Search results for "observation"

showing 10 items of 1586 documents

Advancing empirical resilience research.

2016

AbstractWe are delighted by the broad, intense, and fruitful discussion in reaction to our target article. A major point we take from the many comments is a prevailing feeling in the research community that we need significantly and urgently to advance resilience research, both by sharpening concepts and theories and by conducting empirical studies at a much larger scale and with a much more extended and sophisticated methodological arsenal than is the case currently. This advancement can be achieved only in a concerted international collaborative effort. In our response, we try to argue that an explicitly atheoretical, purely observational definition of resilience and a transdiagnostic, qu…

Social psychology (sociology)SchoolsPhysiologymedia_common.quotation_subjectResearchEmpirical ResearchPsychology SocialEpistemologyStyle (sociolinguistics)Behavioral NeuroscienceNeuropsychology and Physiological PsychologyEmpirical researchFeelingResidence CharacteristicsResearch communityScale (social sciences)Observational studySociologyResilience (network)media_commonThe Behavioral and brain sciences
researchProduct

A Validation Study of Classroom Assessment Scoring System–Secondary in the Finnish School Context

2017

This study examined the reliability and validity of the Classroom Assessment Scoring System–Secondary (CLASS-S) in Finnish classrooms. Trained observers coded classroom interactions based on video recordings of 46 Grade 6 classrooms (450 cycles). Concurrent associations were investigated with respect to teacher self-ratings (e.g., efficacy beliefs and teaching-related stress). Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the hypothesized three-factor structure of the original CLASS-S (Emotional Support, Organizational Support, and Instructional Support), with some modifications, provided a better fit for the data compared with one- and two-factor structures. Structural validity was demonstrate…

Sociology and Political ScienceContext (language use)luokkatyöskentelyDevelopmental psychologyGoodness of fithavainnointiRating scaleclassroom workDevelopmental and Educational PsychologyMathematics educationta5160501 psychology and cognitive sciencesLife-span and Life-course Studiesta515Reliability (statistics)Classroom Assessment Scoring System-Secondary (CLASS-S)Self-efficacy05 social sciences050301 educationTeaching Through Interactionsopetusrakenneanalyysistructure analysisConfirmatory factor analysisInter-rater reliabilityclassroom observationScale (social sciences)Psychology0503 educationSocial Sciences (miscellaneous)050104 developmental & child psychologyThe Journal of Early Adolescence
researchProduct

Museari, Educar en Arte LGTB para Superar la Homofobia y la Transfobia

2021

La presente investigación parte de un proceso de intervención en las aulas de formación del profesorado que pretende generar un acercamiento a las posibilidades educativas del arte LGTB, cuyo objetivo consiste en reflexionar sobre la oportunidad de utilizar piezas ar-tísticas, incorporando cuestiones como la diversidad sexual y de género, fomentando así la superación del odio, la homofobia y la transfobia. Como metodología se plantea un estu-dio de caso en el que se analiza un taller impartido a dos grupos de la Facultat de Magisteri de la Universitat de València, incorporando la Investigación Educativa Basada en Artes. La recogida de datos se lleva a cabo durante la práctica docente, usand…

Sociology and Political Sciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectParticipant observationProfessors FormacióThe artsFocus groupEducationHatredArgumentation theoryEducational researchPedagogySociologyTransphobiamedia_commonDiversity (politics)Revista Internacional de Educación para la Justicia Social
researchProduct

Mapping the global distribution of the freshwater hydrozoan Craspedacusta sowerbii

2021

The invasive freshwater jellyfish Craspedacusta sowerbii (Limnomedusae, Olindiidae) is native to East Asia and since the end of the 19th century, was observed in Europe, then in North America, and across the globe. In recent decades, reports of C. sowerbii have drastically increased in Europe, North and South America, Australia, Asia, and parts of Africa. However, the worldwide distribution of C. sowerbii remains poorly documented due to the lack of information in various aquatic environments. This dataset globalises the occurrences of this species from an extensive literature review and database review. Information extracted from the literature/database were organised and synthesised accor…

SpeciesIdentificationReference sourceLocationSiteCountryHabitatContinentUniform resource locator/link to referenceLATITUDEEarth System ResearchYear of observationELEVATIONLONGITUDEUniform resource locator link to referenceReference/sourceglobal compilation
researchProduct

The Italian observational study on severe osteoporosis (ISSO): 24-month results on incidence of fractures and adherence to treatment

2016

Objective To estimate the proportion of patients with very severe osteoporosis (those covered by the reimbursement criteria of the Italian National Health Service) experiencing new vertebral and non-vertebral fragility fractures in the first 24 months of a new anti-osteoporosis treatment. Methods Prospective observational study in men and post-menopausal women (aged > 21 years) initiating anti-osteoporosis treatment for very severe osteoporosis. Eligibility was based on teriparatide (TPD) reimbursement criteria in Italy: Incident of vertebral or hip fracture during anti-resorptive treatment (minimum 1 year), or at least three prevalent severe vertebral fractures, or two prevalent severe ver…

Spinal fractureFractureRheumatologyObservational studyOsteoporosis therapyTeriparatideImmunologyOsteoporosiImmunology and AllergyParathyroid hormoneSpine
researchProduct

The German COPD cohort COSYCONET: Aims, methods and descriptive analysis of the study population at baseline

2016

Abstract Background The German COPD cohort study COSYCONET (" CO PD and SY stemic consequences- CO morbidities NET work") investigates the interaction of lung disease, comorbidities and systemic inflammation. Recruitment took place from 2010 to 2013 in 31 study centers. In addition to the baseline visit, follow-up visits are scheduled at 6, 18, 36 and 54 months after baseline. The study also comprises a biobank, image bank, and includes health economic data. Here we describe the study design of COSYCONET and present baseline data of our COPD cohort. Methods Inclusion criteria were broad in order to cover a wide range of patterns of the disease. In each visit, patients undergo a large panel …

SpirometryAdultMalePulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyComorbiditySeverity of Illness IndexCohort Studies03 medical and health sciencesPulmonary Disease Chronic Obstructive0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorsInternal medicineGermanySeverity of illnessMedicineHumansCOPD030212 general & internal medicineProspective StudiesProspective cohort studyAgedAged 80 and overCOPDmedicine.diagnostic_testSystemic inflammationbusiness.industrySmokingCohortStudy designMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseComorbiditySystemic Inflammatory Response SyndromeObservational Studies as Topic030228 respiratory systemCohortPhysical therapyDisease ProgressionPopulation studyFemaleCohort ; Comorbidity ; Copd ; Study Design ; Systemic InflammationbusinessCohort studyFollow-Up StudiesRespiratory Medicine
researchProduct

The alhambra photometric system

2010

Aparicio Villegas, Teresa et al.

StandardsCosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)media_common.quotation_subjectFOS: Physical sciencesPhotometric systemAstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysicsfundamental parameters [Stars]Instrumentation: photometersPhotometry (optics)Galaxies: distances and redshiftsdistances and redshifts [Galaxies]Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysicsobservations [Cosmology]Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)Stars: fundamental parametersAstrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysicsmedia_commonPhysicsCosmology: observationsphotometric [Techniques]Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsAstronomy and AstrophysicsSecond order momentsWavelengthStarsphotometers [Instrumentation]Space and Planetary ScienceSkyAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsTechniques: photometricAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
researchProduct

TheINTEGRALspectrometer SPI: performance of point-source data analysis

2005

The performance of the SPI point-source data analysis system is assessed using a combination of simulations and of observations gathered during the first year of INTEGRAL operations. External error estimates are derived by comparing source positions and fluxes obtained from independent analyses. When the source detection significance provided by the SPIROS imaging reconstruction program increases from ∼10 to ∼100, the errors decrease as the inverse of the detection significance, with values from ∼10 to ∼1 arcmin in positions, and from ∼10 to ∼1 per cent in relative flux. These errors are dominated by Poisson counting noise. Our error estimates are consistent with those provided by the SPIRO…

Statistical noisePoint sourceInstrumentationdata analysis -gamma raysPoisson distribution01 natural sciencesNoise (electronics)[PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO]symbols.namesakeSignal-to-noise ratioOptics0103 physical sciencesSpurious relationship010303 astronomy & astrophysicsinstrumentationPhysics[SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryAstronomy and AstrophysicsComputational physicsobservationsSpace and Planetary SciencesymbolsDeconvolutionbusinessmiscellaneous -methodsMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
researchProduct

Asymptotic optimality of myopic information-based strategies for Bayesian adaptive estimation

2016

This paper presents a general asymptotic theory of sequential Bayesian estimation giving results for the strongest, almost sure convergence. We show that under certain smoothness conditions on the probability model, the greedy information gain maximization algorithm for adaptive Bayesian estimation is asymptotically optimal in the sense that the determinant of the posterior covariance in a certain neighborhood of the true parameter value is asymptotically minimal. Using this result, we also obtain an asymptotic expression for the posterior entropy based on a novel definition of almost sure convergence on "most trials" (meaning that the convergence holds on a fraction of trials that converge…

Statistics and ProbabilityAsymptotic analysisMathematical optimizationPosterior probabilityBayesian probabilityMathematics - Statistics TheoryStatistics Theory (math.ST)050105 experimental psychologydifferential entropyDifferential entropyactive data selection03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineactive learningFOS: Mathematics0501 psychology and cognitive sciencescost of observationdecision theoryMathematicsD-optimalityBayes estimatorSequential estimation05 social sciencesBayesian adaptive estimationAsymptotically optimal algorithmConvergence of random variablesasymptotic optimalitysequential estimation030217 neurology & neurosurgery
researchProduct

Assessing the quality of studies in meta-research: Review/guidelines on the most important quality assessment tools

2020

Systematic reviews and meta-analyses pool data from individual studies to generate a higher level of evidence to be evaluated by guidelines. These reviews ultimately guide clinicians and stakeholders in health-related decisions. However, the informativeness and quality of evidence synthesis inherently depend on the quality of what has been pooled into meta-research projects. Moreover, beyond the quality of included individual studies, only a methodologically correct process, in relation to systematic reviews and meta-analyses themselves, can produce a reliable and valid evidence synthesis. Hence, quality of meta-research projects also affects evidence synthesis reliability. In this overview…

Statistics and ProbabilityCONSORTmedia_common.quotation_subjectPRISMAmeta-researchStrengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology01 natural sciencesAMSTAR-PLUS; AMSTAR2; CONSORT; Cochrane; NOS; PRISMA; STROBE; meta-analysis; meta-research; quality010104 statistics & probability03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineAMSTAR-PLUSBiasSTROBEMedicineHumansPharmacology (medical)Quality (business)AMSTAR2 AMSTAR-PLUS Cochrane CONSORT meta-analysis meta-research NOSPRISMA quality STROBE030212 general & internal medicine0101 mathematicsmedia_commonPharmacologyReview/guidelines on the most important quality assessment tools- PHARMACEUTICAL STATISTICS 2020 [Luchini C. Veronese N. Nottegar A. Shin J. I. Gentile G. Granziol U. SOYSAL P. Alexinschi O. Smith L. Solmi M. -Assessing the quality of studies in meta-research]business.industryConsolidated Standards of Reporting TrialsReproducibility of ResultsEvidence-based medicineNOSJadad scaleAMSTAR2meta-analysisSystematic reviewCochraneRisk analysis (engineering)AMSTAR-PLUS; AMSTAR2; Cochrane; CONSORT; meta-analysis; meta-research; NOS; PRISMA; quality; STROBEqualityResearch DesignMeta-analysisObservational studybusiness
researchProduct