to fast degradation by cellular and…

Cellular membranePolymersAntisense oligonucleotides aptamers carbon nanotubes exososomes liposomes miRNA polymers siRNAAptamerClinical BiochemistryNanotechnologyAnimals; Humans; Lipids; Nanoparticles; Nanotubes Carbon; Nucleic Acids; Polymers; Drug Delivery SystemsBiologyNanoparticleDrug Delivery SystemsNucleic AcidsAnimalsHumansAvailable drugsPolymerPharmacologyNanotubesNucleic AcidAnimalNanotubes CarbonCarbon chemistryRNALipidLipidsCarbonSettore CHIM/09 - Farmaceutico Tecnologico ApplicativoAntisense oligonucleotidesNucleic acidNanoparticlesHuman
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Covalent DNA adducts formed by benzo[c]chrysene in mouse epidermis and by benzo[c]chrysene fjord-region diol epoxides reacted with DNA and polynucleo…

1997

The metabolic activation in mouse skin of benzo[c]chrysene (B[c]C), a weakly carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) present in coal tar and crude oil, was investigated. Male Parkes mice were treated topically with 0.5 mumol of B[c]C, and DNA was isolated from the treated areas of skin at various times after treatment and analyzed by 32P-postlabeling. Seven adduct spots were detected, at a maximum level of 0.89 fmol of adducts/microgram of DNA. Four B[c]C-DNA adducts persisted in skin for at least 3 weeks. Treatment of mice with 0.5 mumol of the optically pure putative proximate carcinogens (+)- and (-)-trans-benzo[c]chrysene-9,10-dihydrodiols [(+)- and (-)-B[c]C-diols] led to th…

ChryseneMaleStereochemistryPolynucleotidesToxicologyAdductchemistry.chemical_compoundDNA AdductsMiceAnimalsCarcinogenBiotransformationChromatography High Pressure LiquidSkinCarcinogenic Polycyclic Aromatic HydrocarbonSingle-Strand Specific DNA and RNA EndonucleasesAbsolute configurationGeneral MedicineDNAPhenanthreneschemistryCovalent bondPolynucleotideAutoradiographyEpoxy CompoundsSpectrophotometry UltravioletChromatography Thin LayerDNAChemical research in toxicology
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Role of Seroalbumin in the Cytotoxicity of cis-Dichloro Pt(II) Complexes with (N^N)-Donor Ligands Bearing Functionalized Tails

2018

Given the potent anticancer properties of cisdiamminedichloroplatinum( II) and knowing its mode of action, we synthesized four new cis-[PtCl2(N^N)] organoplatinum complexes, two with N-substituted pbi ligands (pbiR = 1-R-2-(2-pyridyl)benzimidazole) (namely, 1 and 2) and two more with 4,4′-disubstituted bpy ligands (bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine) (namely, 3 and 4). We explored their cytotoxicity and ability to bind to deoxyguanosine monophosphate (dGMP), DNA, and albumin models. By 1H NMR and UV−vis spectroscopies, circular dichroism, agarose gel electrophoresis, differential scanning calorimetry measurements, and density functional theory calculations, we verified that only 3 can form aquacomplex s…

Circular dichroismCell SurvivalStereochemistryLigandPlasma protein bindingHeLa CellLigands010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesChemistry Physical and theoreticalInorganic ChemistryHeLaBipyridinechemistry.chemical_compoundDrug StabilityCoordination ComplexesQuímica físicaHumansPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryCytotoxicityA549 CellOrganoplatinumPlatinumCoordination ComplexeCalorimetry Differential ScanningMolecular Structurebiology010405 organic chemistryChemistryRational designDeoxyguanine NucleotidesSerum Albumin BovineDNAbiology.organism_classification0104 chemical sciencesSettore CHIM/03 - Chimica Generale E InorganicaA549 CellsAgarose gel electrophoresisDeoxyguanine NucleotideHumanHeLa CellsProtein BindingInorganic Chemistry
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Combined spectroscopic and theoretical analysis of the binding of a water-soluble perylene diimide to DNA/RNA polynucleotides and G-quadruplexes.

2021

We present here a combined spectroscopic and theoretical analysis of the binding of N,N’-bis(2-(1-piperazino)ethyl)-3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic acid diimide dichloride (PZPERY) to different biosubstrates. Absorbance titrations and circular dichroism experiments, melting studies and isothermal calorimetry (ITC) titrations reveal a picture where the binding to natural double-stranded DNA is very different from that to double and triple-stranded RNAs (poly(A)∙poly(U) and poly(U)∙poly(A)⁎poly(U)). As confirmed also by the structural and energetic details clarified by density functional theory (DFT) calculations, intercalation occurs for DNA, with a process driven by the combination of aggr…

Circular dichroismIntercalation (chemistry)PolynucleotidesSupramolecular chemistryMolecular dynamicsG-quadruplexChemistry Physical and theoreticalAnalytical ChemistryAggregationchemistry.chemical_compoundDiimideQuímica físicaIntercalationHumansInstrumentationPeryleneSpectroscopyAggregation; Density functional theory; Intercalation; Molecular dynamics; Sitting atop; Circular Dichroism; DNA; Humans; Polynucleotides; RNA; Water; G-Quadruplexes; PeryleneCircular DichroismWaterIsothermal titration calorimetryDNAAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSitting atopG-QuadruplexesCrystallographychemistrySettore CHIM/03 - Chimica Generale E InorganicaPolynucleotideDensity functional theoryRNAPeryleneSpectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy
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