Search results for "observator"

Origin of atmospheric aerosols at the Pierre Auger Observatory using studies of air mass trajectories in South America

2014

The Pierre Auger Observatory is making significant contributions towards understanding the nature and origin of ultra-high energy cosmic rays. One of its main challenges is the monitoring of the atmosphere, both in terms of its state variables and its optical properties. The aim of this work is to analyze aerosol optical depth $\tau_{\rm a}(z)$ values measured from 2004 to 2012 at the observatory, which is located in a remote and relatively unstudied area of the Pampa Amarilla, Argentina. The aerosol optical depth is in average quite low - annual mean $\tau_{\rm a}(3.5~{\rm km})\sim 0.04$ - and shows a seasonal trend with a winter minimum - $\tau_{\rm a}(3.5~{\rm km})\sim 0.03$ -, and a sum…

Astrophysical neutrinos and cosmic rays observed by IceCube

2018

The core mission of the IceCube neutrino observatory is to study the origin and propagation of cosmic rays. IceCube, with its surface component IceTop, observes multiple signatures to accomplish this mission. Most important are the astrophysical neutrinos that are produced in interactions of cosmic rays, close to their sources and in interstellar space. IceCube is the first instrument that measures the properties of this astrophysical neutrino flux and constrains its origin. In addition, the spectrum, composition, and anisotropy of the local cosmic-ray flux are obtained from measurements of atmospheric muons and showers. Here we provide an overview of recent findings from the analysis of Ic…

Application Of Microholography for Ground-based In Situ Measurements in Stratus Cloud Layers: A Case Study

1993

Abstract A holographic droplet and aerosol recording system (HODAR) has been designed and operated in situ in a low-level stratus cloud layer adopting the Fraunhofer in-line technique to measure sizes and velocity vectors of cloud droplets as well as to determine sizes and shapes of other hydrometeors (e.g., graupel). The particle-size radii covered by this ground-based instrument range from three to several hundred micrometers. A case study conducted on the Kleiner Feldberg Mountain Observatory near Frankfurt, Germany, during November 1990 documents the temporal evolution of the cloud-droplet size distribution over a period of 19 h during which the size distribution changed from monomodal …

2017

Abstract. The STRAP (Synergie Transdisciplinaire pour Répondre aux Aléas liés aux Panaches volcaniques) campaign was conducted over the entire year of 2015 to investigate the volcanic plumes of Piton de La Fournaise (La Réunion, France). For the first time, measurements at the local (near the vent) and at the regional scales were conducted around the island. The STRAP 2015 campaign has become possible thanks to strong cross-disciplinary collaboration between volcanologists and meteorologists. The main observations during four eruptive periods (85 days) are summarised. They include the estimates of SO2, CO2 and H2O emissions, the altitude of the plume at the vent and over different areas of …

Zvaigžņotā Debess: 2010/11, Ziema (210)

2010

Contents: “ZVAIGŅOTĀ DEBESS” FORTY YEARS AGO: Bursting Stars. J. Francman (abridged). Geodesists Help Renew the Spire of St. Peter’s Church. J. Klētnieks (abridged). DEVELOPMENTS in SCIENCE: The Solar Neutrino Problem. O. Smirnova. NEWS: At Last the Planet at the Star β Pictoris Is Imaged. A. Alksnis, Z. Alksne. SPACE RESEARCH and EXPLORATION: The Trail of an Asteroid Reveals a Recent Collision. A. Alksnis. INTERNATIONAL YEAR of ASTRONOMY 2009: International Year of Astronomy 2009 in Philately. The Rest of the World except Series EUROPA (concluded). J. Limansky. ACADEMIC STAFF of the UNIVERSITY of LATVIA: Assistant Professor in Physics Ojārs Šmits (24.04.1930.-14.03.1993.) of the Latvian Un…

Activity from the Be/X-ray binary system V0332+53 during its intermediate-luminosity outburst in 2008

2015

Aims: We present a study of the Be/X-ray binary system V 0332+53 with the main goal of characterizing its behavior mainly during the intermediate-luminosity X-ray event on 2008. In addition, we aim to contribute to the understanding of the global behavior of the donor companion by including optical data from our dedicated campaign starting on 2006. Methods: V 0332+53 was observed by RXTE and Swift during the decay of the intermediate-luminosity X-ray outburst of 2008, as well as with Suzaku before the rising of the third normal outburst of the 2010 series. In addition, we present recent data from the Spanish ground-based astronomical observatories of El Teide (Tenerife), Roque de los Muchac…

Quantifying biogeochemical heterogeneity in soil systems

2018

© 2018 Elsevier B.V. Soils are increasingly perceived as complex systems with properties and biogeochemical functions that vary on millimeter scales. Quantitative information about the resulting biogeochemical heterogeneity is needed to improve process knowledge and to render biogeochemical models more mechanistic. Here we demonstrate how standardized arrays of Pt-electrodes can be used to quantify biogeochemical or ‘functional’ soil heterogeneity, defined as the extent to which the soil is subdivided into microenvironments. Our case study confirmed the validity of this approach for a soil sequence consisting of a well-drained, a moderately well drained and a poorly drained Mollisol. We fou…

The NHXM observatory

2011

Exploration of the X-ray sky has established X-ray astronomy as a fundamental astrophysical discipline. While our knowledge of the sky below 10 keV has increased dramatically (∼8 orders of magnitude) by use of grazing incidence optics, we still await a similar improvement above 10 keV, where to date only collimated instruments have been used. Also ripe for exploration is the field of X-ray polarimetry, an unused fundamental tool to understand the physics and morphology of X-ray sources. Here we present a novel mission, the New Hard X-ray Mission (NHXM) that brings together for the first time simultaneous high-sensitivity, hard-X-ray imaging, broadband spectroscopy and polarimetry. NHXM will…

The Second Flight of the Sunrise Balloon-borne Solar Observatory: Overview of Instrument Updates, the Flight, the Data, and First Results

2017

S. K. Solanki et. al.

BALDONE 1.2M TELESCOPE PLATE ARCHIVE - HIDDEN RESERVES OF THE FON PROJECT

2018

The plate archive of the 1.2 m Baldone telescope (Latvia) has approximately 780 and 4660 astronegatives exposed in 1967-1993 in the U (ZU21 + UG1 filter plates) and V (A600N + ZS17 filter films) closed to Johnson system U and V passbands. Digitization of astronegatives is carried out using the Epson Expression 10000XL scanner, the scanning mode is 1200 or 2400 dpi, each field covers 19 square degrees of sky.  The plates and films are scanned at the Baldone Observatory, processing of digitized scans is carried out by the observers in Baldone, at the Research Institute "Mykolaiv Astronomical Observatory" and at the Main Astronomical Observatory of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. …